WORLD RELIGIONS

1
WORLD RELIGIONS

• A Look at the Way
• the World Prays

2
What is religion and why study it?

• Purpose of Religion?
• To explain
• To get to heaven
• To do good
• To give life meaning
• Law and order
• Why is it important?
• Religion has shaped history for thousands of
  years.
• It is okay to learn about religions not your own.
• You do not, and should not, agree with all
  beliefs, but you should be respectful of them.

3
World Religions
4
(No Transcript)
5
PRIMARY WORLD RELIGIONS

• ISLAM
• JUDAISM
• HINDUISM

• BUDDHISM
• CHRISTIANITY

6
Activity (3 minutes)Order by popularity (size
of membership)

• Hinduism
• Christianity
• Islam
• Buddhism
• Judaism

7
World Religion Membership


Religion Member World Population
Christianity 2 Billion
Islam 1.2 Billion
Hinduism 900 Million
Buddhism 400 Million
Judaism 14 Million (WHY?)
8
(No Transcript)
9
Beliefs

• Monotheistic-believe in one god
• Polytheistic-believe in more than one god

10
The Two Types of Religions
Abrahamic Religions Ex Islam, Christianity,
Judaism
Dharmic Religions Ex Hinduism Buddhism
11
(No Transcript)
12
Abrahamic Dharmic Religions
13
Christianity Islam
14
Lets look at the Abrahamic Religions first.
15
Christianity

• Supreme Being?
• God/ Yaweh/Jesus
• Where did it begin?
• Bethlehem-Palestine, modern day Middle East
  (Israel)
• Raised Jewish
• R.C. Pope- hierarchy
• O. reject doctrine added since 8th century
• P. individuals primary responsibility for
  achieving personal salvation direct
  communication w/God
• Symbols?

16
(No Transcript)
17
(No Transcript)
18
Major Beliefs

• Based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ
• Believe that Jesus was the son of God who came
  and died for peoples sins and then rose so that
  all people could be saved
• Believe in one God(monotheistic) who created the
  universe and all things in it

19
Christian Way of Life

• Fellowship with God
• relationships with others
• Obedience to God's commands
• prayer
• Attending church

20
(No Transcript)
21
CHRISTIANITY

• The three main segments of Christianity are
  Catholics, Orthodox, and Protestants.

22
(No Transcript)
23
Exit Slip

• Use your reading from today to answer on a sheet
  of paper and turn in at the end of class
• 1. Why is Judaism and Christianity considered
  Abrahamic religions?
• 2. What is the Christian concept of the Trinity?
• 4. How do Christians achieve salvation?
• 3. Why do you think Christianity is the largest
  religion in the world?

24
Target I can describeJudaism
25
Learning Target I can describe Judaism

• Journal The Eastern religions of Hinduism and
  Buddhism are polytheistic. Judaism was the first
  monotheistic religion in the world, what does
  this mean? Why is this significant?

26
Founder/Supreme Being

• the God of the ancient Israelites or Yahweh
  established a divine covenant with Abraham,
  making him the patriarch of many nations.
• The term Abrahamic Religions is derived from his
  name. These are the three or four major religions
  which trace their roots back to Abraham Judaism,
  Christianity, Islam

27
JUDAISM

• The oldest faith among the major religions of the
  world is Judaism, or Jewish. The Hebrews have
  been around for thousands of years.
• Judaism began in what is today Israel in the
  Middle East

28
JUDAISM Beliefs

• The main difference between Christians and Jews
  is their belief regarding Jesus. Jews do not
  believe him to be the son of God.
• Jews believe in one God, and are waiting for the
  Messiah or chosen one
• Jews sacred literature is the Torah, comprised
  mainly of the Old Testament. They do not use the
  New Testament.
• Jews practice many traditions including prayer
  and fasting.

29
JUDAISM Practices

• A Jewish place of worship is called a synagogue.
• Jewish ceremonies are often performed in Yiddish,
  or Hebrew.

• A Jewish church leader is called a rabbi.
• Jews have many laws and traditions, including
  eating Kosher food.

