Lewis Dot Diagrams

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Lewis Dot Diagrams

• Also called Lewis Structures
• Show the valence electrons
• Use the symbol of the element to represent the
  nucleus plus all the inner shell electrons
• Use dots or xs to represent the valence
  electrons.

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Valence Electrons

• Electrons in the outermost shell or orbit.
• NO element has more than 8 valence electrons.

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Rules

• The number of dots the number of valence
  electrons
• The maximum is 8. Never more than 2 per side.
• The first dot goes above the symbol.
• Spread the remaining dots out as much as
  possible.
• The 2nd goes at 300 oclock
• The 3rd goes at 600 oclock.
• The 4th goes at 900 oclock.
• Then double up in the same order.

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Lewis Structures Examples

• Na has the configuration 2-8-1
• Na

?
Represents the 1 valence electron.
Represents the nucleus, the n1 and n2 energy
levels.
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Cl has the configuration 2-8-7
Note dots on the sides have a vertical
arrangement.


Cl





Represents the nucleus, the n1 and n2 energy
levels.
7 valence electrons
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Vocabulary

• Inner Shell Electrons All electrons EXCEPT the
  valence electrons.
• Kernel nucleus all the inner shell electrons.
• Kernel is everything but the valence electrons.

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