Egyptian Gods

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Egyptian Gods Goddess
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Ra / Re / Amen-Ra

• King of the Gods
• Sun god
• Falcon head with a sun on top.
• Sometimes seen as the creator of men (Egyptians
  called themselves "the cattle of Ra)
• Since heaven and the underworld have water, Ra
  uses a boat (Madjet (strong) while rising and
  Semektet ("becoming weak") when setting. He
  often has help from other gods to successfully
  navigate his boat.
• He constantly had to fight monsters (Sebau, Nak,
  and Apep)
• The phoenix is one of his symbols

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Osiris

• God of the earth and agriculture
• Symbolized the yearly drought and flooding of the
  Nile.
• Gave Egypt civilization.
• Married his sister, Isis
• Osiris rules Egypt and he leaves Isis in charge
  when he is gone
• Set and 72 conspirators kill him by chopping him
  up into pieces
• Isis found almost all the pieces and put him back
  together (making the missing part out of clay)
• King of the afterlife
• Usually shown as a bearded, mummified human with
  green skin and wearing the atef crown. His hands
  come out from the mummy wrappings and hold the
  flail and crook.

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Horus

• Falcon headed
• The Pharaoh was supposed to be his earthly
  embodiment.
• Son of Osiris (after his resurrection)
• Set is always trying to hurt him
• In art, he is often shown standing on crocodiles
• His sons are born from Isis. Each take care of
  the organs during the mummification process
• Duamutef (stomach)
• Imsety (liver)
• Hapi (lungs)
• Qebehsenuef (intestines)

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Nephthys

• Wife of Seth
• Anubis mom
• Protector of women

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Isis

• Isis was the sister/wife of Osiris
• Shown as a a woman wearing a vulture head-dress
  and the solar disk between a pair of horns
• May be one of the judges of the dead
• Has great magical powers
• Created the cobra and uses the cobra bite to make
  Ra reveal to her his secret name
• The purest example of the loving wife and mother

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Set

• God of evil, the desert, storms, and chaos
• A devil figure
• Antelopes are sacred to him
• Hates Osiris (jealous)
• Kills Osiris and becomes king before he is killed
  by Horus
• Part pig and part donkey

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Hathor

• Usually depicted as a cow or as a beautiful woman
  wearing a horned headdress
• She is both wife/ daughter of Ra
• Also married Horus
• She offers food and drink to the dead
• Women aspire to be her

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Anubis

• Son of Nephthys and either Set or Ra adopted
  servant of Isis
• Head of a jackal
• Guides the dead to the underworld and weighs
  their heart (bad deeds make your heart weigh
  more)
• Works with Osiris in the underworld
• Mummification god

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Ammut

• Eater of the Dead
• She stands by the scales of the hearts and eats
  the hearts of the wicked (a final death)
• Head of a crocodile, body of a leopard, hind legs
  of a hippo (apparently wicked hearts are
  fattening who knew?)

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Aten

• The actual disk of the sun
• His hands are the suns rays
• May be the creator of men

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Nut

• The Sky
• brother Geb (the earth)
• Father Shu (air)

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Thoth

• Moon god
• Head of an ibis
• Scribe (records the weight of the hearts in the
  underworld)
• Invented writing
• From the Book of the DeadHear the word of the
  very truth. I have judged the heart of the
  deceased, and his soul stands witness for him.
  His deeds are righteous in the great balance and
  no sin has been found in him.

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Bast

• Cat-headed
• Goddess of love and childbirth
• Cats are sacred (many catswere mummified in her
  honor

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Bes

• Popular, household god
• Dwarf
• Frightens evil spirits away
• Hangs out with Taweret, a goddess of childbirth
  (she is scary looking)
• Roman soldiers wore amulets with his likeness for
  protection

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Hapy

• God of the Nile floods
• Keeps the land and river fertile
• He has long hair and a protruding stomach and
  also a beard and is blue
• In some areas, he was worshipped over Ra

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Neith

• A mother goddess
• Invented childbirth
• Created gods, humans, and animals
• Warrior goddess
• Once she spit into the Nile and this spit turned
  into Apep, a serpent who lives in the underworld
  and tries to eat Ra each night

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Sekhmet

• Lion headed
• Wife of Ptah (an early creator god)
• Breathes fire against her enemies
• Delivers punishment to the gods