State and Local Gov

1
State and Local Govt
2
State Constitutions

• 1. Basic Principles
• Popular Sovereignty and Limited Govt
• Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances

3
State Constitutions

• 2. Protections of Civil Rights
• Each State Constitution has a Bill of Rights
• Similar to National Bill of Rights

4
State Constitutions

• 3. Governmental Powers and Processes
• Lists the powers of the
• Executive
• Legislative
• Judicial
• Local Govt

5
State Constitutions

• 4. Constitutional Change
• Explains the means to amend or revise the state
  Constitution

6
Executive Branch

• United States

• Arizona

• President
• Cabinet (Pres. Senate)
• Vice President

• Governor
• Cabinet (voters elect)
• Secretary of State

7
State Executive

• Governor Top Executive
• 4 year term
• Qualifications-
• 25 years old
• Live in state for 5 yrs
• 10 year citizen

8
Executive Powers

• Supervisory Powers
• Overlooks state agencies
• Budget Making Powers
• Prepares annual budget
• Military Powers
• Commander-in-Chief of National Guard

9
State Executive

• Selection-
• Elected by popular vote

10
Executive Powers

• Appointment and Removal-
• Just like the President, chooses his/her
  subordinates
• Removal
• Recall (like impeachment)
• Voters sign Petitions
• Brings up for reelection

11
Line of Succession

• Secretary of State-
• Chief Clerk
• State Treasurer-
• In charge of money (collects taxes)
• Attorney General-
• Chief Lawyer
• Superintendent of Public Instruction
• School Laws enforcement officer

12
State Legislatures

• Legislative Powers-
• Ex.
• Tax, Spend, Borrow, Define Crimes
• Police Power

13
Legislative Branch

• United States

• Arizona

• Congress
• House (435) Senate (100)
• Az. Has 8 Congressional Districts

• State Legislature
• House (60) Senate (30)
• Legislative Districts 30 (served by 1 Senator and
  2 Reps.

14
State Legislatures

• Qualifications-
• States vary, but in Az.
• 25 years old for the Senate and House
• Elected to 2 year terms
• Serve 60 day sessions, but governor and most
  Legislatures can call special sessions

15
State Legislatures

• Elections-
• Elected by popular vote (no electoral college)
• Nominated by party primaries (Except Nebraska)

16
Judicial Branch

• United States

• Arizona

• Supreme Courts (5)
• Superior Courts
• Voter Approval every 4 yrs
• Mandatory retirement at 70

• Supreme Court (9)
• District Courts
• Judges serve for life
• Serve as long as want

17
Arizona Court System
State Supreme Court
State Appellate Court
State Trial Court
18
Arizona Court System Selection Process

• Supreme Court/Court of Appeals
• Put on list by commission
• Chosen by Governor
• Confirmed by Senate

• District/Superior Courts
• Appointed and must be retained (voted every 4
  years)

19
Judge Qualifications

• At least 30 years old
• Of good moral character
• A resident of Arizona
• Admitted to the practice of law in Arizona for
  the five years immediately prior to taking office.

20
Arizona Courts

• Supreme Court
• 5 Justices
• Chief Justice
• Vice Chief Justice
• 3 Associate Justices
• 6 Year Terms
• Court of Appeals
• 22 Judges
• Chief Judge
• Presiding Judge
• 6 Year Terms
• Superior Court
• 159 Judges
• 4 Year Terms

21
Tribal Sovereignty
Tribal sovereignty in the United States refers to
the inherent authority of indigenous tribes to
govern themselves within the borders of the
United States of America. The US federal
government recognizes tribal nations as "domestic
dependent nations
22
Gerrymandering refers to the act of drawing
congressional districts to the advantage of the
political party that controls the State
legislature.
23
Direct Legislation

• The Initiative-
• Direct Voters sign petitions to propose a law
  and it goes directly to the ballot
• Indirect Measure goes to the legislature first
  if they dont pass it, it then goes to the ballot

24
Direct Legislation

• The Referendum-
• Legislative measure is referred to the voters for
  final approval
• Mandatory
• Optional
• Popular

25
Redistricting
The redrawing of congressional districts,
usually following a new population census, to
maintain an equal population in each district.
26
City Government

• Mayor-Council-
• VotersgtMayor/CouncilgtDept. Heads
• Strong Mayor
• Voters elect/Mayor Appoints
• Weak Mayor
• Voters elect/Council Appoints