Experimental tasks

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MultiPurpose Detector for NICA

• Introduction
• Experimental tasks
• Basic Principles
• Simulation
• General view of MPD the magnet
• Major Sub-Detectors Inner Tracker
• Tracker
• RPC (TOF)
• ZDC
• Summary

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Introduction

• NICA / MPD project has started
• to study of hot dense strongly interacting QCD
  matter
• search for possible manifestation of the mixed
  phase formation critical endpoint in heavy ion
  collisions
• /proposed by A.N.Sisakian and A.S.Sorin /
• NICA / MPD is a leading LHE project in both
• research program development of basic
  facility
• in 2008-2015
• it is expected that this flagship project
  provides
• - the frontier researches in heavy ion
  physics
• - attraction of young physicists worldwide
  cooperation
• - development of new technologies (incl.
  nanotechnologies)
• - essential extra funds

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• The new JINR facility based on the upgraded
  Nuclotron
• heavy Ion collider with max energy ?SNN 9 GeV
• mean luminosity of L1027 cm-2s-1 (for UU
  collision)
• These investigations are relevant to
  understanding of the evolution of the Early
  Universe and formation of the neutron stars and
  the physics of heavy ion collisions.
• It will allow to study in-medium properties of
  hadrons and nuclear matter equation of state
  including a search for possible manifestation of
  deconfiment and/or chiral symmetry restoration
  phase transition QCD critical end-point
• in the energy region of ?SNN 3-9 GeV

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NICA complex allocation
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The first stage of experimental tasks foresees to
study the following effects (on energy
centrality scanning)

• Event-to event fluctuation in hadron productions
• (multiplicity, Pt etc.)
• HBT correlations indicating the space-time size
  of the systems involving p, K, p, ?
• (possible changes close to the de-confiment
  point)
• Directed elliptic flows for various hadrons
• Multi-strange hyperon production
• yield spectra (the probes of nuclear media
  phases)

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Possible indication on phase transition
measurements of related yields for charged kaons
pions Some enhancement is indicated in the
energy region around ???? 30 ? ???
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Basic principles of experimental approach

• Technical solutions should be as simple as
  possible
• Detailed simulation of expected parameters
• corresponding cross-checks by available data
• The experiment should fulfill the major
  requirement
• physical observables must be clearly
  distinguished from possible apparatus effects

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Basic principles of organization to approach

• At first approximation
• - all sub-detectors could be designed
  constructed at JINR
• based on the existing expertise infrastructure
• Major sub-detectors (tracker) have alternative
  design
• in order to provide possibility for collaborators
  to substitute/accomplish corresponding groups in
  future
• The first realistic draft should be ready by
  January 2008
• The rough cost estimation should be done
• by that time as well

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First stage of simulation (based on UrQMD
GEANT4 in the framework of MPD-Root shell)

• AuAu collisions with total energy of 4.54.5
  GeV/n
• Central interaction within b 0 3 fm
• Minimum bias within b 0 15.8 fm
• Collision rate at at L1027 cm-2s-1 6 kHz
  

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Collision region
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Charged particle multiplicity central collision
?lt1, pgt100 MeV/c
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Momentum spectrum
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momentum spectra for various particles
p
p-
K
K-
0 2.0 GeV/c
0 2.0 GeV/c
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MPD General View
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Basic geometry (dimensions) preliminary
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Magnet
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MPD major sub-detectors

• Inner Tracker (IT) - silicon strip detector
• Barrel Tracker (BT) - Straw or TPC
• pseudo-rapidity region from -1 to 1
• End Cap Tracker (ECT) Straw Chambers
• (to define reaction plane)
• Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) (to
  measure Time of Flight)
• Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL)
• Zero Degree Calorimeter (ZDC) (for centrality
  definition)
• Beam-Beam Counters (BBC)
• (to define centrality interaction point)

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Inner Tracker

• Complementary detector for track precise
  reconstruction in the region close to the
  interaction piont
• Cylindrical geometry (4 layers)
• covering the interaction region 50 cm along the
  beam axis
• Possible contribution to the dE/dx measurement
• for charged particles

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Longitudinal view of MPD SVT
Collider chamber
Beams
Detector module
Carbon ladder
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Transverse view of MPD SVT
Number of modules 357. Number of detectors
714. Number of electronic channels 215 500
35 cm
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Barrel End Cap Trackers Straw detector
(optional)

