Title: Understanding%20the%20Food%20Chain%20
1- Understanding the Food Chain Natural Selection
Reminder student learning activities are at the
end of this power point.
2Next Generation Science/Common Core Standards
Addressed!
- HS-LS2-6. Evaluate the claims, evidence, and
reasoning that the complex interactions in
ecosystems maintain relatively consistent numbers
and types of organisms in stable conditions, but
changing conditions may result in a new
ecosystem. Clarification Statement Examples of
changes in ecosystem conditions could include
modest biological or physical changes, such as
moderate hunting or a seasonal flood and extreme
changes, such as volcanic eruption or sea level
rise. - HS-LS2-7.
- Evaluate the evidence for the role of group
behavior on individual and species chances to,
survive and reproduce. Clarification Statement
Emphasis is on (1) distinguishing between group
and individual behavior, (2) identifying evidence
supporting the outcomes of group behavior, and
(3) developing logical and reasonable arguments
based on evidence. Examples of group behaviors
could include flocking, schooling, herding, and
cooperative behaviors such as hunting, migrating,
and swarming.
3Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resource Standards
Addressed
- NRS.01.01.01.a. Summarize and classify the
different kinds of natural resources using common
classification schemes (e.g., living versus
non-living, renewable versus nonrenewable, native
versus introduced, etc.). - NRS.04.01.03.a. Identify and categorize
characteristics of a healthy wildlife habitat.
4Bell Work / Objectives
- Describe scientific classification and naming of
animal wildlife. - Identify life-sustaining processes in animal
wildlife. - Distinguish wildlife reproductive processes.
- Explain the major nutrient needs of animal
wildlife. - Describe the basic habitat requirements for
wildlife species.
5Terms
- Anatomy
- Asexual reproduction
- Biotic pyramid
- Circulatory system
- Class
- Cover
- Digestive system
- Excretory system
- Family
- Genus
- Integumentary system
- Invertebrates
- Kingdom
- Muscular system
- Nervous system
- Nutrient
6Terms
- Order
- Phylum
- Physiology
- Respiratory system
- Scientific name
- Sexual reproduction
- Skeletal System
- Space
- Species
- Vertebrate
7How do people get their names?
- Culture
- Family tradition
- Family names use the last names of people.
- Last names
- Could be that of its father but could be of its
mother or a combination of the two. - Given names are received at birth.
- Is your given name the same of a parent or
grandparent?
8What is the scientific classification and naming
of animal wildlife?
- Scientific classification is based on carefully
obtained information about animals. - A system of taxonomy is used consistently
worldwide. - Modern classification uses seven divisions or
stages.
97 Divisions of Classification
- Kingdom broadest classification.
- All living things are classified into five
divisions animalia, plantae, fungi, monera, and
protista.
107 Divisions of Classification
- Phylum second division is classification.
- The three most important phyla in studying
wildlife are chordata phylum, arthropoda phylum,
and mollusca phylum.
117 Divisions of Classification
- Class the third division in classification.
- Some important classes in the chordate phylum of
animals are Mammalia, Reptilia, and Aves.
127 Divisions of Classification (cont.)
- Order consists of animals that are more alike
than the class. - Orders are based on feeding characteristics.
137 Divisions of Classification (cont.)
- Family made up of animals that are more alike
than the orders and are often based on anatomical
features of animals. - Genus made up of very similar groups, but do
not naturally breed with each other.
147 Divisions of Classification (cont.)
- Species contains very similar individuals
within the same genus. - They are capable of breeding with each other, and
are sometimes divided into subspecies.
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16Scientific Name
- Every animal species has a scientific name.
- Scientists use these names worldwide based on
information about a species. - The scientific name of an animal is a combination
of the genus and species. The genus is the first
capitalized work followed by the species name.
17Scientific Name
- The scientific name is always written in italics
or underlined. - Scientific names will not change unless
information results in a new name for the species.
18Review
19What are life-sustaining processes in animal
wildlife?
- All animals have body systems that carry out life
processes. - Anatomy and physiology influence how organisms
live and go about life processes. - The way functions are carried out is influenced
by the form of the organ systems.
20Anatomy Physiology
- Anatomy the study of the form, shape, and
appearance of animals. - The differences are obvious to our eyes and make
it possible for each species to sustain itself in
its environment. - Physiology the study of the functions of parts
of the anatomy.
21Organ Systems
- Skeletal System body framework that gives the
body shape and protects the organs. - Wildlife animals have skeletal systems made of
bone, cartilage, or chitin. - Animals with backbones are known as vertebrates.
- Animals without backbones or internal skeletons
are called invertebrates.
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23Organ Systems
- Digestive System prepares the food for use by
the body - The major parts are the mouth, esophagus,
stomach, intestines, and the anus.
24Organ Systems
- Respiratory System responsible for taking in
oxygen and giving off carbon dioxide. - Many animals have lungs to breathe, while fish
have gills to filter the oxygen out of the water.
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26Organ Systems
- Muscular System creates bodily movement and
support with special tissues called muscles. - The muscles are attached to the skeletal system
by ligaments, which allow bodily movement.
27Organ Systems
- Circulatory System network of vessels that move
blood throughout the body. - The major organ in this system is the heart.
28Organ Systems
- Excretory System this system rids the body of
wastes, such as carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen,
and undigested solid food material.
29Organ Systems
- Nervous System conducts impulses back and forth
from the brain to the muscles. - Vertebrates have a spinal column containing a
spinal cord the major part of the nervous
system.
30Organ Systems
- Integumentary System this system consists of
the skin. - Skin protects the internal organs and gives shape
to the body. - It helps regulate temperature and provides a
place for hair, fur, and scales to grow.
