WELCOME%20TO%20BLUETOOTH%20TECHNOLOGY

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WELCOME TO BLUETOOTH TECHNOLOGY
Presented By M.L.Nikhil(09MD1A0438), III
E.C.E G.J.S.Pavan Kumar(09MD1A0417), III E.C.E
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HISTORY OF

• The word "Bluetooth" is taken from the 10th
  century Danish King Harald Bluetooth.

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DEFINITION

• Bluetooth is a high-speed, low-power microwave
  wireless link technology, designed to connect
  phones, laptops and other portable equipment
  together with little or no work by the user.
• The effective range of Bluetooth devices is 32
  feet (10 meters). Bluetooth transfers data at the
  rate of 1 Mbps. It is also known as the IEEE
  802.15 standards

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Special Interest Group
Bluetooth SIG is responsible for encouraging and
supporting research and development in Bluetooth
technology.
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Why bluetooth?

• Cable replacement between devices.
• Supported by major companies.
• Open Specification
• Low power consumption
• Connection can be initiated without user
  interaction.
• Devices can be connected to multiple devices at
  the same time.

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Technical features
Connection Type Spread Spectrum (Frequency Hopping) Time Division Duplex (1600 hops/sec)
Spectrum 2.4 GHz ISM Open Band (79 MHz of spectrum 79 channels)
Modulation Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying
Transmission Power 1 mw 100 mw
Data Rate 1 Mbps
Range 30 ft
Supported Stations 8 devices
Data Security Authentication Key 128 bit key
Data Security Encryption Key 8-128 bits (configurable)
Module size 9 x 9 mm
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Operation
Bluetooth FHSS

• Employs frequency hopping spread spectrum
• Reduce interference with other devices
• Pseudorandom hopping
• 1600 hops/sec- time slot is defined as 625
  microseconds

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Time-Division Duplex Scheme

• Channel is divided into consecutive slots (each
  625 ?s)
• One packet can be transmitted per slot
• Subsequent slots are alternatively used for
  transmitting and receiving
• Strict alternation of slots between the master
  and the slaves
• Master can send packets to a slave only in EVEN
  slots
• Slave can send packets to the master only in the
  ODD slots

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Master slave

• The Bluetooth core system consists of an RF
  transceiver, baseband, and protocol stack.
• During typical operation, a physical radio
  channel is shared by a group of devices that are
  synchronized to a common clock and frequency
  hopping pattern. One device provides the
  synchronization reference.
• It is known as the master. All other devices are
  known as slaves.
• A group of devices synchronized in this fashion
  form a piconet.
• This is the fundamental form of communication
  for Bluetooth wireless technology.

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Typical Bluetooth Scenario

• Bluetooth will support wireless point-to-point
  and point-to-multipoint (broadcast) between
  devices in a piconet.
• Point to Point Link
• Master - slave relationship
• Bluetooth devices can function as masters or
  slaves
• Piconet
• It is the network formed by a Master and one or
  more slaves (max 7)
• Each piconet has max capacity (1 Mbps)

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Piconet Structure

• All devices in piconet hop together.

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Connection State Machine
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Ad-hoc Network the Scatternet

• Inter-piconet communication
• Up to 10 piconets in a scatternet
• Multiple piconets can operate within same
  physical space
• This is an ad-hoc, peer to peer (P2P) network

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Architectural layers
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Device Manager

• controls the general behavior of the Bluetooth
  enabled device
• Functions
• inquiring
• connecting
• making the local Bluetooth enabled device
  discoverable

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Link Manager

• Functions
• Creation
• Modification
• release of logical links
• Establishment of link set-up between devices is
  called link manager protocal.

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Baseband Resource Manager
It acts as a scheduler that grants time on the
physical channels to all of the entities that
have negotiated an access contract. Link
Controller This is responsible for the encoding
and decoding of Bluetooth packets RF The RF
block is responsible for transmitting and
receiving packets of information on the physical
channel.
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security

• Security Measures
• Link Level Encryption Authentication.
• Personal Identification Numbers (PIN) for device
  access.
• Long encryption keys are used (128 bit keys).
• These keys are not transmitted over wireless.
  Other parameters are transmitted over wireless
  which in combination with certain information
  known to the device, can generate the keys.
• Further encryption can be done at the application
  layer.

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Bluetooth vs. IrD

• Bluetooth
• Point to Multipoint
• Data Voice
• Easier Synchronization due to omni-directional
  and no LOS requirement
• Devices can be mobile
• Range 10 m

• IrD
• Point to point
• Intended for Data Communication
• Infrared, LOS communication
• Can not penetrate solid objects
• Both devices must be stationary, for
  synchronization
• Range 1 m

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Bluetooth enabled devices
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ADVANTAGES

• Wireless
• Inexpensive
• Automatic
• Interoperability
• Low interference and energy consumption
• Share voice and data
• Upgradeable
• Long lasting technology

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Limitations

• Every Bluetooth device has to have type approval
  and qualification.
• Less Range
• Low data rate between devices

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Conclusion
This technology is probably the only one that a
good chance to become widely available among
various devices.
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Thank you