PRONOUNS

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PRONOUNS
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Pronouns

• A pronoun is a word used in place of one or more
  nouns or pronouns.
• Example
• Ask Dan if Dan has done Dans homework.
• Ask Dan if he has done his homework.

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There are 3 types of personal pronouns

• A personal pronoun refers to.
• the one speaking 1st Person
• the one spoken to 2nd Person
• the one spoken about 3rd Person

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Practice with Pronoun Types

• Determine the type of each pronoun used.
• We like to use his games when we are at their
  house. You should try them. It is worth your
  time.

• We 1st
• his 3rd
• their 3rd
• You 2nd
• them 3rd
• It 3rd
• your 2nd

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Practice with Pronoun Types

• Determine the type of each pronoun used
• His aunt is a friend of mine. I have known her
  for years. They will both be coming to our
  performance whenever it occurs.

• His 3rd
• I 1st
• her 3rd
• They 3rd
• our 1st
• it 3rd

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There are 3 Cases of Personal Pronouns

• There are three cases nominative, objective, and
  possessive.
• The way a pronoun is used in a sentence
  determines its case.
• Subject pronouns use the nominative case.
• Predicate or object pronouns use the objective
  case.
• Possessive pronouns use the possessive case.
• Possessive pronouns function as adjectives in a
  sentence
• Possessive pronouns NEVER have apostrophes.
• If the pronoun I or me is part of a compound
  subject or object, it is polite to put yourself
  last.

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There are 3 Cases of Personal Pronouns

• When determining case
• First ask yourself Is this pronoun showing
  possession of something?
• If the answer is YES, the pronoun is in the
  possessive case
• If it does not show possession, look at where it
  is located in the sentence.
• If it is in the subject or refers to the subject
  it is nominative.
• If it is in the predicate and is different than
  the subject, it is objective.
• Heres a quick way to check
• ____________sees Bob. (nominative)
• Bob sees _____________. (objective)

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Pronoun Cases PracticeWhat case are the
following pronouns?

• I will be taking the bus to school.
• (I nominative)
• The bus is stopping for me.
• (me objective)
• They are my friends.
• (They nominative)
• (my possessive)

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Pronoun Cases PracticeWhat case are the
following pronouns?

• Our team is challenging them in the finals.
• (Our possessive)
• (them objective)
• She usually calls him on her cell phone.
• (She nominative)
• (him objective)
• (her possessive)

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Determining Type and Case
Type
3rd Person
1. She knows the answer.
Case
Nominative
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Determining Type and Case
Type
3rd Person
2. It is my turn.
Case
Nominative
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Determining Type and Case
Type
1st Person
3. Can you help me?
Case
Objective
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Determining Type and Case
Type
3rd Person
4. Tim always brings it.
Case
Objective
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Determining Type and Case
Type
2nd Person
5. You can bring the soda.
Case
Nominative
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Determining Type and Case
Type
3rd Person
6. That is his eraser.
Case
Possessive
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Determining Type and Case
Type
3rd person
7. I like to study with them.
Case
Objective
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Determining Type and Case
Type
1st Person
8. We will need the workbook.
Case
Nominative
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Determining Type and Case
Type
1st Person
9. This is our house.
Case
Possessive
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Determining Type and Case
Type
2nd Person
10. I will call you later.
Case
Objective
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Pronouns Antecedents

• An antecedent is the noun that the pronoun
  replaces.
• Examples
• Sharon always brings her purse to school.
• (her is the pronoun, Sharon is the antecedent)
• The book lists inventors, and it is fascinating.
• (it is the pronoun, book is the antecedent)

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Pronouns and Antecedents

• Brian is going to his class.
• Brian is the antecedent. It was replaced by the
  pronoun his.
• Scarlet and Maria are leaving their house right
  now.
• Scarlet and Maria are the antecedents. They are
  replaced with the pronoun their.
• The bus driver is parking, and he will be right
  back.
• Bus driver antecedent
• He pronoun

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Pronoun/Antecedent Agreement

• Pronouns and antecedents must agree on two items
• GENDER
• NUMBER
• Brian brought his friend to the party. (correct
  gender)
• Vera and Wendy are using their phones. (correct
  number)
• WHEN YOU USE PRONOUNS, MAKE SURE THAT THEIR
  ANTECEDENTS ARE CLEAR THIS IS KNOWN AS PRONOUN
  REFERENCE.

