MALE%20REPRODUCTIVE%20SYSTEM

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MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

• It is a series of ducts and tubules.
• It has components in the abdomen, pelvis and
  perineum.
• The major components are
• Testis.
• Epididymis.
• Ductus deferens.
• Ejaculatory ducts. (On each side).

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MALE GENITAL ORGANS

• Three types of accessory glands are associated
• Unpaired Prostate.
• A Pair of Seminal vesicles.
• A Pair of Bulbourethral glands.

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VAS DEFERENS (PELVIC PART)

• It descends along the lateral pelvic wall.
• It crosses the ureter at the ischial spine.

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VAS DEFERENS

• It runs downward and medially along the posterior
  surface of the bladder.
• Its terminal part is dilated to form the Ampulla
  of the vas deferens.
• The inferior end of the ampulla narrows and
  shares in forming the ejaculatory ducts.

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EJACULATORY DUCTS

• They are formed by the union of the lower end of
  the vas deferens and the duct of the seminal
  vesicle.
• The ducts pierce the posterior surface of the
  prostate.

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EJACULATORY DUCTS

• They open into the prostatic urethra, close to
  the margins of the prostatic utricle.
• They drain the seminal fluid into the prostatic
  urethra.

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SEMINAL VESICLES

• Two lobulated organs (5) cm long.
• Lying on the posterior surface of the bladder.
• They are formed of a much coiled tube embedded in
  a connective tissue.

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SEMINAL VESICLES

• Upper ends
• Widely separated.
• Lower ends
• Close together.
• Medial
• Terminal part of the vas deferens.

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SEMINAL VESICLES

• Posterior
• The rectum.
• Inferior
• They form the ejaculatory ducts.

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SEMINAL VESICLES

• Function
• Their secretion contributes to increase the
  volume of the semen.
• It can nourish the spermatozoa.

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PROSTATE

• It is unpaired accessory structure of the male
  reproductive system.
• It surrounds the urethra in the pelvic cavity.

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SHAPE

• It is conical in shape.
• Its base lies against the neck of the bladder.
• Its apex lies against the urogenital diaphragm.

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RELATIONS

• Superior
• Neck of the bladder.
• The urethra enters the center of the base of the
  prostate.
• The smooth muscle of the two organs is continuous.

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RELATIONS

• Anterior
• Symphysis pubis.
• It is separated from it by retropubic pad of fat
  (in cave of Retzius).
• Its fibrous sheath is connected to the pubic
  bones by puboprostatic ligaments.

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RELATIONS

• Posterior
• Rectal ampulla.
• It is separated from it by rectovesical septum
  (fascia of Denonviller).
• It is formed in the fetal life by fusion of the
  inferior extension of the rectovesical pouch.

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PROSTATE

• The ejaculatory ducts pierce the upper part of
  the posterior surface.

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RELATIONS

• Lateral
• Anterior fibers of levator ani (levator prostate).

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STRUCTURE

• It is surrounded by a fibrous capsule
  (internally) and a fibrous sheath (from the
  pelvic visceral fascia) externally.

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STRUCTURE

• The glands are embedded in a mixture of smooth
  muscle and connective tissue.
• They open in the prostatic urethra.

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LOBES

• It is incompletely divided into (5) lobes
  (according to urethra).
• Anterior
• In front of the urethra.
• It has no glandular tissue.

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LOBES

• Median (middle).
• It is wedge in shape.
• It is between the urethra and the ejaculatory
  ducts.
• Its upper part forms the uvula vesicae in the
  trigone.
• It is rich in glands.

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LOBES

• Posterior
• It is behind the urethra, below the ejaculatory
  ducts.
• It has glandular tissue.

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LOBES

• Lateral (right and left)
• Lie on either side of the urethra.
• They are rich in glands.
• They are connected to each other by a vertical
  groove on the posterior surface of the prostate.

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FUNCTION

• It produces thin milky fluid that added to the
  seminal fluid at the time of ejaculation.
• It is alkaline secretion.
• It neutralizes the acidity of the vagina.

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ARTERIAL SUPPLY

• Prostatic branches from
• Inferior vesical.
• Middle rectal.

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VENOUS DRAINAGE

• Prostatic venous plexus
• It is between the capsule and the fibrous sheath.
• It receives
• Vesical veins.
• Deep dorsal vein of the penis.
• It drains into
• Internal iliac vein.

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NERVE SUPPLY

• Inferior hypogastric plexus.
• The sympathetic fibers stimulate the smooth
  muscle in the capsule and stroma to contract
  during ejaculation.

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PROSTATIC URETHRA

• It is the widest and most dilatable part of the
  urethra.
• It is (3cm) long.
• It begins at the neck of the bladder.
• It passes through the prostate from the base to
  the apex.
• It continues with the membranous part of the
  urethra.

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PROSTATIC URETHRA

• On the posterior wall
• 1. Urethral crest
• A longitudinal ridge.
• 2. Prostatic sinus
• It is a groove on each side of the crest.
• The prostatic glands open in the sinuses.

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POSTERIOR WALL

• 3. Prostatic utricle
• It is a depression on the summit of the urethral
  crest.
• It is analog to the uterus and vagina in female.
• The ejaculatory ducts open on the edge of the
  mouth of the utricle.