Consider the following questions in your groups:

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Consider the following questions in your groups

• Who is an example of an American writer or
  writing style (this would include a musician who
  writes his/her own lyrics)?
•   
• Who is an example of an American artist or art
  form (this would include any type of visual art)?
•   
• Why do you think that many people feel a sense of
  patriotism when someone from America accomplishes
  something recognized around the world?

2
essential question
How do the arts encourage nationalism and
redefine America in the early 1800s?
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Background

• Prior to the 1800s, American arts had mostly been
  religious or copying European styles and ideas.

Jonathan Edwards preaching
Thomas Jefferson and the Declaration of
Independence
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• By the 1800s, American arts are more original in
  their styles and subjects.

American themes and styles were fully apparent by
the early 1800s.
We first see respected art about American
subjects during the Revolutionary War in the
1770s, such as Peales George Washington.
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• Some ways this is often done

1. by helping to define America through your art
Annie Leibovitzs work such as Pocahontas
redefines American icons
Hip-hop fashion has redefined what America looks
like.
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2. by creating something uniquely American
DJ Kool Herc helped invent hip hop by
popularizing repetition of the break.
Jackson Pollocks abstract expressionism created
a unique American art form.
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3. by inspiring pride in your fellow Americans
We often dont notice this in Americans, but
rather in those from elsewhere who express their
pride in their fellow countrymen for example
Haitians are proud of the music career of Wyclef
Jean.
Argentineans are proud of Lionel Messis artistry
in motion on a soccer field.
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Early 1800s Literature
The Knickerbockers

• Noah Webster created the first American
  dictionary in 1806

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The Knickerbockers

• Washington Irving wrote stories set in New
  England and was celebrated in Europe.

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The Knickerbockers

• James Fenimore Cooper wrote adventure novels
  about the American frontier.

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The Transcendentalists

• Ralph Waldo Emerson was considered the Father of
  Transcendentalism.

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The Transcendentalists

• Henry David Thoreau was the most famous
  Transcendentalist in the world.

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The Romantics

• Nathaniel Hawthorne was most famous for The
  Scarlet Letter.

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The Romantics

• Edgar Allen Poe was most famous for tales of
  mystery and horror.

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Early 1800s Art

• Hudson River School was the first American school
  of artists.

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1-Your group will have one of the four artist
groups to investigate further by reading the
section on this page. Begin by reading
individually.
2-Discuss your answers in your groups. Add
anything to your answers that another group
member shares if you think it is important.
3-Each group needs an ambassador to teach other
groups about what your group learned. Find the
person in the group who has the most writing
utensils with him or her today.
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4-Now that person picks the ambassador.
5-Raise your hand if you are an ambassador. You
will have three minutes to teach what your
assigned artist group did to encourage
nationalism and to learn what another artist
group did to encourage nationalism.
6-Ambassadors have 30 seconds to find and sit
with a group that was assigned a different artist
group.
7-Ambassadors have 30 seconds to find a group
with yet another artist group.
8-Ambassadors may return to their seats.
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Which group did you not yet discuss?
Final note When you become a famous artist in
whatever you do, I will be proud to be a fellow
American and be happy to share in any income that
you might receive.