30
Customs and Traditions

• Observation of the weekly Sabbath as a day of
  rest, starting at sundown on Friday evening.
• following the laws in all areas of life
• Passing down Jewish traditions
• celebrating the annual festivals including
• Passover, or Pesach is held each Spring to recall
  the Jews' deliverance out of slavery in Egypt
• Hanukkah or the Feast of Lights is an 8 day feast
  of dedication.
• Barmitzvah-coming of age rituals

31
JUDAISM

• The menorah is a symbol of the Jewish religion.
  So is the star of David.

32
Holy Text

• Jews sacred literature is the Torah, comprised
  mainly of the Old Testament. They do not use the
  New Testament.

33
JerusalemThe Holy City
34

• 1) Who was the patriarch (father) of the 3
  religions, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam?
•  
• 3) What is the term for the weekly day of
  worship?
•  
• 5) Christians call him God.
•  
• 6) Name and draw the Jewish symbol.
•  
• 8) What is the coming to age ceremony for boys?
  for girls?
•  
• 9) What is the celebration of the deliverance of
  the Israelites from Egypt called? What is the
  Festival of Lights called?
•  
• 10) What city is associated with the three
  religions, Islam, Christianity, and Judaism?
•  
• 11) Where do Jewish people worship?

35
EXIT

• In your Demonstrator answer the following about
  Judaism in Israel
• 1. Who founded Judaism?
• 2.What were two beliefs or traditions discussed
  in this video? Explain each
• 3. Why do you think Jerusalem is considered such
  a holy place for Jews?

36
ISLAM

• The Muslim symbol is the crescent moon with a
  star.

37
ISLAM

• Muslims worship the same God as Christians and
  Jews. They call him Allah, which is Arabic for
  God.
• Muslims are located mostly in the Middle East in
  countries such as Egypt, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia.
• Islam was founded by the prophet Muhammad

38
ISLAM

• A Muslim temple is called a mosque. A Muslim
  priest is called an imam.

39
ISLAM Beliefs

• Monotheistic- Allah
• Islam is based on the life and teachings of
  Muhammad
• Muslims follow the teachings of the Quran
• Muslims are expected to follow the 5 Pillars of
  Faith

40
5 Pillars of Faith

• 1. Shahada-declaring your faith-Muhammad
  messenger of God
• 2. salat-prayer 5 times a day face Mekkah
• 3. zakat-giving to the poor (purification/growth)
• 4. Siyam-fasting during Ramadan
  (self-purification
• 5. hajj-making a pilgrimage to Mecca/Mekkah once
  in your life

41
ISLAM

• Like Christians, Muslims are divided. The two
  main groups are Shia, (or Shiites) Iraq, Iran,
  Pakistan, The other sect is Sunni SW Asia, N
  Africa Indonesia 83 Muslims.
• France 4 million Muslims- magazine incident
• Detroit- 1930s

42
What is a Muslim extremist?
43
HINDUISM

• Hindus, on the other hand, have no problem with
  Jesus being the son of God. They believe in one
  God, but that he takes many forms.
• 900 million 3rd largest!
• Holy places concentrated for deities- what kind
  of religion?

44
HINDUISM

• Note the circle around this Hindu god. Hindus
  believe in reincarnation. Life, to them, is
  circular.

45
HINDUISM

• This is symbol for Hinduism. Most Hindus live in
  India. The Hindu scripture is primarily the
  Upanishads and Vedas.

46
HINDUISM

• Brahma is the senior God, and creator of the
  universe.

47
HINDUISM

• Another main form of God for Hindus is Shiva.

48
HINDUISM

• Vishnu is another form of God in the Hindu
  religion.

49
HINDUISM
The temple shown is representative of Hindu
temples worldwide. Built for gods rather than
worship-symbolic artifact/image of god Holiest
shrines riverbanks and coastlines
Cremation-purification soul departs for the
afterworld.
50
Hinduism

• Unknown origins before recorded history
• Our book classifies as polytheistic, but only 1
  god

• Aryan tribes Central Asia invaded India
  intermingling with Dravidians modified to
  Hinduism

51
Pongal

• http//www.timeanddate.com/holidays/india/pongal

52
BUDDHISM

• The most different of the five major religions is
  Buddhism. It is more a lifestyle that focuses on
  ending desire, thus ending suffering.

