Clinical Nutrition

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Clinical Nutrition

• When animals do not fall into a healthy
  category and direct involvement with a health
  professional is needed.

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Enteral Nutrition introducing nutrients to the
gut to be broken down and utilized for
energy Parenteral Nutrition introducing
nutrition to the body, bypassing the gut. i.e..
Intravenous
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1st stabilize patient
Fluid therapy will help to combat dehydration and
restore electrolyte imbalances.

• EN stabilizes the gut barrier, improves health
  and immune function, improves GI motility and
  prevents catabolism.

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Assisted feeding

• 72 hours without eating
• 10 weight loss

• Encouragement
• Syringe feeding

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Syringe feeding

• Doctors orders
• Calculate appropriate amount
• Appropriate diet and preparation
• When and how long?
• Poor appetite vs. no appetite

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Enteral nutrition can be provided by a variety of
feeding tubes, including nasogastric (NG) or
nasoesophogeal (NE) tubes, esophogostomy tubes,
gastrostomy tubes or jejunostomy tubes.
Jejunostomy tubes bypass the pancreas and can be
used in patients when vomiting cannot be
controlled.
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NG tube (NE)

• Supplies
• placement
• What are we giving?

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E-tubes

• Why?
• Difference between ng tube?

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G-tube

• Why?
• How long?
• Differences?
• Placement?

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J-tube

• Why
• How long?
• Differences?
• Placement?

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The Gis main function is to digest and absorb
nutrients. It also has a role in defending the
body. The GI represents a first line of defence
against potential pathogens, toxins and
allergens. The GI is the bodys largest immune
system. About 70 of the bodys immune system is
located in the GI tract
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The bacteria population is organized into a
complex ecosystem that balances beneficial and
harmful bacteria. The function of the bacteria
is to aid in digestion and absorption of
nutrients, and to prevent infection. Factors
that can upset the balance between beneficial and
harmful bacteria include
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Disease
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Aging
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Stress
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Drugs
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Probiotics micro-organisms that are introduced
into the gut to ensure healthy bacterial
population
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Prebiotics food ingredients that act as
nutrition for existing gut bacteria, promoting
healthy bacteria flora.
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Parenteral nutrition

• Providing nutrients iv.
• Jugular (central line)
• A peripheral vein can be used (ppn)
• Intestinal disease
• Unable to be sedated