Millennial Monsters: Japanese Toys and the Global Imagination

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Millennial MonstersJapanese Toys and the Global
Imagination

• ???
• 20081029

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????Anne Allison

• Duke??????????,??Chicago???????
• ??????
• Nightwork Sexuality, Pleasure, and Corporate
  Masculinity in a Tokyo Hostess Club (1994)
• Permitted and Prohibited Desires Mothers,
  Comics, and Censorship in Japan
  (Westview-HarperCollins 1996, re-released by
  University of California Press 2000)

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• Allison?????????????????????????????????,?????????
  ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ????,??????????????????

4

• Allison?????????????????????????????????????????,?
  ?????????????????,?????????????????,??????????????
  ???????????,???(1)??????????(2)??????????????,????
  ???????????????????????,??????????,???????????????
  ???????????

5

• ?????Mizu Shobai???????????????????????????????
• ????(??????)????????????,??????????????????
  (Allison??????????)

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• Anne Allison?ltPermitted and Prohibited Desires
  Mothers, Comics and Censorship in
  Japangt?,????????????,???????????,?????????????????
  ?????

7

• ???????????????????????????,?????????????????????,
  ????????????????,????????????????,?????????????,??
  ?????????????????????,???????????????????

8

• Allison?????????????,???????????(producing
  mothers)???????????????????????????,?????????????
  ???????????,???????????????????????

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• ?????,????????,????????????,??????????,?????????,?
  ???????,????????????????????????????

10

• Allison????????????????????????????(Pokemon
  Jet)???,Allison?????????????????????????????,?????
  ????????,???????????,?????????????????????????????
  ??,???????????????????

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(No Transcript)
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• ?????????????????????????????(fantasy)????????,???
  ????????????,??????????????????????????????????,??
  ???????????,???????????????????,??????????????????
  ??lt???gt???,???????????,???????????????????????????
  ??????????????????

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• Allison???????????????????????????????Allison?????
  ???????????????????????????????????,?????????,????
  ?????????????????????????????????????????????????,
  ???????????????????????????????,??????????????????
  ??????????????

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• ??????????????????,??????????????,???????????????,
  ????????????
• ?????????????????Game boy?Walkman?Mighty Morphin
  Power Rangers (????)?Hello Kitty?Mario
  Brothers?Sailor Moon?Pokemon?

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• ?????????????(power range)??????(Sailor
  Moon)?????(tamagotchi)?????(Pokemon)?????????????W
  alter Benjamin???,??????????????(enchanted
  commodities),???????????

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• ?????lt????gt??,???????????????????????(fantasy),???
  ???????????????????????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????/????????/???????
  /??,??????/?????

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• Allison??????????????????????????????????????????
  ,??????????????,????????????????????,???????????,?
  ??????????,Allison???????????????????????,????????
  ?????,?????????????????????,??????????????????????

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Allison?????

• ????????????/??/??????????
• ???????????????(???????)????(???????????)
• Multi-sited Fieldwork???George Marcus???

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????

• ????????,?????????????????(Godzilla)???????,??????
  ?????(Millennial Monsters)?

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Astro Boy
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Millennial Monster
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• ????????,???????Raymond Williams?????????(mobile
  privatization)?????Kogawa Testuo??????????(electro
  nic individualism)?

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• Allison??????????(Cyborgian aesthetic)????????????
  ??????????Cyborg????????,?????????,???????????,???
  ????,?????????????????????terminator??cyborg
  ,????????,?????????????????borg???????(star
  trek)???????,??????????????????????Donna
  Haraway?A Cyborg Manifesto??????????????????????
  ????????Cyborg???,??????????????,???????????(?????
  ,?????,?????,??????)?Allison?????cyborg???????????
  ????????????????

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Pokemon???

• ???????Game Freak????? (Tajiri Satoshi)
  ?1995???,??????????1996??????Game
  Boy(?????????????)???

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• ???(Pokémon ????)?????????????Pocket Monsters?
  (?????????)????????????????,??????????

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• ???Pokémon??????????????,?????????????????????????
  ???????????????????,??????????????????-The
  Pokémon Company(????????),?????????????

