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Genetics

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Title: Genetics


1
Genetics
???
Dr. Nongnong Shi
2
Chapter 1 Introduction ???
?? 1.1 Concept ????? 1.2 Material and
Content ??????????? 1.3 Establishment and
Development ????????? 1.4 Approaches
??????????? 1.5 Meaning ????????
3
Chapter 1 Introduction ??? ??
1.1 Concept
?????????? (inheritance and aberrance)
???????????? ????????? (genetic
information) ???????????????????
4
1.2 Material and Content All life style
??(gene) - A gene is a unit of information and
corresponds to a discrete segment of
DNA that encodes the amino acid sequence of a
polypeptide. ?????????,??????????DNA???
???(genome) - ????????????? ???????????????
?????? Regulation of gene expression ????? Gene
recombination
5
Four branches Transmission genetics
Cytogenetics Molecular genetics Biometrical
genetics
6
1.3 Establishment and Development
8000B.c. 1864 ?????? 1865 1900 ????????
1865? ????? Gregor Mendel (???) ??
????????? Law of Segregation
?????? Law
of Independent

Assortment 1900? ??????????,??????
7
1901 1999 ???????? (a century) 1909?
?????? Jonnason(???)?????? 1910?
???????????? 1925? ?????? 1944?
??DNA????? 1953? ??DNA?????,?????????

8
60?? ?????? (genetic codon)??????
???????? ????????? 70?? ?????????DNA?????,
???????? ????????????
80?? ??? (transposon) ??? 90??
????????????????????? ?????
?????????
2000 ?????? (post-genome time)
(??????????)
9
1.4 Approaches ????? (forward genetics)
?????? (from
phenotype to gene) ????? (reverse
genetics)
?????? (from gene to phenotype)
10
  • 1) Statistical analysis ????????
  • 2) Environmental analysis ????????
  • Hybridization ????
  • ??????????????/????(??)/?????
  • 4) Super-micro structure analysis ??????
  • 5) High-speed centrifuging ??????
  • 6) Electrophoresis ????
  • 7) Tagging ????????
  • Gene recombination ?????????

11
transmission genetics electron
microscope cytogenetics
recombinant DNA technique molecular genetics
pedigree analysis
biometrical genetics
quantitative genetics
population genetics

mating

12
transmission genetics electron
microscope cytogenetics
recombinant DNA technique molecular genetics
pedigree analysis
biometrical genetics
quantitative genetics
population genetics

mating
13
1.5 Meaning In theory ????????? -
commonness In practice ?? ? ? ? ?? ?? ???????
??????


self-learning
14
Questions P15 - 1, 4
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