The American Pageant

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The American Pageant

• Chapter 13

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Election of 1824

• Republican only election

John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, Andrew Jackson and
William H. Crawford
Nationalist-Republicans Democratic Republicans
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Election Results
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The Corrupt Bargain

• Jackson won majority of the popular vote, but not
  electoral
• 12th amendment House votes between top 3
• Henry Clay Speaker of House
• Disliked Jackson held same ideals as Adams
• Quincy Adams Appointed President
• Clay became Secretary of State

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House of Representatives Vote
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John Quincy Adams (6th president)

• Unproductive and unsupported president
• Lacked character and disposition of most
  presidents
• Nationalist in a growing sectionalist country
• South against taxes and government in slavery
• West against Adams desire to curb speculation

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Election of 1828

• Jackson elected over Quincy Adams as a
  Democratic-Republican
• Strong southern support
• 1st president elected from west (TN)

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Spoils System

• Electing those who helped to elect you

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Tariff of Abominations (1828)

• Tariff on imported goods
• Protected the north from European competition
• Hurt the south
• Lack of choice
• Lack of say in tariff prices
• Britain could not afford to pay for imports from
  U.S.

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South Carolina Exposition and Protest

• Written by V.P. Calhoun in response to the tariff
  after Jackson failed to repeal it
• Warned of S.C. secession
• Doctrine of nullification state had a right to
  reject federal law if unconstitutional

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Attempts to Reconcile

• Tariff of 1832 lowered tariff
• Did not resolve tariff
• Tariff of 1833 reduced tariff by 10 over 8
  years
• Presented by Henry Clay (now a Senator)
• Appeased South

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Trail of Tears

• Indian Removal Act (1830) moved 100,000 natives
  west of the Mississippi
• 5 civilized tribes Cherokees, Creeks,
  Choctaws, Chickasaws and Seminoles hardest hit

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Jackson and the Bank

• Bank too monopolistic and private institution who
  was accountable only to the elite

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Bank War of 1832

• Webster and Clay pushed to have charter renewed
• Jackson vetoed the bill
• "unauthorized by the Constitution, subversive to
  the rights of States, and dangerous to the
  liberties of the people
• Bank charter expired in 1836

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Election of 1832

• New Party Nullifier
• John Floyd
• Won only SC
• New Party Anti-Masonic Party
• William Wirt
• Opposed Masonic order (people of privilege and
  monopoly)
• Jackson was a mason although he was against
  monopolies

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Election of 1832

• Jackson easily wins reelection against Clay
• Van Buren V.P.

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Financial Woes

• Used National Banks to pay for government
  operations
• Other federal funds put in pet banks
• Smaller banks began producing wildcat currency
• Unreliable
• Specie Circular all public lands must be bought
  with hard currency
• Led to panic of 1837

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The Whigs

• Supported government programs, reforms and public
  schools
• Internal improvements
• Party of the Common Man
• Democrats the party of corruption

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Democrats

• Rights of the individual
• Supported states' rights fed
• Federal restraint in social and economic affairs.

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Election of 1836
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Election of 1836

• Van Buren elected
• Whigs defeated because of lack of unity behind
  one person

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Spain, Mexico and Texas

• 1824 a poor Mexico declared independence from
  Spain
• Loosened immigration restrictions to help prevent
  Native American raids
• Texans led by Houston
• 1830 Pres Bustamante prevented immigration,
  levied taxes and prohibited slavery

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Lone Star Rebellion

• Texas declared independence from Mexico in 1836
• Sam Houston
• Alamo
• Texan defeat led to many joining army
• Battle of San Jacinto
• Defeat of Mexicans
• Santa Anna captured forced to sign peace treaty
• North did not want Texas admitted as a state
• Not admitted to 1845

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The Alamo
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Battle of San Jacinto
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Election of 1840

• William Henry Harrison defeats Van Buren
• Panic of 1837

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Tippecanoe and Tyler Too
Heavily Campaigned