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• ??????????????????????????(insect
  collecting),????????????????,???????????????1998??
  ???????,???????????,??,???????,??????????????????
  ??????????????????????????,??????????,????????????
  ????????????????,?????(????????????)??????????????
  ?,?????????????????????????(pointless violence)?

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• ?????????????????? (A.C.G)???????(Character
  Goods)?????????????????????????????????????

29

• ?????????????????????,???????????,??????????,?????
  ??????????????????,????,???????????????,??????????
  ????,?????????,????????????

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?????????????

• ??? 151?
• ??? 251?
• ??? 386?
• ??? 493?

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• ???????????,?????????????????????????????????,????
  ???????????????????????????,???????????747-400,???
  ????,2005??????2006?????PokéPark??

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????????
33
????????????
34
???????????
35
??????
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??????
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??????
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?????????
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???????
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Pokemon?????????

• ?????????????Kawaii,?????Kawaii???????????????????
  ??cute???kawaii,?????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????????????,????????????kawaii??
  ?????????????

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• ????,??????lt???gt???????????????????????????????,?
  ??????????????kawaii???????,???????????????,???Kaw
  aii??????

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• ?Kawaii?,???????Kidult(??????)????????????,??????
  ???(?)????,????????????????Neil
  Postman????????,???????????????(the
  adult-child)???????,????????infantalization???????
  ????

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• Kawaii???????????,?????????,kawaii????????????????
  ?????????????????????kawaii???,???kawaii??????????
  ????????,??????????????,????????????????

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Burikko

• Burikko (???)??????????,??????,???????????,???????
  ???????????,???????kamatoto (??)???(KAMA)??????,??
  ??????????,???????????TOTO???????,????????????????
  ????????????????

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• (In Japanese Slang, a girl who acts (or thinks of
  herself as) excessivly cute. If you're ever
  watching Japanese Television and catch a CM with
  some teenage girl acting like she's four years
  old and saying "iya!" a lot, the term "burikko"
  definitely applies. As far as etymology goes, the
  verb "buru" (Stem form buri) means "to pretend",
  and the suffix "ko" means child. As slang, the
  term is fading from the vernacular, but people
  will know what you mean. Hopefully, the burikko
  style is fading along with the word. )

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• Burikko????????Doraemon?Kitty?Tarepanda(???)?Pika
  chu????????????(closeness)?

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• ???????amaeru(??),???????????????????????????????
  ????,?????????????????????????,???????

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• The appeal of Japanese play goods can be
  characterized by two main qualities polymorphous
  perversity and techno-animism
• Techno-animism is a style that is deeply embedded
  in material practices of commodity consumerism.
  This linkage also reproduces a consumer
  capitalism tiled to commodities that stand (in)
  for fun, release from everyday stress, and the
  warmth of intimacy and friendship. Pokemon
  provide access to imaginary worlds but also map
  the desire to find meaning, connection, and
  intimacy in everyday life onto commodified
  apparatuses (goods/machines).

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• Its potential for tsushin (??)(communication) and
  ningenkankei (????)(human relationships)that
  quality of sociality so ideologically central to
  Japanese culturethat quality of sociality so
  ideologically central to Japanesehas been much
  cited in the rhetoric surrounding the Pokemon
  phenomenon in Japan.

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• ????Pokemon?????????
• ???(healing)
• ?????(nomadicism)?
• ????(enchantment)
• ???(illumination)?

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• ?????,??????????????,?????????????????,???????????
  ??????
• ?????????????????????
• ??????????????,???????????
• ??????????????,????????????

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Soft Power Pokemon Capitalism

• ??????(???????????)??????????????(?????Walkman,
  Game boy, Sony Play Station,Wii)?
• ???a postmodern currency ???????,??????????????(??
  ?????flexibility and portability???)?

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• ????????,?????????????,??????????????????????????
  ????

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????????????(?????????)????

