Chapter%2024:%20Alternative%20Health%20Modalities

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Chapter 24 Alternative Health Modalities
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Learning Objectives

• Explain each classification of CAM.
• Discuss nursing interventions associated with the
  most popular herbal products.
• Compare the benefits and drawbacks of the diets
  identified under natural products.

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Learning Objectives (contd)

• Distinguish the differences between veritable and
  putative energy fields.
• Discuss why older adults may use CAM.
• Contrast Ayurveda and traditional Chinese
  medicine (TCM) systems.
• Discuss the benefits and supports for mindbody
  interventions.

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What is Complementary and Alternative Medicine?

• NCCAM defines CAM as a group of diverse medical
  and health care systems, practices, and products
  that are not presently considered part of
  conventional medicine .(Table 24-1, P. 832)
• Many of these modalities are considered
  mainstream in other countries

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Classifications of Complementary and Alternative
Medicine

• 1. Natural Products
• includes botanicals, animal-derived extracts,
  vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, proteins,
  prebiotics and probiotics, whole diets, and
  functional foods
• Vegetarian, macrobiotic, Atkins, Pritikin,
  Ornish, and Zone are examples of whole diets
  included in the biologically based category (p.
  833)

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Classifications of CAM (contd)

• 10 Most Used Natural Products (T. 24-4, P. 836
  case study 24-1)

Echinacea Ginseng Ginko biloba Garlic supplements Glucosamine St. Johns Wort Peppermint Fish oils/omega fatty acids Ginger supplements Soy supplements
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Classifications of CAM (contd)

• Black Cohosh good for menopause relief
• Saw Palmetto good for benign prostate
  hypertrophy
• Echinacea Increase immune
• 4 G Do not use with Warfarin
• Garlic natural antibiotics,
  decrease cholesterol BP
• Ginger helps N/V, joint pain
• Gingko biloba improve memory
  function
• Ginseng increase stamina
• Aloe soothing sunburn
• St. Johns wort increase immune, do not use
  with antidepressant meds.
• Kava Do not use with antianxiety meds.

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Classifications of CAM(contd)

• 2. Manipulative and body-based practices
• Chiropractice helping place the body in proper
  alignment.
• Research supports use of chiropractic for
  migraines and cervicogenic headaches
• Massage therapy
• low-risk intervention, but contraindicated under
  circumstances such as deep vein thrombosis,
  burns, skin infections, eczema, open wounds, bone
  fractures, and advanced osteoporosis

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Classifications of Complementary and Alternative
Medicine (contd)

• 3. Mind-body interventions
• Prayer
• Deep breathing
• Meditation
• Yoga
• Biofeedback
• Tai chi
• Guided imagery
• Pet therapy
• Music therapy

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Classifications of Complementary and Alternative
Medicine (contd)

• Guided imagery Relieve Stress
• http//www.healthjourneys.com/Store/Products/Relie
  ve-Stress-Health-Journeys/26

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Classifications of CAM (contd)

• 4. Whole medical systems
• Homeopathy when someone is out of balance,
  health problems will develop
• Naturopathic medicine healing power of nature
• Ayurveda emphasizes prevention and encourages
  maintaining health, rooted in the ancient Hindu
• Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Yin Yang
• Acupuncture, Exercise (Tai Chi)
• Herbal medicine Dietary therapy
• Massage Lifestyle modification

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Classifications of CAM (contd)

• 5. Energy Medicine
• Veritable energy fields Can be measured
• Mechanical vibration
• Electromagnetic forces
• Music, light, magnets
• Putative energy fields Cannot be measured
• Reiki healing through manipulation of qi
• qi gong manipulating qi (energy) through
  meditation/movement
• healing (or therapeutic) touch
• prayer for the health of others (intercessory
  prayer)

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Classifications of Complementary and Alternative
Medicine (contd)

• Therapeutic (healing) touch
• Reiki no evidence that therapeutic touch
  promotes the healing of wounds
• Sound energy therapy
• Theory that specific frequencies facilitate the
  bodys healing
• Music therapy
• Light therapy for seasonal affective disorder

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Reasons for Complementary and Alternative
Medicine Use

• Pain relief
• Quality of life
• Health and fitness
• Belief systems
• Difficulty accessing traditional medical care or
  medications

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Nursing Interventions

• During assessments, nurses should ask patients
  about their use of CAM in a nonjudgmental way
• Includes herbal medicines, natural products,
  vitamin and mineral supplements these can
  interfere with medications and produce side
  effects

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Summary

• Nurses have responsibility to knowledgeable about
  modalities clients may be using
• 80 of worlds population estimated to use some
  form of CAM
• Effectiveness of CAM in older populations has not
  been well researched.