Music Listening Today Second Edition

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Chapter 10 The Baroque Period
Begins on page 86
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Styles in Music

• The treating of musical elements in a similar way
  in many works over an extended period of time.
  Example Baroque style
• Names of styles are designated years after a
  style has ended

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Characteristics of Baroque Style

• From about 1600 to 1750
• Grandiose dimensions
• Love of drama

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Baroque Art

• Infused with drama
• Design no longer balanced
• Figures often in corkscrew shape

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Baroque Intellectual Activity

• Isaac Newton theory of gravity
• Religious intensity
• William Gilbert electricity
• Robert Boyle chemistry
• Rene Descartes analytical geometry
• Robert Hooke cellular structure of plants
• William Harvey circulation of blood
• Galileo Galilei -- astronomy

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Music in the Baroque

• Patronage system
• Composers composed exclusively for their employer
• Steady employment
• Composer had to please patron
• Involved teaching singers, rehearsing
  instrumentalists, and writing music.

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Composers wrote a huge amount of new music

• used a short hand system called figured bass
• used melodies in more than one work
• didnt fuss over details in the music

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Performance of Baroque Music

• Most performances took place in churches and
  palaces
• No professional orchestras
• No need for a conductor
• Opera houses were established
• Improvisation was important in Baroque music

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Characteristics of Baroque Music

• Homophony
• Recitatives developed
• Metrical rhythm
• Major/minor keys
• Tonal center
• Modulation
• Doctrine of Affections

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Handel The Voice of Him That Crieth in the
Wilderness from Messia

• Example of recitative
• Expressive of the text
• Flexible rhythm
• Tonal center
• Modulation
• Doctrine of Affections

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Features of Baroque Instrumental Music

• Tuning
• Terraced dynamics
• Continuo

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Summary

• Styles in music
• Characteristics of Baroque style
• Baroque instrumental music
• Music in the Baroque
• Performance of Baroque music
• Characteristics of Baroque music
• Handel The Voice of Him that Crieth in the
  Wilderness from Messiah
• Features of Baroque instrumental music