Notes on Subatomic Particles

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Notes on Subatomic Particles

• There are 3 subatomic particles in an atom
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.

proton
neutron
electron
2
nucleus
Electrons
(negative)
Proton Neutron
(positive)
(neutral)
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Subatomic Particle Charge Location Mass
Proton
Neutron
Electron
1 amu (atomic mass unit)
positive
nucleus
(p)
neutral
nucleus
1 amu
(n)
Zip around nucleus in shells
(e-)
negative
_1_ amu 1837
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When using the periodic table to find subatomic
particle information
Atomic mass

• A
• Z

symbol
Atomic
Atomic mass

• Is a number in decimal form

• When you round it, it tells you the mass of p
  n e-

x
Atomic

• Tells the of p

• Tells the of e-

To find the of neutrons
Atomic mass - atomic neutrons
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Atoms that arent typical

• ISOTOPE atom with a number of neutrons that is
  higher or lower than whats indicated on the
  periodic table (typically radioactive)
• ION atom with a number of electrons that is
  higher (anion) or lower (cation) than whats
  indicated on the periodic table

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Examples on Subatomic Particle Worksheet
symbol name Z p n A e-
Na 23
51 91
133 55
23
sodium
11
11
11
12
11
91
zirconium
Zr
40
40
40
40
cesium
Cs
55
55
55
133
78
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Notes on the Periodic Table

• Periodic table created by Dimitri Mendeleev

He organized it by increasing mass (doesnt
worklook at 27 and 28) and by similar
properties

• NOW organized by increasing atomic number and by
  similar properties

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Organization of the Periodic Table

• Rows (??) periods, shells, energy levels,
• electron clouds

Columns (?) groups, families, of valence
electrons
Left of Zig Zag Line - metals, cations (positive
ions)
Zig Zag Line metalloids, semi-metals,
semiconductors
Right of ZigZag Line non-metals, anions
(negative ions)
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Families of the Periodic Table

• Column 1 Alkali Metals

• Column 2 Alkaline Earth Metals

• Column 8 (18) Nobel Gases

• Column 7 (17) Halogens

• Column 6 (16) Oxygen Family

Column 5 (15) Nitrogen Family Note Only
Down to Zig Zag line for Oxygen Family and
Nitrogen Family!!
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Families of the Periodic Table continued

• Middle of the periodic table
• TRANSITION METALS

• Coinage Family (Cu, Ag, Au)

• Lanthanides (1st row on bottom)

• Actinides (2nd row on bottom)