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Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation

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Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation Earthworms add their wastes to the soil, then they die and decay in the soil. They are contributing to the formation of _____. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Chapter 6: Weathering and Soil Formation


1
Chapter 6 Weathering and Soil Formation
2
  • The breaking down of rock and other substances at
    Earths surface is ___.

3
  • weathering

4
  • The principle stating that the same processes
    that operate today also operated in the past is
    ____.

5
  • Uniformitarianism

6
  • Which type of weathering causes the mineral
    composition of rocks to change?

7
  • Chemical Weathering

8
  • What are the most important factors in
    determining the rate of weathering?

9
  • Type of rock Climate

10
What can geologists infer from the rounded,
eroded shapes of the Appalachian Mountains?
11
  • The mountains have been eroding for millions of
    years.

12
  • How does ice wedging cause mechanical weathering
    of rock?

13
  • Freezing thawing of water

14
  • Does weathering occur rapidly or slowly in a hot
    and wet climate?

15
  • Rapidly

16
  • Which agent of mechanical weathering occurs when
    rock is worn away by the grinding action of other
    rock particles?

17
  • Abrasion

18
  • A rock containing iron becomes soft and crumbly
    and reddish-brown in color. Which cause of
    chemical weathering has taken place?

19
  • Oxygen

20
  • Why does permeable rock weather easily?

21
  • Permeable rock contains many small, connected
    airspaces which allows water to pass through
    easily.

22
  • Why are areas of limestone easily eroded by
    groundwater?

23
  • Water combines with carbon dioxide as it sinks
    into the ground, creating carbonic acid, which
    slowly dissolves the limestone.

24
  • What begins the process of soil formation?

25
  • Weathering of bedrock

26
  • Soil that is rich in humus has high___________.

27
  • Fertility

28
Soil formation would take place most rapidly with
the weathering of ______.
  1. granite on a mountain top.
  2. limestone in a desert.
  3. granite in a cold, dry climate.
  4. limestone in a warm, wet climate.

29
  • D. limestone in a warm, wet climate.

30
  • Why is soil a valuable natural resource?

31
  • Soil is important to all living things on land.

32
  • What are the two jobs of living organisms in
    soil?

33
  • mix the soil make humus

34
  • Earthworms add their wastes to the soil, then
    they die and decay in the soil. They are
    contributing to the formation of __________.

35
  • Humus

36
Which of the following would be found in the B
horizon?
  • clay, minerals, and little humus.
  • humus only.
  • partly weathered rock.
  • topsoil.

37
  • A. clay, minerals, and little humus.

38
  • Plant growth and animal activity result in which
    type of weathering?

39
  • Mechanical weathering

40
  • Define contour plowing.

41
  • The practice of plowing fields along curves of a
    slope.

42
  • A marble statue is left exposed to the weather.
    Within a few years, the details on the statue
    have begun to weather away. What is the cause?

43
  • Carbonic acid in rainwater

44
  • In conservation plowing, why do farmers leave
    dead weeds and stalks of the previous years crop
    in the ground?

45
  • To retain moisture and hold soil in place
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