Title: Infrastructure Networks in Central Europe and the EU enlargement
1Infrastructure Networks in Central Europe and
the EU enlargement
- Fleischer Tamás
- Institute for World Economics of the Hungarian
Academy of Sciences - lttfleisch_at_vki.hugt
POLISH-HUNGARIAN WORKSHOP Warsaw, 2002 October
7-8.
2Infrastructure Networks in Central Europe and
the EU enlargement
- - About the spatial dimension of sustainability
- - Critical remarks on the planned development
of the interregional corridors - - Suggestions for a possible structural
improvement of the interregional corridors - - Summary of the general findings
3About the spatial dimension of sustainability (1)
- The general sustainability approach focus on the
time dimension of sustainability taking care on
the environmental conditions of the future
generations (inter-generational solidarity) - Also important approach is the requirement of the
intra-generational solidarity - (touched rather
its social, security, political, cultural,
globalisation components ) Can also be mentioned
as spatial solidarity and spatial
interdependence. - Inter-generational connection is a one-way
relation it is our responsibility for future
generations, - they cant do anything for us.. - Intra-generational relation is a two-ways
relation the activity of others can also effect
our circumstances and possibilities. We have to
count on their solidarity, but this is not
enough, we must also do for defending our
environment. Sustaining our activity in a
changing environment out of the solidarity we
need also a kind of self-defence.
4About the spatial dimension of sustainability (2)
- Manuel Castells sustainability is also a fight
for control over space out of control over time.
Space of places must retain its autonomy and its
meaning independently from the evolution and
dynamics of the space of flows - Space of place is our physical environment that
has meaning and importance for us, with its
order, culture, rules, and internal structures.
Space of flows is the field of force of the
effects arriving from outside. This latter is not
a continuous space, but space of individual
effects. Castells do not want to exclude
external impacts and do not deny the possibility
of internal changes, just underlines that too
rapid and too sudden external effects not serve,
but rather disintegrate internal relations and
structures. - defence is needed against.
5About the spatial dimension of sustainability (3)
- Above terms can be translated to economic and
transport relations using terms as provision,
(connections of the space of places) and.
accessibility, through traffic and by-passing.
(trajectories of the space of flows)
Different network relations relative to a region
Source After Plogmann (1980), with own additions.
6About the spatial dimension of sustainability (4)
The different network patterns of the western and
the eastern side of the Polish railway network
Source Ray, Violette (1991) Borders versus
Networks in Eastern Central Europe. Flux,
Vol.1. No.3.
7About the spatial dimension of sustainability (5)
The 20 of Polish gminas with lowest own income
per capita, 1998
Source Gorzelak G Jalowiecki B (2002)
European Boundaries Unity or Division of the
Continent? Regional Studies, Vol.36. No.4.
8Critical remarks on the planned development of
the interregional corridors (1)
- Single network to the single market The main
target of the 1992 EU Common Transport Policy
(CTP) was to interconnect the existing national
networks. The CTP didnt deal with the internal
problems of individual national networks, but
with the common level. - Trans-European Networks (TEN) (overlapping
level) the structure more-or-less has been formed
by 1989, the collapse of the iron-curtain hardly
influenced the plans (1992, 1996) - Pan-European Corridors the extension of the TEN,
with dominating east-west relations. Only one
(No IX ) corridor offers extensive north-south
connection, the others are incidental and
imperfect (1991, 1994, 1997)
9Critical remarks on the planned development of
the interregional corridors (2)
Source http//www.khvm.hu/EU-integracio/A_magyaro
rszagi_TINA_halozat/Image11.gif The Helsinki-, or
pan-European transport corridors
10Critical remarks on the planned development of
the interregional corridors (1)
- Single network to the single market The main
target of the 1992 EU Common Transport Policy
(CTP) was to interconnect the existing national
networks. The CTP didnt deal with the internal
problems of individual national networks, but
with the common level. - Trans-European Networks (TEN) (overlapping
level) the structure more-or-less has been formed
by 1989, the collapse of the iron-curtain hardly
influenced the plans (1992, 1996) - Pan-European Corridors the extension of the TEN,
with dominating east-west relations. Only one
(No IX ) corridor offers extensive north-south
connection, the others are incidental and
imperfect (1991, 1994, 1997) - TINA (Transport Infrastructure Needs Assessment)
The backbone network is identical with the
pan-European network, the concerned countries
might recommend additional elements of secondary
priority to the network. (1995-1999)
11Critical remarks on the planned development of
the interregional corridors (3)
- Hungarian Transport Policy (1996) in spite of
the balanced five strategic pillars, the
promotion of the integration to the EU got a
dominant role and in such an understanding that
it needs the urgent construction of the
corridors. By that way the inter-regional level
of relations (the carrier of the space of
flows) had been emphasised at an unjustified
extent at the expense of the inter-city and
inter-village relations (that is the background
of the space of places) within the whole
transport system - Functions to be balanced from the point of view
of the transport inter-village relations,
inter-city relations, inter-regional relations. - Functions to be balanced from the point of view
of the region provision, accessibility,
transition (and by-pass).
