1. What gave the Jacksonians the edge in the 1828 election was their portrayal of Jackson as

1
1. What gave the Jacksonians the edge in the 1828
election was their portrayal of Jackson as

1. An aristocratic gentleman in the mold of
   Washington and Jefferson.
2. An intellectual, despite his limited formal
   education.
3. A military hero determined to make the United
   States a world power.
4. An authentic man of the common people.
5. A strong diplomat able to represent America
   abroad.

2
2. The first political party to hold a national
nominating convention was the

• Federalist Party
• Republican Party
• Democratic Party
• Whig Party
• Anti-Masonic Party

3
3. As the frontier expanded, the property
qualification to vote became almost meaningless
in the West because

1. So few owned land.
2. New ways had been found to keep the common man
   from voting.
3. Land was so easily obtained.
4. So few on the frontier wanted to vote.
5. Frontiersmen did not involve themselves in
   politics.

4
4. Jackson defended the spoils system by saying
that the system

1. Insured the best qualified men would be placed in
   important advisory positions.
2. Had been used successfully in Britain to
   determine appointment of ministers.
3. Insured cooperation among the President and his
   cabinet.
4. Policies would be established with greater
   continuity and consistency.
5. Was democratic in that the duties of public
   office were simple enough for any man of
   intelligence to accomplish.

5
5. Arrange the following events in chronological
orderA) Webster-Hayne DebateB) Missouri
CompromiseC) Corrupt BargainD) South
Carolina Exposition

• A. C, B, A, D
• B. D, B, C, A
• C. B, C, D, A
• D. C, A, B, D
• E. B, A, C, D

6
6. The Lowell System refers to which of the
following?

1. Chattel slavery.
2. Employment of young women that were housed in
   dormitories.
3. An early labor union founded by skilled workers.
4. A business organization with limited liability
   for its owners.
5. The development of workers cooperatives.

7
Andrew Jackson 1767 - 1845
Ms. Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS
Chappaqua, NY
8
Essential Question
Champion of the Common Man?
KingAndrew?
OR
9
What were the democratic trends in the 19c?
10
Voting Requirements in the Early 19c
11
Voter Turnout 1820 - 1860
12
Why Increased Democratization?

• White male suffrage increased
• Party nominating committees.
• Voters chose their states slate of Presidential
  electors.
• Spoils system.
• Rise of Third Parties.
• Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats,
  etc.)
• Two-party system returned in the 1832 election
• Dem-Reps ? Natl. Reps.(1828) ? Whigs
  (1832) ? Republicans (1854)
• Democrats (1828)

13
Jackson's Early Life
14
Jacksons First Hermitage Residence
15
First Known Painting of Jackson, 1815
16
General Jackson During the Seminole Wars
17
Jackson's First Presidential Run
18
The Common MansPresidential Candidate
19
Jacksons Opponents in 1824
Henry ClayKY
John Quincy AdamsMA
John C. CalhounSC
William H. CrawfordGA
20
Favorite Son Election of 1824Candidates
supported not by political parties, but by their
sections or regions

• South (most sectional)
• -Compact theory (States rights over natl. govt.)
• -National govt. was the creation of the states
  (states as final authority)
• KY / VA resolutions
• Locke/Rousseau (philosophers)
• North
• -National govt. authority over the states (final
  authority over the states)
• West
• -Held balance of power (voted with South or
  North)

Corrupt Bargain Election JQAdams / H. Clay
21
Results of the 1824 Election
A Corrupt Bargain?
22
What were the key issues in the election 1828?
23
Rachel Jackson Intense mudslinging between 2
factions of Rep. Party
NR - JQA DR - AJ
Final Divorce Decree
24
Jackson in Mourning for His Wife
25
1828 Election Results
26
The Center of Population in theCountry Moves WEST
Much support for Jackson came from west, south
and laborers on east coast - Common Man
27
Andrew Jackson - Era of Common ManSought to
balance states rights and national power

• Revolution of 1828
• No social upheaval in change of Power - like 1800
• JQA - 1st sitting pres removed since his father
  in 1800
• 1. New political role for the common man
• 2. Social revolution
• -Man is a creature capable of being perfected if
  the evil forces in the world are removed)
• 3. Reform movements begin

28
The New Jackson Coalition

• The Planter Elite in the South
• People on the Frontier
• State Politicians spoils system
• Immigrants in the cities.