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DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS

• Demonstrative pronouns point out something and
  stand alone in a sentence.
• THIS
• THAT
• THESE
• THOSE
• That is a new chair.
• I found those in the forest.

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Demonstrative Adjectives

• IF THIS, THAT, THESE, AND THOSE ARE USED
  DIRECTLY BEFORE A NOUN RATHER THAN IN PLACE OF A
  NOUN, IT IS FUNCTIONING AS AN ADJECTIVE RATHER
  THAN AS A PRONOUN.
• This is a huge building. (demonstrative pronoun)
• This building is huge. (demonstrative adjective)

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Demonstrative Adjective or Demonstrative Pronoun?

• Where did you find that?
• Demonstrative pronoun
• That car is brand new.
• Demonstrative adjective
• This is the last time I can go.
• Demonstrative pronoun
• I cant wear those shoes.
• Demonstrative adjective

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The Interrogative Pronouns are

• What
• Which
• Who
• Whom
• Whose

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Interrogative Pronouns

• Interrogative pronouns introduce questions.
• What
• Which
• Who
• Whom
• Whose
• Who will be taking the bus to school?
• What is the answer to the question?

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Do I use who or whom?

• If you can remove the interrogative pronoun and
  replace with he or she the answer is who.
• If you can remove the interrogative pronoun and
  replace with him or her the answer is whom.
• Examples
• Who is not going?
• To whom am I speaking?

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Try the rule (Remember that you have to answer
the question that is being asked)

• (Who, Whom) is planning the party?
• He is planning the party. (HeWho)
• Do you know (who, whom) is coming?
• He is coming. (He Who)
• With (who, whom) are you going?
• I am going with him. (him whom)

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The Reflexive/Intensive Pronouns (8)

• SINGULAR
• Myself
• Yourself
• Himself
• Herself
• Itself

• PLURAL
• Themselves
• Ourselves
• Yourselves
• DO NOT USE hisself or theirselves

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Whats the difference between reflexive and
intensive pronouns?

• A reflexive pronoun directs the action of the
  verb back to the subject
• Becky will plan the party herself.
• An intensive pronoun adds emphasis to a noun or
  pronoun already named. The intensive pronoun
  comes DIRECTLY AFTER the noun it is emphasizing.
• Becky, herself, will plan the party.

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Indefinite Pronouns

• An indefinite pronoun does NOT refer to a
  particular person, place, or thing
• Some indefinite pronouns can be singular or
  plural depending on the phrases that follow the
  pronoun.
• Most of Ghandis life is well known Singular
• Most of his listeners were inspired Plural

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Indefinite Pronoun Examples

• SINGULAR
• Another
• Anybody
• Anyone
• Anything
• Each
• Either
• Everybody
• Everyone
• Everything
• Little
• Much
• Neither
• Nobody
• No one
• Nothing
• One
• Other
• Somebody

• PLURAL
• Both
• Few
• Many
• Others
• Several
• SINGULAR or PLURAL
• All
• Any
• More
• Most
• None
• some

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Indefinite Pronouns

• Whenever you use possessive pronouns with
  indefinite pronouns, you must make sure they
  agree with their antecedents in number and in
  gender.
• Many read their reports aloud plural
• Each reads his or her report Singular/ masculine
  or feminine
• Each of the girls raised her hand
  Singular/feminine
• body, one, and thing are all singular.
• Everybody take out his/her book.
• (Everybody is singular, so you must use his/her)