Ch. 6.2 Classifying the Elements

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Ch. 6.2 Classifying the Elements
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Squares in the Periodic Table

• The table contains symbols and names of the
  elements, plus information about the structure of
  their atoms.
• Symbol for solids, liquids, gasses, and manmade
  elements are color-coded according to the tables
  legend.
• Background colors in the squares distinguish
  groups of elements.

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• Representative groups include Alkali Metals (1A),
  Alkali Earth Metals (2A), Transition Metals,
  Nonmetals, Halogens, Metalloids, Other Metals,
  and Noble Gasses.

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Electron Configuration in Groups

• Elements can be sorted into noble gasses,
  representative elements, transition metals, or
  inner transition metals based on their electron
  configurations.
• Noble gasses have completely filled s and p
  sublevels.

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Representative Elements

• Have a wide range of physical and chemical
  properties.
• The s and p sublevels of the highest occupied
  energy level are not filled.
• For any representative element, its group number
  indicates the number of electrons in the highest
  occupied energy level.

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Transition Elements

• In the periodic table, the A groups on the left
  side are separated from the A groups on the right
  side by the B groups, referred to as the
  transition elements.
• Transition metalsthe highest occupied s sublevel
  and a nearby d sublevel contain electrons.

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• Inner transition metalsbelow the main body of
  the periodic tablethe highest occupied s
  sublevel and a nearby f sublevel contain
  electrons.

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Blocks of Elements

• The s block contains elements in groups 1A and 2A
  plus helium.
• The p block contains elements in groups 3A, 4A,
  5A, 6A, 7A, and 8A, except for helium.
• Transition metals belong to d block. Principal
  energy level is one less than the period number.

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• Inner transition metals belong to f block.
  Principal energy level is two less than the
  period number.