Christianity and Medieval Society

1
Christianity and Medieval Society

• Chapter 10 Section 3
• Page 269 275

2
Reading Number One

• The Church Shapes Society and Politics
• Page 269 271

3
The Church Shapes Society and Politics

• Life during the Middle Ages revolved around the
  Church
• The Church was a political and cultural power
• Cultural Power
• Church oversaw festivals and ceremonies
• Local Church not enough!!
• Result Church encouraged pilgrimages
• Jerusalem, Rome, and Compostela, and Canterbury
• Political Power
• Church officials called Clergy
• Rich in Land largest landholder in Europe (fief)
  
• Church leaders advised rulers and spent little
  time with church affairs

4
Reading Number One Questions

• What are church officials called?
• Why did people go on pilgrimages?

5
Reading Number Two

• Monks and Friars
• Page 271 272

6
Monks and Friars

• People unhappy with the Church
• Church needs to focus on spiritual matters
• Monks - lived in monasteries lived apart from
  society
• Two important orders were the Cluny and
  Benedictine monks.
• Friars - similar to monks live in cities with
  general public
• They lived with poor people teaching the
  community about generosity and kindness
• Two important orders are the Dominicans and
  Franciscans
• Nuns women
• Strict rules prayers and work
• Lived apart from society

7
Reading Number Two Questions

• Why did people create new religious orders?
• How were friars different from monks?

8
Reading Number Three

• Universities are Built
• Page 273

9
Universities are Built

• The 1st were created by the church
• Search for knowledge
• Goal teach people about religion and the world
• Most teachers were members of the clergy
• Schools taught law, medicine, astronomy, and
  other topics
• Classes taught in Latin
• Language of the Church and Scholars
• Thomas Aquinas
• A teacher, came up with the theory of natural
  law, trying to prove the existence of God.
• Natural Law law that governed how the world
  operated

10
Reading Number Three Questions

• How did universities help create new ideas?
• How did Thomas Aquinas think reason and faith
  could work together?

11
Reading Number Four

• The Church and the Arts
• Page 274 275

12
The Church and the Arts

• Architecture
• Gothic - style cathedrals (Church)
• Cathedrals seen as a symbol of peoples faith
• Result towering works of art
• Designed
• Taller then older church
• High ceilings and arches
• Huge windows
• Stain glass windows
• Art
• Clothing
• Highly decorated and had gold threading
• Paintings and Tapestries
• decorated church walls and ceilings
• Books
• Monks decorated the books they copied with bright
  colors and illustrations - even gold leaf!

13
Reading Number Four Questions

• What new style of religious architecture
  developed in Europe in the 1100s?
• Why do you think so much of the art created in
  the Middle Ages was religious?