12What is more, in Hungary we plan the
transit-corridors in a mistaken structure (1)
Hungarian interpretation of pan-European
corridors 1998 (and since)
Source Útgazdálkodás 1994-1998 Min. of
Transport, Communication etc.
13What is more, in Hungary we plan the
transit-corridors in a mistaken structure (2)
The secondary road network of Hungary
Source OTAB Database
14What is more, in Hungary we plan the
transit-corridors in a mistaken structure (3)
The main road network of Hungary
Source OTAB Database
15What is more, in Hungary we plan the
transit-corridors in a mistaken structure (4)
The existing motorway network of Hungary
Source Homepage of the Hungarian Ministry of
Economic and Transport Affairs
16What is more, in Hungary we plan the
transit-corridors in a mistaken structure (5)
The under-standing of the pan-European corridors
in Hungary
Source Útgazdálkodás 1994-1998 Min. of
Transport, Communication etc.
17What is more, in Hungary we plan the
transit-corridors in a mistaken structure (6)
Helsinki corridors and additional elements of the
TINA network
Source A 8. sz. foút fejlesztési feladatai...
UKIG Hálózatfejlesztési Foosztálya 2000. szept. 13
18Suggestions for a possible structural
improvement of the inter-regional corridors (1)
- Three theses for the model of the interregional
corridors in Hungary - The interregional network, in compliance with its
function, should be created with a structure
separated from the secondary and main road
networks, as one of the levels of the
multi-layered transport structure. - Instead of the earlier suggested single-centred.
radial-orbital system, today, in an open country,
the development of an open grid structure should
be set as the target.. - Due to Hungarys location, ( partly as an
advantage but partly as disadvantage), the
transit traffic of the busiest Pan-European
Corridors has to be reckoned with. The aim is
that the through-traffic should disturb the life
of the country as little as possible. (cross the
country with the minimum total length, avoid
ecologically sensitive or densely populated areas
and those with heavy traffic loads, encourage the
use of vehicles and transport modes that pollute
the environment less etc.)
19Suggestions for a possible structural
improvement of the inter-regional corridors (2)
Main elements three east-west corridors, four
north-south corridors and additional diagonal
elements.
The suggested crossing of Pan-European Corridors
IV and V are marked by the thick line . The
model also demonstrates two sensitive areas (the
resort area of Lake Balaton and the conurbation
of Budapest) through which it would not be
practical to force transit traffic.
20Suggestions for a possible structural
improvement of the inter-regional corridors (3)
21Suggestions for a possible structural
improvement of the inter-regional corridors (4)
22Suggestions for a possible structural
improvement of the inter-regional corridors (5)
23Suggestions for a possible structural
improvement of the inter-regional corridors (6)
Source Fleischer Tamás Magyar Emoke Tombácz
Endre Zsikla György (2001) A Széchenyi Terv
autópálya-fejlesztési programjának stratégiai
környezeti hatásvizsgálata. 109 p. A Budapesti
Közgazdaságtudományi és Államigazgatási Egyetem
Környezettudományi Intézetének tanulmányai, 6.
szám. Sorozatszerkeszto Kerekes Sándor és Kiss
Károly. Budapest, 2001 december
24Summary of the general findings
- (1) Requirement of a multi-layer transport
network. We admit the importance of interregional
corridors, but consider them as one layer of the
whole system of transport networks. The
(economic, social, cultural etc.) development and
the sustainability of the different regions
equally need the well functioning operation of
each layers of the transport system. - (2) Necessity of the isotropity of the transport
network. (Equal importance to each direction) For
the Central and Eastern part of Europe a greater
priority was given in the nineties to the
directions ended in the EU while secondary
importance to the internal interregional
relations. - (3) Avoiding to reinforce the over-centralised
national structure. - (4) These models and principles has to be debated
first and accept a consolidated form of them. The
next step would be - based on a set of adopted
principles, - a revision of the old desires
studying to what extent they serve the present
targets and objectives - or they give answers on
the questions of the past.
25Infrastructure Networks in Central Europe and
the EU enlargement
- Fleischer Tamás
- Institute for World Economics of the Hungarian
Academy of Sciences - lttfleisch_at_vki.hugt
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION !
POLISH HUNGARIAN WORKSHOP Warsaw, 2002 October
7-8.
26(No Transcript)