• BT
• major detector for charged particle track
  reconstruction
• and momentum measurement (PT component)
• to measure z-coordinate of the hit with
  acceptable occupancy
• crossing straw geometry is implemented
• (hyperbolic shape as the whole)
• each straw is segmented by 18 parts
• ECT
• the wheels with radial straws
• to define the production plane

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Straw Tracker preliminary
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Barrel Straw Tracker
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EC Straw Tracker
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Occupancy in the straw segments at various
radiuses
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TPC option for the Tracker
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Time of Flight

• the major detector for particle identification
• separation should be provided
• for pion / kaon in the momentum range 0-1,5 GeV/c
  
• for proton / kaon in the momentum range 0-2,5
  GeV/c
• 2 stations of scintillation counters situated
  symmetrically from the interaction region near
  the beam pipe give the start signal
• RPC detectors on the radius 1,3 m provides the
  TOF measurement
• in addition RPS provides targeting for track
  reconstruction in BT

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Proposed parameters

• Radius from the beam line - 1,3 m
• Time resolution -100 ps
• Max momentum of p/K system separated
• better than 2,5 s at 1,3GeV/c
• Efficiency (acceptance) for p/K better than
  97

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Configuration

• the RPC TOF system looks like barrel
• with the length 4 m and radius of 1,3 m
• .
• the barrel surface is about 33 m2
• the dimensions of one RPC counter is 7 cm x 100
  cm
• it has 150 pads with size 2,3cm x 2 cm.
• the full barrel is covered by 160 counters
• the total number of readout channels is 24000

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TOF RPC design
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Separation for Central events
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Separation for Central events
p
p
K
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Electromagnetic Calorimeter

• absorber / scintillator sandwich with MAPD
  readout
• In progress

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Zero Degree Calorimeter

• measurement of centrality b A - Nspect
• selection of centrality at trigger level
• measurement of event-by-event fluctuations
• to exclude the fluctuation of participants
• monitor of beam intensity by detecting
• the neutrons from electromagnetic dissociation
• ee / eh 1 - compensated calorimeter
• Lead / Scintillator sandwich

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Schematic view of ZDC configuration
Very peripheral collision Detection of
neutrons. (4 modules)
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Summary

• The works on MPD design have been started
• high activity of many experts
• New ideas suggestions are under consideration
  still
• Full simulation and event reconstruction works
• are in progress
• The configurations for TPC Ecal
• will be proposed soon
• The major milestones are fixed
• the Letter of Intend to be ready by January 2008

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Thanks to the working group
NICA center group Afanasiev S.V. Nikitin
V.A. Borisov V.V. Peshekhonov V.D. Pavlyuk
A.V. Golovatyuk V.M. Kurepin A.B.
volunteers Shabunov A.V. Potrebenikov
YU.K. Zanevskij Yu.V. Kiryushin Yu.T. Murin
Yu.A. Tyapkin I.A. Arkhipkin D. Abramyan
H. Avdejchikov V.V. . ..
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Spare
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???????? ????? ? ??????????? ?????
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I ???? 2007 2008 ??.
- ???????? ??????????
- ?????????? ???????????? ??????? NICA
- ?????? ????????? ??o???????
????????? MPD ? NICA II ???? 2008
2012 ??. - ?????????? ?
???????? ??????? ?????????? -
?????????? ? ???????? ?????????? NICA
? ????????? MPD III ???? 2010 2013
??. - ?????? ?????????? ?
????????? MPD IV ???? 2013 ?.
- ??????? ? ??????
Key experiments to understand the fundamental
nature of matter
45
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Key experiments to understand the fundamental
nature of matter
46
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Key experiments to understand the fundamental
nature of matter
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Tracker (Barrel Straw Tracker) preliminary
5 Modules 1-st, 3-th, 5-th f (2 2 4 layers)
2-d, 4-th - 7o ( 3 3 layers) L -2,4 m R -
from 20 cm to 120 cm 4 mm in diameter straws
12 610
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Tracker (Barrel Straw Tracker) continuation
4 mm in diameter segmented straws, L -2,4 m
12 610 pc
Segmentation of 1-st and 2-d modules
Total 61860 channels
Segmentation of 3-th, 4-th and 5-th modules