31What is the wildlife reproductive process?
- Reproduction is the process by which a species
produces new organisms to perpetuate itself. - Two Types
- Sexual reproduction
- Asexual reproduction
32Sexual Reproduction
- Sexual Reproduction involves the union of the
sperm with the egg. - Sperm are the male sex cells produced in the
testes. - Eggs are the female sex cells produced in the
ovaries. - Mating involves a male and a female joining
together for the male to release sperm on or near
the egg(s) of a female. - Fertilization may occur internally or externally.
33Asexual Reproduction
- Asexual reproduction is producing new organisms
without the sexual union of male and female
cells. (There is no need for the union of an egg
and a sperm in asexual reproduction) - Asexual reproduction is common in plants, but not
in animals. - An approach to producing identical offspring is
by cloning or embryo splitting.
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36What are the major nutrient needs of animal
wildlife?
- Animals need food to live a long life and grow
into healthy organisms. - Nutritious food provides nutrients.
- Most animal food comes from two sources plants
and animals
37Nutritious Food
- A nutrient is a chemical substance in food that
supports life. - Essential nutrients are those that are needed to
provide for an organism depending on its stage in
life. - Energy nutrients are needed for an animal to be
active and carry out life processes. - These include carbohydrates and fats, such as
starches, sugars, and plant oils.
38Nutritious Food
- Protein is needed for growth, maintenance, and
reproduction. - It is used to build strong, new tissue and repair
old tissue. - Minerals are needed in many ways such as growth,
reproduction, and to build bones, shells, hooves,
teeth, and horns.
39Nutritious Food
- Vitamins are present in many foods and are needed
to regulate body functions. - The health of an animal depends largely on
adequate vitamins such as vitamins A, D, E, K,
and B complex.
40Food Sources plants animals
- Plant food material is eaten by herbivores.
- Herbivores are at the bottom of the food chain.
- Animal food sources are eaten by carnivores and
omnivores. - These animals tend to be at the middle to the top
of the food chain.
41What are the basic habitat requirements for
wildlife species?
- They must have life requirements that must be met
by their habitat in order to insure their
well-being. - Habitat is the physical area in which members of
a wildlife species live. - Habitat supports life processes.
42Basic Requirements
- All organisms require food.
- A key component of food is energy.
- The source of energy for all living things is the
sun. - The biotic pyramid is a series of transfers of
food energy from one organism to another.
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44Basic Requirements
- This is a graphical way of showing a food chain.
- An animals habitat needs to provide food year
round.
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46Basic Requirements
- Water is a basic need of life.
- It is not a food nutrient because it does not
supply energy. - Water determines the species of plants that will
grow in an area, and therefore determines the
wildlife species that live there. - Some examples of water sources for wildlife
animals are lakes, streams, rivers, and creeks.
47Basic Requirements
- Cover is the vegetation or other material that
provides safety in a habitat. - Animals use cover for nesting, resting,
protection, and escaping danger from predators.
48Basic Requirements
- Space is the area or territory around an
organism. - Space provides air, food sources, and cover.
- Space requirements vary from year to year and the
quality of habitat.
49Review / Summary
- What is the scientific classification and naming
of animal wildlife? - What are life-sustaining processes in animal
wildlife? - What is the wildlife reproductive process?
- What are the major nutrient needs of animal
wildlife? - What are the basic habitat requirements for
wildlife species?
50The End!
51Student Learning Activities
- Sample tests are available in the Lesson Plan
tab.
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54Name _______________________
Food Chains Worksheet
55Answers to Food Chains worksheet
56- Have students draw a waterfowl habit. Their habit
should include the animals in it, their space,
water, cover, and food.
57Here is an example of a waterfowl habitat. With
ducks, cover, food, water, and space.
58Here are some foldable ideas that you can have
your students fill out. You can ether have them
fill out what each tab means, or you can have
them fill out each tab for an animal.
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60KEY
61For this activity have students mash two
creatures together to create an new animal. After
they create (draw or Photoshop) their creature,
have them name and scientific name it and
describe its special characteristics. Have them
explain where it lives, what it eats, what eats
it,. Have students describe their animals
habitat. You can have them create a display and
present their animal to the class, or have them
write a report on their animal that includes a
picture. Here is an example animal that you can
show your students.
62- Have students draw the different organ systems of
a deer. They need to draw the skeletal system,
digestive system, respiratory system, muscular
system, circularly system, excretory system,
nervous system, integumentary system, and the
reproduction system. Have them draw the system on
the deer outline on the next slide.
63Name ____________________________ System
_____________________
64Name ________________________
65Raccoon Ladybug Black bear Rock Squirrel Mountain Lion Turkey Mule deer Bobcat Common name
Tayassuidae Ursus arctos Pituophis caternifer sayi Sylvilagus Crotalus atrox Oncorhynchus mykiss Cervus Canadensis Scientific name
Scientific Name Worksheet Fill in the table with
ether the common name or the scientific name.
Make sure that you write the scientific name
correctly
Name____________________
66Raccoon Javelina Ladybug Brown bear Black bear Bull snake Rock squirrel Cottontail rabbit Mountain Lion Western Diamondback rattlesnake turkey Rainbow trout Mule deer Elk Bobcat Common name
Procyon Lotor Tayassuidae Coccinellidae Ursus arctos Ursus americanus Pituophis caternifer sayi Otospermophilus variegatus Sylvilagus Felis Concolor Crotalus atrox Meleagris gallopavo Oncorhynchus mykiss Odocoileus humionus Cervus Canadensis Lynx rufus Scientific name
KEY
Scientific Name Worksheet Fill in the table with
ether the common name or the scientific name.
Name _____________________
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