53
Buddhism 4 noble truths

• All living beings must endure suffering
• Suffering, caused by desire to live, leads to
  reincarnation
• Goal of all existence is to escape suffering and
  endless cycle of reincarnation into
  NIRVANA-achieved-mental/moral self-purification
• Nirvavna attained through eightfold path
• Belief, resolve, speech, action, livelihood,
  effort, thought, meditation

54
BUDDHISM

• Buddhists dont really worship a god - they
  believe god is everywhere, and that when we end
  desire we are at peace with ourselves and nature.
• ethnic religion

55
BUDDHISM

• Many people believe that Buddhists worship
  statues of Buddha, like the one at right. Not so.

56
BUDDHISM

• Buddhist priests are called lamas or monks. The
  Buddhist scriptures are called the Tripatakas, or
  three baskets.

57
BUDDHISM

• One thing Buddhists and Hindus have in common is
  the belief in reincarnation. They believe you
  come back in a different form based on your
  actions in this life.

58
BUDDHISM

• Most Buddhists live in Asian countries such as
  China NE India (hearth).
• Missionaries merchants diffused Buddhism- less
  practiced in India today

59
Three branches of Buddhism- TMT

• Theravada
• Way of elders- full time-Monk renounce world
  goods, Buddhas wisdom
• Mahayana
• Help/teach others, Buddhas compassion
• Tantrayana
• Practice rituals tantras

• Siddhartha Gautama becomes Buddha enlightened
  one

60
Quick Thought

• Hindu dominated India

• Muslim dominated Pakistan

61
LETS REVIEW THE WORLD RELIGIONS
62
What god does each religion believe in?
63
What is the scripture for each religion?
64
Match the religion with its place of worship

• Synagogue
• Church
• Cathedral
• Mosque
• Temple

• Muslim
• Protestant
• Jewish
• Catholic
• Buddhist Hindu

65
Match the term to the religion

• Priest, Bishop
• Monk, lama
• Imam
• Rabbi
• Minister, Reverend
• Guru

• Judaism
• Buddhism
• Protestant
• Hindu
• Catholic
• Muslim

66
Match the geographic location to the religion

• Middle East
• Israel, Europe, U.S.
• N. S. America, Europe
• Asia
• India
• U.S., Australia

• Protestant
• Muslim
• Jewish
• Hindu
• Catholic
• Buddhist

67
What is the BIG difference between Christians and
Jews and Muslims?

• HINT J.C.

68
How was each religion created?

• Judaism Abraham
• Catholicism Jesus teachings
• Hinduism unsure
• Protestant Protesting Catholicism
• Buddhist Buddha
• Islam Mohammed

69
How does each religion view the afterlife?

• Which religions believe in reincarnation?

70
Territorial Conflicts

• Ex) Afghanistan-Taliban-strict Islamic
  values-fundamentalism
• Called by Allah purge Afghanistan of sin pure
  Islamic state. No Western influence or Buddhist
  statues
• Caste System- hereditary order (Brahman,
  Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, Shudras, untouchables)
• Relaxed untouchables go to university marriage
  adds still include caste

71
Middle East

• Jews vs. Christians vs. Muslims
• Crusades- against Muslims by Christians to
  reclaim Jerusalem
• UK takes control with the defeat of the Ottoman
  Empire WWI
• UN creates Israel in 1947
• Watch this

72
Middle East

• Israel, Palestine, Gaza Strip
• Israeli control but Palestinians (Muslims lived
  or living in Israel) CLAIM IT
• Do not recognize right of Israel to exist
  (sovereign) due to 1967 six day war when Israel
  claimed territory

73
Jurusalem

• Holy site to Islam, Judaism, Christianity
• Muslims sacred space build ON TOP of sacred space
  of Jews
• Israel allows unlimited access to Muslim holy
  structures
• No dividing possible-ON TOP OF

74
Ireland vs. N Ireland

• N. Protestant 46
• 40 Catholic
• Irish Republican Army (IRA) fundamentalists who
  want to unite Ireland by any means
• Ireland Catholic

75
Communism vs. Religion

• Soviet Union-Today-Russia nationalized church
  buildings and property- use with permission
• SE Asia- vandalized Buddhist monuments