Aim: How has Europe evolved in the post-WWII era?

1
Aim How has Europe evolved in the post-WWII era?

• Do Now
• What do you already know about Europe in the
  post-WWII era?

2
EUROPE SINCE 1945

• A DIVIDED EUROPE
• How?
• East and West
• Iron Curtain
• Germany divided

3
AFTERMATH AND LEGACY OF WORLD WAR II

• Legacy
• Costly over 50 million dead
• Dangers of extreme nationalism and militarism
• Lessons of Munich (appeasement)
• Lessons of Holocaust
• Nuremberg Trials
• Total War

4
Aim How has Europe evolved in the post-WWII era?

• Do Now
• What is meant by the Cold War?
• Why were the U.S. and the Soviet Union considered
  Super Powers?
• During the Cold War years how did the U.S. and
  the Soviet Union compete?

5
EUROPE SINCE 1945

• TWO SUPERPOWERS
• U.S. and U.S.S.R. (Soviet Union)
• Economic and nuclear powers
• THE COLD WAR BEGINS
• Competition between the U.S. and Soviet Union
  (1945-1991)
• Tension and hostility between two superpowers
• Democracy/capitalism v. Communism
• Domino theory
• Policy of containment
• Truman Doctrine
• Marshall Plan
• CRISIS IN GERMANY
• Berlin Airlift
• Berlin Wall (1961)

6
EUROPE SINCE 1945

• COLD WAR AND OPPOSING MILITARY ALLIANCES
• NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
• Warsaw Pact

7
EUROPE SINCE 1945

• COLD WAR HEATS UP
• Repression in Eastern Europe (East Germany,
  Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia)
• Arms Race
• The Space Race

8
EUROPE SINCE 1945

• COLD WAR CONFLICTS AROUND THE WORLD
• Korean War
• Vietnam War
• Arab-Israeli conflict
• Iran, Iraq, Syria, Libya
• Africa (civil wars)
• Latin America (Cuba)
• Non-alignment
• Role of the United Nations

9
EUROPE SINCE 1945

• ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE
• West German economic miracle
• European Economic Unification
• European Coal and Steel Community (1952)
• Common Market (1957) or European Community
• European Union (EU) by 2004 had 25 member
  states including former communist countries
• New currency Euro
• Trend is toward free-trade and free-flow of labor
  and capital across borders

10
Aim How has Europe evolved in the post-WWII era?

• Summary
• What is meant by the Cold War?
• Why was NATO created?
• Why was the Warsaw Pact created? What is its
  status today?
• What purpose does NATO serve today?
• What is the domino theory?
• What foreign policy came about to counter the
  domino theory?