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America Becomes A Colonial Power

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Title: America Becomes A Colonial Power


1
America Becomes a Colonial Power
Chapter 18
2
Why did America join the imperialist club at the
end of the 19c?
3
1. Commercial/Business Interests
U. S. Foreign Investments 1869-1908
4
1. Commercial/Business Interests
American Foreign Trade1870-1914
5
2. Military/Strategic Interests
Alfred T. Mahan ? The Influence of Sea Power on
History 1660-1783
6
3. Social Darwinist Thinking
The White MansBurden
The Hierarchyof Race
7
4. Closing the American Frontier
8
Hawaii "Crossroads of the Pacific"
9
U. S. Missionaries in Hawaii
Founded Christian schools and churches
10
U. S. View of Hawaiians
Hawaii becomes a U. S. Protectorate in 1849
by virtue of economic treaties.
11
Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani
Hawaii for the Hawaiians!
12
U. S. Business Interests In Hawaii
  • 1893 Americanbusinessmen backed anuprising
    against Queen Liliuokalani.
  • Sanford Ballard Dole proclaims the Republic of
    Hawaii in 1894.

13
To The Victor Belongs the Spoils
Hawaiian Annexation Ceremony, 1898
Became 50th state in 1959
14
Alaska
15
Sewards Folly 1867
7.2 million
16
Sewards Icebox 1867
Becomes 49th state in 1959
17
Cuba
18
The Imperialist Tailor
19
Spanish Misrule in Cuba
Jose Marti, exiled poet journalist launches a
revolution wins end to slavery
20
Valeriano Weylers Reconcentration Policy
21
Yellow Journalism
Joseph Pulitzer
Hearst to Frederick Remington You furnish
the pictures, and Ill furnish the war!
William Randolph Hearst
22
De Lôme Letter
  • Dupuy de Lôme, SpanishAmbassador to the U.S.
  • Criticized PresidentMcKinley as weak and
    abidder for the admirationof the crowd,
    besidesbeing a would-be politician

23
The worst Insult to the United States in its
History
  • William Randolph Hearst of the New York Journal
    publishes the letterWHY?

24
Remember the Maineand to Hell with Spain!
Funeral for Maine victims in Havana
25
The Philippines
26
The Spanish-American War (1898)That Splendid
Little War
27
Dewey Captures Manila!
28
Theodore Roosevelt
  • Assistant Secretary of the Navy in the McKinley
    administration.
  • Imperialist and American nationalist.
  • Criticized PresidentMcKinley as having the
    backbone of a chocolate éclair!
  • Resigns his position to fight in Cuba.

29
The Rough Riders San Juan Hill
Teddys bear
30
The Spanish-American War (1898)That Splendid
Little War
How prepared was the US for war?
31
The Treaty of Paris 1898
  • Cuba was freed from Spanish rule.
  • Spain gave up Puerto Rico and the island ofGuam.
  • The U. S. paid Spain20 mil. for
    thePhilippines.
  • The U. S. becomesan imperial power!

32
Cuban Independence?
  • Teller Amendment (1898)U.S. has no intention of
    taking over Cuba
  • Platt Amendment (1903)
  • Cuba was not to enter into any agreements with
    foreign powers that would endanger its
    independence.
  • The U.S. could intervene in Cuban affairs if
    necessary to maintain an efficient, independent
    govt.
  • Cuba must lease Guantanamo Bay to the U.S. for
    naval and coaling station.
  • Cuba must not build up an excessive public debt.

Senator Orville Platt
33
Philippines - Emilio Aguinaldo
  • Leader of the FilipinoUprising.
  • July 4, 1946Philippine independence

34
(No Transcript)
35
DILEMMA--Did U. S. citizenship follow the flag??
36
Puerto Rico
37
Puerto Rico 1898
  • 1900 - Foraker Act.
  • PR became an unincorporated territory.
  • Ends U.S. military rule
  • Import duties on PR goods
  • 1917 Congress grants Puerto Ricans the right to
    U.S. citizenship

38
China
39
Stereotypes of the Chinese
Immigrant
Oriental Chinese Exclusion Act, 1887
40
The Boxer Rebellion 1900
  • The Peaceful Harmonious Fists.
  • 55 Days at Peking.

41
The Open Door Policy
  • Secretary John Hay.
  • Give all nations equalaccess to trade in China.
  • Guaranteed that China would NOT be taken over by
    any one foreign power.

42
TheOpen Door Policy
43
America as a Pacific Power
44
Panama
45
Panama The Kings Crown
  • TR felt U.S. needed a canal cutting across
    Central America
  • France tries to build one through Panama but
    fails
  • U.S. needs permission from Colombia (ruled
    Panama)
  • U.S. helped organize a Panamanian rebellion
    against Colombia

46
U.S. pays Panama 10 million plus rent for land
47
Panama Canal
TR in Panama(Construction begins in 1904)
48
The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
1905
Chronic wrongdoing may in America, as elsewhere,
ultimately require intervention by some civilized
nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the
adherence of the United States to the Monroe
Doctrine may force the United States, however
reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing
or impotence, to the exercise of an international
police power .
49
Speak Softly,But Carry a Big Stick!
50
Japan
51
Commodore Matthew Perry Opens Up Japan 1853
The Japanese View of Commodore Perry
52
Treaty of Kanagawa 1854
53
Gentlemans Agreement 1908
  • A Japanese note agreeing to deny passports
    tolaborers entering the U.S.
  • Japan recognized the U.S.right to exclude
    Japaneseimmigrants holding passportsissued by
    other countries.
  • The U.S. government got theschool board of San
    Francisco to rescind their order tosegregate
    Asians in separateschools.
  • 1908 ? Root-Takahira Agreement.

54
Lodge Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine 1912
  • Senator Henry CabotLodge, Sr. (R-MA)
  • Non-European powers,like Japan, would
    beexcluded from owningterritory in the
    WesternHemisphere.

55
America's New Role
56
The Cares of a Growing Family
57
Constable of the World
58
Treaty of Portsmouth 1905
Nobel Peace Prize for Teddy
59
The Great White Fleet 1907
60
Tafts Dollar Diplomacy
  • Improve financialopportunities for American
    businesses.
  • Use private capital tofurther U. S.
    interestsoverseas.
  • Therefore, the U.S. should create stability and
    order abroad that would best promote Americas
    commercial interests.

61
Mexico
62
The Mexican Revolution 1910s
  • Victoriano Huerta seizes control of Mexico and
    puts Madero in prison where he was murdered.
  • Venustiano Carranza, Pancho Villa, Emiliano
    Zapata, and Alvaro Obregon fought against
    Huerta.
  • The U.S. also got involved by occupying Veracruz
    and Huerta fled the country.
  • Eventually Carranza would gain power in Mexico.

63
The Mexican Revolution 1910s
Emiliano Zapata
Pancho Villa
Venustiano Carranza
Porfirio Diaz
Francisco I Madero
64
Wilsons Moral Diplomacy
  • The U. S. shouldbe the conscienceof the world.
  • Spread democracy.
  • Promote peace.
  • Condemn colonialism.

65
Searching for Banditos
General John J. Pershing with PanchoVilla in
1914.
66
U. S. Global Investments Investments in Latin
America, 1914
67
U. S. Interventions in Latin America 1898-1920s
68
Uncle Sam One of the Boys?
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