• 1997 Shall we Dance?
• 1998 Pokemon The First Movie Princess Mononoke
  (????)
• 2002 Spirited Away (????)
• ?????,??????Arif Dirlik????????????????????(artic
  ulation of native culture into a capitalist
  narrative)

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????????
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??(Articulation)

• ???????,????????????,?????????????????(??)???????,
  ??????????????????(the power to produce
  connection)??????,????????,????????????,?????????,
  ??????,???????????????????????????????????????????
  ??????(the making of culture)?

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?????????

• ??????????,????????????????(???????????),????????
  ?,????????????????????????????????,???????????,???
  ??????????????,???????????,?????????????,?????????
  ??????,???????????

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• ????????????????,??????????????????????????????,?
  ?????????????????????60????????????????,??????????
  ???

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Cultural Inavsion VS Cultural Yielding

• ???????????????????,?????????????????,????????????
  ?????,??????????????????,????????????????,????????
  ???????????????????????,???????????????,??????????
  ???????????????,?????????????????,????????????????
  ??????,?????????????????????????

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• ???????????????,??????????????????????,???????????
  ??????????????????????????,?????????????,?????????
  ??,???????????????????????????????????????????????
  ????????,???????????????????,??????????

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• ???????????????????,??????????????????????????????
  ??????????,????,???SONY?????????(glocalization)???
  ?????????????,???????????????????,?????????????,??
  ????????????????????????????,??????,??????????????
  ?????,????????????

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• ??????,????????????????????/?????,??????????,?????
  ??????????,?????????????????????????????????,?????
  ??????????????,???Anne Allison????????????????????
  ?????????

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• ?????????????????,??????????????,?????????????????
  ??????????,????????????????????????,?????????????
• Allison??Sodateru (child raising)?????????,???????
  ???????????????????????????????,???Pokemon????????
  ?

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• ??????????????(??????),?????????????????(placeless
  )?????
• ?????????????,??????Close,?????????Open UP

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• ??????????????????,??????????,?????????(techno-ani
  mism)?????????????????????????????????,???????????
  ???????,??????????(polymorphous
  perversity),Allison???????????,???????????????????
  ?????????????????????,??????????????,?????????????
  ?,???????????????

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• ?????,??????????????,????????????????????,????????
  ??????????????????,?????????????????,?????????????
  ??
• ????????????????,???????????????????

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Doraemon VS Pokemon

• Place VS Placeless
• ?? VS ?? (Bully VS Non-Pointless Violence)
• In comparison, fantasy is much more fluid,
  accessible, and universalistic in the pokemon
  format. Anyone can become a pokemon trainer like
  Satoshi (??) and accumulate pocket monsters.
  Fantasy empowerment is also more democratic and
  more easily generalized in Pokemon.

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?????????

• ???????(?????????)
• ????????Ash(??????????)
• ???????Slogan
• Gotta Catch Em All

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Pokemonization of American (and the world)
????,??/??????,?????????????
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????????????
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• ????????????,???????????????????????????????,?????
  ?????????????????????????????,???????????????

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• ????????,???????????????????,?????????????????????
  ?????????????????????,??????????????????????????,
  ????????????????????

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• ??????????????????,???????????????????????????,???
  ?????????????????

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• Pokemon?????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????,??Pokemon????????????????,?
  ??????,??????????????????
• ??????????????????????

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???????????

• ??????????,???????????,??????????????????????,????
  ?????????????(???),???????????(???)???????????????
  ,???????????,?????????????????????????????????

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• ???????,???(??)?????????????,??????????????(?Sony?
  ????Toshiba?),?????????made in
  Japan????????????,?????????????????????????????
  ????,??????????(cultural intimacy)?????????????,??
  ????????????,???????????????????????

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• ????,Anne Allison?????????????????????????????????
  ????????????????,????????????????????????????????,
  ?????????????,??????????????????,?????????????????
  ?,????????????????,???????????????,???????????????
  ??,???????????????

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• ???Allison??????????????????,?????????Fantasy?????
  ??(material relations),?????????????????,?????????
  ????

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• ??????VS??????(??/?????????????????),???????????(
  ex??/??????????????????)???????(ex??????????????)?
  ??????(ex????????,?????VS????VS?????????),???Stuar
  t Hall???????(cultural circuit)?

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????????