The%20Louisiana%20Purchase

1
The Louisiana Purchase

• By Ryan Bilger Jarred Ring

2
Early Louisiana History

• Originally colonized by France
• Given up to Spain after French and Indian War
• Treaty of Fontainebleau
• Americans still allowed to settle in Spanish
  Louisiana

3
Quasi-War/XYZ Affair Early Controversy Between
United States and France

• Quasi-War Unofficial war where French ships
  attacked American ships in 1797
• XYZ Affair- French government bribing American
  government for an end to the quasi-war 1797-1798
• Caused massive uproar among anti-French Americans

4
Treaty of San Ildefonso

• September 30, 1800
• Louisiana given back to France from Spain
• Spain supposed to get a French kingdom in Italy,
  but it was never handed over
• Treaty supposed to be secret still found out
  about by Americans, and the Senate was notified
  by Thomas Jefferson

5
Slave Rebellion in St. Domingue

• St. Domingue- French colony in present-day Haiti
• Led by Toussaint LOverture
• Napoleon sent over 40,000 soldiers to fight
  rebels
• French soldiers decimated by yellow fever, forced
  troops to withdraw
• Most French defeated in 1802

6
Napoleons Desire to Sell Louisiana

• Loss of St. Domingue diminished Napoleons
  opinion of Louisiana
• Thought it was useless without St. Domingue as a
  jumping-off point
• Wanted to ease tension with United States after
  XYZ Affair
• Prepared to offer territory to American diplomats
  in France

7
Jefferson Appoints Negotiators

• Livingston appointed Resident Minister at the
  Court of Napoleon in 1801
• Monroe appointed Envoy Extraordinary in 1803
• Jefferson notified the Senate of these positions
  in a January 1803 message
• Both would negotiate the treaty with Napoleon

8
The Offers for Louisiana

• Monroe was to offer 9,375,000 to buy New Orleans
  and Florida
• Napoleon offered entire Louisiana Territory for
  22,500,000
• Monroe and Livingston counter-offer 8,000,000
• Napoleon offers 16,000,000, Americans offer
  12,000,000

9
Louisiana Purchase Treaty

• France agrees to sell Louisiana for 15,000,000
  price confirmed in First Convention
• Rate of 6 cents per acre
• First signed by Livingston and Monroe for the
  United States in April 1803
• Louisiana Territory and all French
  public/government buildings included

10
Louisiana Purchase Treaty (cont.)

• Over 800,000 acres of land added
• Gave U.S. access to the Mississippi River, but
  France and Spain were still allowed to import
  economy boost
• Money for purchase loaned from a British bank
• Treaty passed by Congress on October 20, 1803

11
Louisiana Purchase Immediate Aftermath

• U.S. occupied Louisiana in December, 1803 after
  Spain gave it over to France days before
• Napoleons North American empire was gone he
  eventually lost his European empire as well
• Spain angered by what France had done, but they
  had no power to change it

12
Louisiana Purchase Immediate Aftermath (cont.)

• Lewis and Clark explored the territory from
  1805-1806
• Development would displace many natives, as well
  as change the lives of French and Spanish in the
  area

13
Louisiana Purchase Today

• Land is now home to many species of animals
• New cities built/further developed in LA
  territory e.g. St. Louis, MO Kansas City, MO
  Omaha, NE
• Land makes up all or parts of 15 states
• Contains some of Yellowstone National Park

14
Thomas Jefferson- Did he overstep his bounds?

• During negotiations, he didnt have the power to
  buy the land
• Nothing in the Constitution about land
  acquisitions
• Jefferson himself said he didnt have the
  authority knew it was important acquisition, so
  he went through with it
• Eventually given authority by Congress to acquire
  Louisiana Territory in Oct. 1803
• Lasting impact on Federal Power

15
Impact on Federal Power

• Purchase seen as beginning of expansion of
  federal power
• Strengthened federal government gave them more
  power to do what they wanted
• Constitution interpreted more loosely by future
  governments
• Examples of growing federal powers impact
  throughout history
• Federal power vs. states rights argument during
  Civil War
• Franklin Roosevelts New Deal
• Barack Obamas healthcare reform