5/2/11: Turn in science fair ideas if you have them, please sit in new seats, check your grade as of 4/28

1

• 5/2/11 Turn in science fair ideas if you have
  them, please sit in new seats, check your grade
  as of 4/28
• Objective Describe the properties of acids and
  bases
• Catalyst (on paper today, leave room for an exit
  slip)For the following questions, use your
  prior knowledge. Do not worry if your answers
  are right
• List everything you know about acids.
• List everything you know about bases.
• Which would you prefer to drink, a strong acid or
  a strong base-why?
• Homework Read pages 530-538 and answer questions
  1-5 on page 538 (due Wednesday)

2
Acids Bases
3
Some Properties of Acids

• Produce H (as H3O) ions in water (the
  hydronium ion is a hydrogen ion attached to a
  water molecule)
• Taste sour
• Corrode metals
• Electrolytes
• React with bases to form a salt and water
• pH is less than 7
• Turns blue litmus paper to red

4
Acid Nomenclature Review

• HBr (aq)
• H2CO3
• H2SO3

? hydrobromic acid
? carbonic acid
? sulfurous acid
5
Name Them!
Hydrochloric acid

• HCl (aq)
• H2SO4
• HNO3

Sulfuric Acid
Nitric Acid
6
Some Properties of Bases

• Produce OH- ions in water
• Taste bitter, chalky
• Are electrolytes
• Feel soapy, slippery
• React with acids to form salts and water
• pH greater than 7
• Turns red litmus paper to blue Basic Blue

7
Some Common Bases

• NaOH sodium hydroxide lye
• KOH potassium hydroxide liquid soap
• Ba(OH)2 barium hydroxide stabilizer for
  plastics
• Mg(OH)2 magnesium hydroxide Milk of magnesia
• Al(OH)3 aluminum hydroxide Maalox (antacid)

8
The pH scale is a way of expressing the
strength of acids and bases. Instead of using
very small numbers, we just use the NEGATIVE
power of 10 on the Molarity of the H (or OH-)
ion.Under 7 acid 7 neutralOver 7
base
9
pH of Common Substances
10

• After todays lesson, answer the following
  questions again
• List everything you know about acids.
• List everything you know about bases.
• Which would you prefer to drink, a strong acid or
  a strong base-why?

11

• 5/3/11
• Objective Describe how pH can be found from the
  amount of H in solution.
• Catalyst
• Why is scientific notation useful?
• Write the following numbers in regular notation
• 1.3 X 10-4
• 7.6 X 10-7
• 4.22 X 10-6
• Homework Read pages 530-538 and answer questions
  1-5 on page 538 (due Wednesday)

12
Molarity Concentration

• In order to determine the concentration of a
  solution, simply take the number of moles of
  solute divided by the Liters of solution.
• M Moles of solute
• Liters of solution

13
Example

• If a 2 mole solution of NaCl were dissolved in 4
  L of solution, what would be the concentration of
  NaCl?
• Answer
• 2 mole NaCl 0.5 M NaCl
• 4 L of solution

14
Calculating the pH

• pH - log H
• (Remember that the means Molarity)
• Example If H 1 X 10-10pH - log 1 X
  10-10
• pH - (- 10)
• pH 10
• Example If H 1.8 X 10-5pH - log 1.8 X
  10-5
• pH - (- 4.74)
• pH 4.74

15
pH calculations Solving for H

• What is the pH of a solution with a concentration
  of 1.0 x 106 M.

pH - log H pH - log 1.0 x 10 6 M pH 6
16
Lets Practice

• Find the pH of the following solutions.
• 1. 1.0 x 10 -13 M
• 1.0 x 10 -2 M
• 2.4 x 10-5 M (log -4.6)
• 8.6 x 10 -11 M (log -10.1)

17

• Estimate pH
• 6.3 x 10 -11 M
• 1.3 x 10 -4 M
• 1.2 x 10-6 M
• 4.3 x 10 -9 M
• Determine whether solution is an acid or base
• 7.1 x 10 -3 M
• 4.3 x 10 -13 M
• 9.2 x 10-10 M
• 1.4 M
• Then, order all letters from most acidic to most
  basic

18
(No Transcript)