The Age of Exploration Crash Course! (start at 2:06) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NjEGncridoQ

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The Age of ExplorationCrash Course! (start at
206) http//www.youtube.com/watch?vNjEGncridoQ

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In this unit we will learn

• -Increased global interaction accelerates
  
• innovation.
• Global interaction promotes the spread of
  disease.
• Competition for resources affects the economic
  relationship among nations.

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Going Places!

• Global age 1400s, for the first time, Europeans
  had contact with Africans, Asians, and at the end
  of the century, Americans they wanted to explore
  the world
• http//freeman-pedia.wikispaces.com/GlobalInterac
  tions1450-1750

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Why would countries want to explore other lands?

• They wanted an all water route to Asia.
• Overland trade with Asia was expensive.
• Science and Technology was improving sea travel.
• The policy of mercantilism

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Mercantilism is

• A policy that said there was a limited amount of
  money in the world.
• Each country needed to grab what they can before
  its gone.
• If you export more than you import that would be
  more money in your pocket.
• Colonies and markets were needed to make this
  system continue to work.

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Why Now?

• What made the 1400s the right time for
  exploration??

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Motivation for Exploration

• 1) Crusades Europeans went to the Holy Land to
  win it back from the Muslims

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Motivation for Exploration

• 2) Riches selling goods like silk and spices/
  GOLD!!

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Motivation for Exploration

• 3) Inventions for travel
• Compass
• Better maps
• Astrolabe charts by the stars
• Caravel smaller, faster ship/ new, triangular
  sail called a lateen

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Motivation for Exploration

• Religion!! Europeans wanted to spread
  Christianity

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What did monarchs hope to gain by supporting
exploration?

• Remember the three Gs!
• God, Gold, Glory,
• Spread of Religion (God)
• Increased trade, more territory, and wealth
  (Gold)
• Fame and Power (Glory)

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The Ming Dynasty

• Yong Le succeeds his father Ming Hong Wu as
  emperor of China
• His goal was to restore Chinas greatness
• 1) reclaimed Vietnam
• 2) built Imperial city
• 3) strengthened the Great Wall
• 4) sent fleets of ships to explore Southeast
  Asia, India, and the Arabian Peninsula

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The Ming Dynasty

• Chinese Exploration
• Largest 440 feet long and 1,500 tons 100
  years later, the average Portuguese ship was 60
  feet and 300 tons
• Chinese naval technology was far more advanced
  than European technology at the time
• Voyages ended after Yong Les death

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Portuguese Explorers in Africa

• 1420 Portuguese are the first European
  explorers on the African coast
• 1487 Bartolomeu Dias makes a round trip to
  Africa
• Effect? Portuguese trading towns pop up along the
  African coast/ slavery of Africans

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Portuguese Explorers in India

• 1497 Vasco de Gama sailed to Southern India,
  filled his ship with spices, and returned to
  Portugal the round trip took 2 years!
• Opened up the maritime trade route between Europe
  and Asia
• Bio - http//www.youtube.com/watch?voFIyuYPP6PE

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Prince Henry the Navigator

• Portugals Prince Henry wanted to make trade
  cheaper wanted to make Portugal rich from spice
  trade
• He encouraged sea captains to make voyages set
  up a school to teach navigating skills

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Columbus sailed the ocean blue in 1492!!

• He had a bold idea the world was round not flat!
  He wanted to sail West to go East
• Soooo Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain decided to
  send Columbus

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A New World

• Voyage began on August 3 and ended on October 12
  Columbus believed that he landed in the Indies,
  but he really landed in Hispaniola and Cuba
• He returned 3 more times to the Caribbean looking
  for the Asian mainland
• He thought he reached the East Indies and called
  the people he encountered Indios or Indians

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Oh Columbus, youre so silly!

• It didnt take Spain and other nations long to
  realize that Columbus made a mistake.
• He had not found Asia, he found two unknown
  continents the New World
• Countries went crazy for exploration!!
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vMy8Vd-NZ8Qo

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The Columbian Exchange

• The sharing of goods and ideas that began with
  Columbus's first voyage.
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vHQPA5oNpfM4
• (stop 313, start 416)

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The Columbian Exchange Animals and Plants

• Animals changed use of land/transportation
• Plants food!! Large market for importing and
  exporting

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The Columbian Exchange Disease

• Disease most were passable through air or
  touch, illness in Europe was considered to be a
  consequence of sin Native Americans had no
  natural resistance to diseases that Europeans
  brought over, their populations declined for
  centuries after the Europeans arrived

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The Columbian Exchange African Slave Trade

• People establishment of Atlantic slave trade
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vdnV_MTFEGIY

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The Columbian Exchange IN Activity!
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Here come Spain and Portugal!

• Spanish and Portuguese discovered what is now
  Brazil decided wealth/people belonged to them
• Spain/Portugal This is my land!
• Natives Why?
• Spain/Portugal Because we have a flag.
• Natives But we live here
• Spain/Portugal HmmmDo you have a flag?
• Natives No
• Spain/Portugal Well then you cant have it!
  Sorry, finders keepers.
• 5 minutes later
• Spain I want this spot.
• Portugal No, thats my spot
• Ms. Lovell This could be a problem.

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Splitting the New World in Two

• Pope Alexander VI (church is still pretty
  powerful) divided the New World in 1493/94 with
  The Treaty of Tordesillas established a Line of
  Demarcation that separated Spanish (everything
  west of the line) and Portuguese (everything east
  of the line)
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v-x0ZPxoT-qA

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The Line was redrawn in 1494 to benefit Portugal
more than the original Line did.
Spain
Portugal
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Overthrowing the Aztecs

• 1515- Spanish controlled most of the islands in
  the Caribbean
• Base in Cuba set out to explore the Central
  American mainland
• One of the first conquerors or, conquistadores
  was Hernán Cortés
• Bio http//www.youtube.com/watch?voicgynllrfY

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Overthrowing the Aztecs

• 1519 Cortés, 500 soldiers, some horses, and a
  few cannon landed on the Yucatan Peninsula and
  began to march inland

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Overthrowing the Aztecs

• Cortés continued to march inland the Aztec
  ruler, Montezuma waited
• Montezuma welcomed the Spanish food, riches, a
  palace to stay in

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Overthrowing the Aztecs

• Cortés tricked Montezuma into becoming his
  prisoner and took control of the city
• 1520 Aztecs rebelled against the Spanish,
  Montezuma died, Spanish fled
• 1521 Cortés returned with more soldiers with
  guns and horses and defeated the Aztecs
• Destroyed the Aztec city and built Mexico City
  temple was replaced with Catholic church

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Overthrowing the Incas

• 1520s Spanish moved throughout Central America
• Ventured to the rich Inca Empire
• Conquistador, Francisco Pizarro, found the
  capitol in 1531
• Bio - http//www.youtube.com/watch?vj-Px6ZG_NDQl
  istPLfC0I5G3cT0QstVookV6Bwct9cjW6OcRL

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Events leading to the fall

• 1525 Emperor died of plague civil war broke out
  (empire already in chaos)
• 1527 Pizarro wanted to discover wealth embarked
  on his third voyage to the New World
• 1532 Spanish arrived in Peru
• Sept. to Nov. 1532
• The Cajamarca massacre- Pizarro led 160
  Spaniards to slaughterover 2,000 Inca and
  injuring 5,000

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Events leading to the fall

• November 16, 1532 Atahualpa (leader) captured by
  Spaniards, offered gold for his freedom.
• Pizarro accepted more than 11 tons of gold (6
  million) but never released Atahualpa.
• July 26, 1533 Atahualpa was killed
• 1535 Empire lost