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Prelude to Confederation: The Making of Canada

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Title: Prelude to Confederation: The Making of Canada


1
Prelude to ConfederationThe Making of Canada
2
The Shaping of Canada
  • Today Canada is the second-largest country in the
    world.
  • It is made up of 10 provinces and 3 territories.
  • Although Canada was officially created in 1867,
    the story of the land that eventually became
    Canada is much older.

3
  • During the 1500s many European countries sent
    explorers to discover new lands.
  • They claimed any new discoveries as their own.
  • North America was rich is resources and Europeans
    began to establish settlements or colonies.

4
  • France and Britain had the most influence in
    shaping North America.
  • They interacted with the Aboriginals who had been
    here for thousands of years.
  • Sometimes relations between these groups were
    friendly but at other times they were not.

5
  • France and Britain had problems with each other
    and fought all the time.
  • In 1763 France had to give up its land in North
    America to Britain.
  • Britain thus controlled most of North America.

6
  • Most of the British colonies were in what is now
    the United States.
  • These colonies were upset at the way they were
    being treated by Britain-they began a war of
    independence.
  • The colonies won the war and Britain lost a lot
    of land-the remaining land was called British
    North America.
  • This would become Canada almost 100 years later.

7
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8
Why Confederation?
  • By the 1860s the idea of uniting the British
    colonies became popular....why?
  • Problems, problems, problems...
  • Political, Economic, and Military.

9
Political Problems
  • Province of Canada (union of Upper and Lower
    Canada) was divided.
  • English-speaking and French-speaking people had
    different ideas about how things should be run.
  • Some people believed that joining the other
    colonies might solve problems.

10
Economic Problems
  • In the latter half of the 19th century, the
    colonies economies were based on things like the
    fur trade, farming, mining, logging,
    shipbuilding...
  • To make money colonies had to be able to sell
    their goods to other markets.
  • However, there were few markets available.
  • Some people believed that a big market could be
    created by joining the colonies together.

11
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12
Military Problems
  • The relationship between British North America
    and the US had been tense since the War of
    Independence.
  • The situation grew even worse when Britain
    supported the South in the American Civil
    War...The North won and was angry at Britain.
  • Meanwhile, Britain was getting fed-up with the
    high cost of defending its colonies.
  • Britain supported the idea of the colonies
    joining together-this would discourage the US
    from attacking.

13
CONFEDERATION
  • Finally, after a series of important conferences,
    Canada came into existence on July 1, 1867.
  • It was composed of four provinces New Brunswick,
    Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Quebec-it would take
    another 100 years to add the other 6 provinces
    and 3 territories that make up Canada today.

14
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