29
Jacksons Faith in the Common Man

• Intense distrust of Easternestablishment,
  monopolies, special privilege.
• His heart soul was with theplain folk.
• Belief that the common man was capable of
  uncommon achievements.

30
The Reign of King Mob
31
Andrew Jackson as President
32
Issues within his Administration
33
The Peggy Eaton Affair within his cabinet

• Jacksons Kitchen Cabinet
• Spoils System

34
Jackson's Native-American Policy
35
Indian Removal

• Jacksons Goal?
• 1830 ? Indian Removal Act
• Cherokee Nation v. GA (1831) domestic
  dependent nation
• Worcester v. GA (1832)
• Jackson John Marshall has made his
  decision, now let him enforce it!

36
The Cherokee Nation After 1820
37
Indian Removal
38
Trail of Tears (1838-1839)
39
Jacksons Professed Love forNative Americans
40
The Webster-Hayne Debate
Sen. Daniel WebsterMA
Sen. Robert HayneSC
41
1830
Webster Liberty and Union, now and
forever, one and inseparable.
Jackson Our Federal Unionit must be
preserved.
Calhoun The Union, next to our liberty,
most dear.
42
The Tariff Issue
43
1832 Tariff Conflict

• 1828 --gt Tariff of Abomination
• 1832 --gt new tariff
• South Carolinas reaction?
• Jacksons response?
• Clays Compromise Tariff?

44
The Nullification Issue
45
Renewing the Charter of the 1st National Bank
46
Clay sought to ram renewal of charter through,
make it an election of 1832 issue. Put Jackson in
a pickle. Jackson used Veto Jacksons Use of
Federal Power
VETO
1830 - used veto for? Maysville Road project in
KY state of his political rival, Henry
Clay Used veto 12 times
47
The National Bank Debate
PresidentJackson
NicholasBiddle
48
Opposition to the 2nd B.U.S.
Soft(paper)
Hard(specie)

• state bankers feltit restrained theirbanks from
  issuingbank notes freely.
• supported rapid economic growth speculation.

• felt that coin was the only safecurrency.
• didnt like any bankthat issued banknotes.
• suspicious of expansion speculation.

49
The Monster Is Destroyed!

• pet banks?
• 1832 ? Jackson vetoed the extension of
  the 2nd National Bank of the
  United States.
• 1836 ? the charter expired.
• 1841 ? the bank went bankrupt!

50
The Downfall of Mother Bank
51
An 1832 Cartoon KingAndrew?
52
1832 Election Results
Main Issue?
53
The Specie Circular (1836)

• wildcat banks.
• buy future federalland only with gold orsilver.
• Jacksons goal?
• Destroy BUS

54
Results of the Specie Circular

• Banknotes loose their value.
• Land sales plummeted.
• Credit not available.
• Businesses began to fail.
• Unemployment rose.

The Panic of 1837!
55
The 1836 Election Results
Martin Van Buren Old KinderhookO. K.
56
The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!
57
Andrew Jackson in Retirement
58
Photo of Andrew Jackson in 1844(one year before
his death)
1767 - 1845
59
Important Issues

• 1836 Texas - Abandoned with purchase of Florida
  1819
• 1823 Stephen Austin granted Texas
• friction existed between Mexico and Texas over
  slavery, immigration, local rights.
• 1835 Santa Anna outlawed local rights
• 1836 - Texas declared Independent
• Santa Anna tried to exert control.
• Goliad 342, Alamo
• Sam Houstons army victorious at San Jacinto
• Some wanted annexation became Independent
  Republic of Texas
• Panic of 1837
• Treasury Bill of 1840
• Creates Independent Treasury System

60
Other Notable Parties

• National Republicans (1828 - 1830s)
• John Quincy Adams / Henry Clay
• Opposition to Jackson / For American System
• Liberty (1840 1844)
• First anti-slavery party (James G. Birney)
• Abolition of slavery by political and legal means
• Free Soil (1848)
• Whigs Liberty Party members (MVB)
• Prevent extension of slavery in West / Free
  Homesteads
• Free Soil, Free Speech, Free Labor, Free Men!
• American (Know-Nothing) (1850s)
• Millard Fillmore
• Opposition to immigrants and Catholics