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Social Psychology, Resistance and Anti-racism

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Title: Social Psychology, Resistance and Anti-racism


1
Social Psychology, Resistance and Anti-racism
  • Parisa Dashtipour Shose Kessi

2
Social Psychology, Resistance and Anti-racism
  • Resistance to Racism in International Development
    (Shose)
  • Anti-Racism in Sweden (Parisa)

3
Racism and Psychology
  • Underlying concepts of western thought
    individualism, rationality, objectivity
  • For psychology mind as naturalised and object
    of science
  • Scientific racism producing neutral, value-free,
    objective or scientific discourse
  • Norm unitary subject of white male rational
    individual
  • (References Ahmed 2000 Mama 1995 Richards
    1997, Howitt and Owusu-Bempah, 1994)

4
Racism and Mainstream Social Psychology
  • Social cognition Social identity theories
    bringing back the social
  • Cognition and error exonerates prejudiced
    victim is responsible
  • Experimental methodologies and role of the
    researcher
  • (References Ahmed, 2000 Billig, 1985 Henriques
    et al. 1998)

5
Racism and Critical Psychology
  • Critique of society discipline
  • Race as socially constructed
  • Focus on power
  • Theorising difference and subjectivities
  • Look at everyday experiences from perspective of
    oppressed
  • Spaces for resistance?

6
Racism and Critical Psychology
  • Social Representations and Post colonial theory
  • Reification of western knowledge
  • Power and political motivation
  • Subjectivity and difference
  • Psychoanalysis unconscious
  • (References Hook, 2004, 2006 Howarth, 2004,
    2006, 2007)

7
Resistance and International Development
  • Resisting racialising representations of
    development

8
Resistance and International Development
  • () theres lots of starving children in the
    photograph
  • They might just be kids that are in their house
    and I think very often , they just take a
    picture of someone in Africa leading their normal
    life and they say poverty because theyre wearing
    African material()
  • I do remember being like that with my brothers
    and sisters so you know, do they look so unhappy
    or starving or something? Not really either, so
    it's a very ambiguous photo

9
Resistance and International Development
  • They are showing people living with AIDS in
    Europe, in this country who look different. That
    means they are having normal life
  • There is a liberty that people take with African
    death which people are not taking with whites ()
  • I can say that these representations perpetuate
    the, the feeling of superiority that we, that
    Europeans feel here you know we dont have
    children dying like that... Its almost
    reassuring I guess

10
Resistance and International Development
  • What are the perceptions of development and
    poverty in Tanzania?
  • How does racism manifest itself between different
    stakeholders of international development?
  • How does racism impact on how people construct
    their identities and how is it resisted?
  • What are alternatives to internationally focused
    development in Tanzania?

11
Anti-Racism
  • Paul Gilroy- critical of some anti-racist
    movements

12
Anti-Racism
  • One problem according to Gilroy
  • No clear definition of racism

13
Anti-Racism
  • Analysing what racism does in our society means,
    first of all, claiming race and racism back
    from the margins of British politics (Gilroy,
    1992 250).

14
Anti-Racism
  • ...they identify race with the terms culture
    and identity, terms which have their own
    resonance in antiracist orthodoxy (Gilroy,
    1992 254)

15
Racism and Resistance in Sweden
  • Anti-racist magazine a supplement in the
    Swedish metro from 2004- May 2007.

16
Identities and Stereotypes
17
What is the representation of racism?
  • Discrimination in labour and housing market, in
    bars and clubs.
  • Extreme right wing parties
  • Skinheads

18
Criticising institutional discrimination?
  • Gringo's Job Centre
  • HOSPITAL IS LOOKING FOR DOCTORS
  • We know that many of the competence of foreign
    doctors are being wasted by for example being a
    taxi driver. We think that it is a shame that
    doctors are not allowed to be in their natural
    environment. We are now therefore looking for you
    who have foreign doctor qualifications. You
    should be hygienic, have surgical precision and
    enjoy being in the hospital corridors. You will
    be member of a cleaning team together with the
    business school graduates. Label your
    application I hate dirt.

19
Criticising racist claims?
  • Editorial Watch out for the racist label
  • When chairman of the board of directors of the
    municipality of Malmo, Ilmar Reepalu, didn't want
    to accept newly arrived unemployed blackheads
    because they had been completely unsuccessful to
    give jobs to those who were already there, he was
    quickly compared to our neighbours Danish
    Folkeparti. When Lejonborg wanted to implement
    language tests, he was compared to right wing
    extremist in the same league as Jarg Haider in
    Austria and Le Pen in France. Even though the
    suggestions were quite bad, they were hardly
    racist.

20
Criticising ethnicity?
  • Abolish ethnicity
  • Ethnicity is really stupid. It tells us that we
    are more different than we really are. It builds
    ideas about cultures that really only exist in an
    imagined world and in this way, it shapes
    conflicts and power structures that are
    difficult to change. And the whole concept is
    built on a classic racial thinking that is
    masked. The talk about the maintenance of
    cultural identity and language barriers is just
    an illusion. Even many anti-racists seem fond of
    the idea of the intrinsic sense of rhythm within
    the African, or the Latino people's warm blood
    and relaxed temperament.
  • We rightly become upset when racists speak about
    predetermined differences. When this is done by
    anti-racists, we nod and name it multi-culture.
    In both cases, the same sick need is to create
    differences.

21
How should anti-racism conceptualize difference?
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