The Age of Jefferson, 1800-1816

1
The Age of Jefferson, 1800-1816
2
The Capitol Building c.1800
3
Jeffersonian Philosophy

• Strict interpretation of Constitutionweak
  central govt
• Small govt and less taxes
• Agricultural society
• Sided with the French
• Presidency with no trappings

4
Louisiana Purchase

• France secretly acquired territory in 1800
• Napoleon willing to sell for war
• Mission sent to buy N.O.
• Bought the whole territory for 15 million
• Purchasing land not mentioned in Constitution

5
The Louisiana Purchase
6
Lewis and Clark lead the Corps of Discovery
7
Into the Unknown
8
Vice President Aaron Burr

• Northern Confederacy
• Split from Rep. party
• Rivalry leads to a duel between Burr and Hamilton
• Hamilton killed, Burr in exile
• Plotted to form his own empire in the LA territory

9
The Duel
10
John Marshalls Court (1801-1835)

• Sought to increase Courts and fed. govt power
• Federalist ideas
• Marbury v. Madison
• Judicial review
• McCullough v. Maryland
• Implied powers

11
Supreme Court Chambers
12
Neutral Rights, Impressment, Embargo

• Jefferson cut the size of the military by more
  than half
• French and British both threaten US ships on high
  seas
• British impress American citizens
  (Chesapeake-Leonard Affair)
• Jefferson decides to abandon all trade with the
  Embargo Act

13
John Bull Taking A Lunch
14
The Embargo Act 1807
15
The Embargo Act 1807

• No foreign trade at all
• Economic slump begins
• Embargo-runners emerge
• Liability for Rep. party

16
James and Dolley Madison
17
James Madison

• Jeffersons Secretary of State
• Most intelligent of Founding Fathers
• Father of the Constitution
• Won 1808 and 1812 elections

18
The War of 1812 Causes

• US desired Spanish Florida (Spain and England
  allied)
• British impressment
• Secure a foreign market
• for US crops
• War Hawks
• Clay-Speaker of the House
• Calhoun-leading Rep.

19
Vision of the War Hawks
20
Fighting Begins

• Britain distracted by Napoleon until 1813
• Invasion of Canada fails
• Harrison defeats Tecumseh
• Jackson ravages Indians in Florida

21
America Impression of British-Indian Alliance
22
The Burning of Washington
23
Hartford Convention

• Opposition grows as war enters 1815
• Federalists in New England meet
• Considered secession, listed grievances
• Right of nullification stated
• After New Orleans, convention looks absurd and
  the Federalists disappear

24
Criticism of Hartford Convention
25
Treaty of Ghent
26
Treaty of Ghent 1814

• Signed before the Battle of New Orleans
• Did NOT address impressment (the alleged cause of
  the war)
• No real changes from 1812
• Simply stopped the fighting
• Led to other treaties
• Rush-Bagot disarmed the Great Lakes
• Economic agreements

27
Battle of New Orleans
28
Battle of New Orleans

• Made a hero of Andrew Jackson
• Over 2,000 casualties for British, about 20 for
  US
• Biggest highlight of the war