The Great Depression and the New Deal

1
Chapter 24

• The Great Depression and the New Deal
• 1929 1939

2
Readings

• You must read the chapter.
• Divisions
• Pp. 729-742
• 742-754
• 754-763
• Make sure you know the New Deal Legislation and
  how it affected Alabama and the US.

3
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
4
Crash and Depression, 1929-1932
5
Figure 24.1A Stock Market Prices in the 1920s
6
Black Thursday and the Onset of the Depression
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Figure 24.1B Consumer Borrowing in the 1920s
8
Hoovers Response

• Herbert Hoover Documentary
• Hoover's Response Speech
• Emergency Committee for Employment
• Reconstruction Finance Corporation

9
Figure 24.2A The Statistics of Hard Times
10
Mounting Discontent and Protest

• Hoover Valley
• Farmers Holiday Association
• Douglas MacArthur
• 42nd Parallel
• John Dos Passos
• The Disinherited
• Jack Conroy

11
Figure 24.2A The Statistics of Hard Times
12
Figure 24.2B The Statistics of Hard Times
13
The Election of 1932
14
Map 24.1 The Election of 1932
15
The New Deal Takes Shape
16
Roosevelt and his Circle

• Rexford G. Tuggle
• Adolphe Berle
• Eleanor Roosevelt
• James Farley
• Frances Perkins
• Harold Ickes
• Henry A. Wallace
• Henry Morgenthau

17
Bankhead in Congress

• John Hollis
• William Brockman
• Speaker of the House
• John Hollis II
• Walter Will
• Tallulah

18
FDRs Alphabet Soup
WPA men at work
19
(No Transcript)
20
The Hundred Days

• TVA
• David Lilienthal

21
Hundred Days Legislation
CCCBoys
22
Justice Hugo Black

• Senator from Alabama
• One of 9 Roosevelt appointed
• Textualism-what do words mean to the common man
  or a strict interpretation of the law
• KKK member in early life
• Democrat / Died 1971

23
Problems and Controversies Plague the New Deal

• May 1935 court rules NRA unconstitutional
• Dust Bowl of 1930 and continuing
• There goes Oklahoma!

Roosevelts Supreme Court Note Hugo Black on
back right. KKK
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Map 24.2 The Dust Bowl
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The Dust Bowl

• Dust Bowl Documentary
• Dont forget to read your excerpts from The Dust
  Bowl Diary

North and South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas,
Oklahoma, Texas, Colorado, Wyoming, Montana and
other states were effected. Southern states
experienced erosion until the addition of Kudzu
to the landscape.
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Figure 24.3 Agriculture During the Great
Depression
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1934-1935 Challenges from Right and Left

• 1933 Income rose but was still behind 1929.
• 1934 Midterm elections proved popularity.
• Hes been all but crowned by the people
• Charles Coughlin Father Charles Coughlin Radio
  Address
• Francis Townsend
• Influenced creation of
• Social Security

28
Huey Long

• Huey Long
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vVIMi7fBA6e4feature
  related
• Louisiana
• Elected 1933
• Share our wealth!
• America First Party 100 tax on income over 1
  million and appropriation of fortunes over 5
• million.
• Carl Weiss
• Assassinated
• Earl Long Blaze
• Ballad of Earl Long
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vVIMi7fBA6e4feature
  related

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The New Deal Changes Course, 1935-1936

• WPA Works Progress Administration
• Federal Writers Project
• Federal Music Project
• Federal Theatre Project
• National Youth Administration
• Rural Electrification Administration
• National Labor Relations Act 1935

Eudora Welty Junior Publicity Agent
30
Photos of Eudora Welty
31
(No Transcript)
32
National Labor Relations Act

• Wagner Act
• Guaranteed collective bargaining rights,
  permitted closed shops, outlawed blacklisting

33
Social Security Act of 1935End of the 2nd New
Deal

• Social Security Act 1935
• Stands as the long term legislation of the New
  Deal
• Frances Perkins committee
• Mixed benefit package
• Pension
• Unemployment package
• Survivor benefits
• Disabled and dependent mothers and children

34
1936 Roosevelt Landslide and New Democratic
Coalition

• South
• West (parts)
• White Ethnic voters
• 12 largest cities
• Catholics
• Jews
• Who filled New Deal jobs?

35
(No Transcript)
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The New Deals End Stage 1937-1939
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FDR and the Supreme Court

• Archconservatives
• 9 old tired men!
• Bill
• Appoint new justices for each one over 70
• Ease heavy workload
• Court packing

38
Roosevelt Recession
39
Final Measure Growing Opposition

• Farm Security Administration (FSA)
• 1937
• Created by Congress
• Fair Labor Standards Act (1938)

40
Social Change and Social Action in the 1930s
41
Depressions Psychological and Social Impact
42
Industrial Workers Unionize

• American Federation of Labor (AFL)
• Committee for Industrial Organization (CIO)
• United Automobile Workers

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Figure 24.4 The Growth of Labor Union
Membership, 19331946
44
Black and Hispanic AmericansResist Racism and
Exploitation

• Dont Shop Where You Cant Work!
• Scottsboro Boys
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?featureendscreenNR
  1vrIkBFFZeNVM
• Indian Reorganization Act

45
The American Culture Scene in the 1930s
46
Avenues of Escape Radio and the Movies

• Gone with the Wind 1939
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v79eIUM4w0PUfeature
  related
• Mr. Smith Goes to Washington 1937
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?featureendscreenNR
  1v0pwjGWUrlHM
• The Little Colonel (1935) Shirley Temple
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v7_FOPPJcJ24
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vo-DueyLco8sfeature
  endscreenNR1

47
The Later 1930s Opposing Fascism Reaffirming
Traditional Values

• Popular Front
• Joseph Stalin
• Adolf Hitler
• Spanish Civil War
• Benito Mussolini

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Steinbeck, Hemingway, Wilder

• For Whom the Bell Tolls
• The Grapes of Wrath
• Our Town

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Streamlining and the Worlds Fair Corporate
Americas Utopian Vision

• The World of Tomorrow
• 1939 Worlds Fair
• Orson Wells
• War of the Worlds
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vXs0K4ApWl4g

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FDR

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vKUnihvqYBVw
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vamNpxQANk0M
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vWpEdYp1Nn-kfeature
  related
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v3nuElu-ipTQ
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vSUZGkNAUSvYfeature
  related
• Eleanor Roosevelt Speech
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v6P15knTJ0pQ
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v9yzakVOdh6kfeature
  related

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Conclusion