Agenda

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Agenda

• What is Sustainability?
• What is Sustainable Production?
• What is Sustainable Consumption?
• What is the Ecological Footprint?
• Evaluate your own EF
• How can SCP become a part of your lifestyle?
• SCP in your community

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Sustainability

• Please name this term in your native language
• What does it mean for you
• Is it a well-known concept in your country

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The term Sustainable Development can be defined
several ways
A better quality of life for everyone now and for
generations to come
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Triple Bottom Line
People Planet Profit Ethics E
cology Economy
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A Conceptual Model of Sustainability

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Another perspective is to identify where there
can be value creation for stakeholders that
creates enterprise value.
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Sustainable value creation and growth
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CEOs of major corporations recognize the
importance of sustainable development to business
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The challenge of sustainable development arises
from these two major converging trends
Decline in resource availability and ecosystems
Diminishing margin for action
Sustainability
Impact Population x Consumption x Technology
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World population is increasing to unprecedented
levels.
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These trends are leading to a decline in the
health and capacity of natural systems worldwide.

• Biologists greatest extinction rate in 63
  million years
• Global 50 drop in freshwater available per
  person
• 13 out of 17 fisheries collapsed or endangered
• Forest losses equal to area of UK/year, plus
  reduced diversity, acid rain etc.
• 30-80 topsoil losses significantly reduce
  diversity, absorptive capacity, and agricultural
  productivity

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Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are
rising.
Carbon Emissions from Fossil Fuel and Cement
7000000
Central and South America
Africa
Far East
6000000
Centrally Planned Asia
Middle East
Centrally Planned Europe
5000000
Oceania
Western Europe
Germany
4000000
North America
Million Metric Tons of Carbon
3000000
2000000
1000000
0
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
Source CDIAC
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Surface temperatures have warmed over the past
century.
WORLD RESOURCES INSTITUTE
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At the same time, millions of people worldwide
are struggling to meet their basic needs.
Distribution of Total World Income

• 1.3 billion people live in absolute poverty, with
  incomes less than 1/day (World Bank)
• 841 million people in developing countries suffer
  from basic protein-energy malnutrition (UN Food
  and Agriculture Organization)
• Nearly 1 billion people either cannot work or are
  employed in jobs where they cannot support their
  family (International Labor Organization)

Richest Fifth
82.7
11.7
2.3
1.9
Poorest Fifth
1.4
(UNDP, Human Development Report 1992)
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• Please read the question and tick the most
  relevant box
• 5 Strongly agree / 4 Agree / 3 Neutral /
  2 Disagree / 1 Strongly Disagree
• 1. Most environmental problems can be solved by
  advances in technology.
• 2. Most environmental problems can be solved
  through the production of wealth in a free
  market.
• 3. Most environmental problems can be solved by a
  better redistribution of wealth
• 4. Most environmental problems can be solved by
  changes in our life style.
• 5. Human beings have the right to exploit Nature
  for their own profit.
• 6. Human beings have a duty to preserve the
  environment for future generations.
• 7. Environmental sustainability is the most
  important concern for human society.
• 8. Human welfare is the most important concern
  for human society.
• 9. The rights of other living organisms are
  subordinate to those of human beings,
• 10. It is OK to sacrifice environmental quality
  if this benefits human society as a whole.
• 11. Human beings are the crown of all creation.
• 12. Human beings are the cancer of the Earth.
• 13. Human beings are merely a cog in the
  machinery of Nature.
• 14. Human beings and Nature are One a single
  living wholeness.

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Given the scale and nature of environmental and
social problems, we need new mental models and
ways of thinking to solve them.

• Problems cannot be solved within the mindset that
  created them.
• Albert Einstein

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A Crumbling Paradigm

• Industrial economic globalization
• Has increased global inequity to its highest
  point in history.
• Has accelerated the destruction of global
  ecosystems.
• While dramatically increasing consumption, has
  not increased levels of well-being and happiness
  accordingly.
• Is dependent upon cheap, abundant fossil fuel
  energy which is becoming scarce and expensive.
• Has an alternative!

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Earth Crisis

• In the last 50 years weve changed the ecosystem
  more than any other period in history.
• Humans have increased the species extinction rate
  by 50 1,000 times.
• In 2002 alone, natural capital was overdrawn by
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• 2.4 of total forests were deforested in the
  1990s, we now deforest at about 1 per year
• 40 of the global population suffers from water
  shortages
• 3/4 of fishery stock is exploited
• 25 of coral reefs and 35 of mangrove forests
  are gone

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Globalization Conclusion

• Industrial economic globalization, dependent upon
  cheap, abundant fossil fuels, is consuming
  resources at an unsustainable rate, degrading
  global ecosystems to the point of climate chaos,
  widening the gap between rich and poor, and is
  failing in its own goals of human development and
  well-being.
• We need an alternative.

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Sustainability can be defined as the infinite
lasting of vital human ecological support systems
and resources, such as the planet's climatic
system, systems of agriculture, industry,
forestry, and fisheries, and human communities in
general and the various systems upon which they
dependWikipedia
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What is Sustainable Consumption?

• What do you think is Sustainable Consumption?
• 5 points on what SC means to you
• Share with rest of the group

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Suggested scope of Ethical Consumption or
Socially Responsible Consumerism

• Animal killing and welfare
• Carbon emissions/footprint/miles
• Child and female labour abuse
• Collective Bargaining
• Community Relations
• Consumption Excesses/ Levels
• Employment Security
• Environmental Impact
• Equal Opportunities
• Fair Pricing
• Fair Trade

• Human rights
• Non-polluting activity
• Organic Products
• Packaging Excesses
• Pollution levels and control
• Safety Quality Issues - ISO
• Sustainability
• Wasteful use of resources
• Working conditions/sweatshops

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Definition of The Ethical Consumer

• An ethical consumer looks for products which,
  above all, are both friendly to the environment
  and also to the people who produce them. They
  are aware of the consequences of production,
  consumption and disposal. They have clear
  expectations of how they expect a company to
  behave and expect ethical companies to conform to
  ethical standards.
• Quote Michelle Sohn (2005) Brand and Business
  Strategist SA

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What is the Ecological Footprint?

• Ecological Footprint is the land and water area
  that is required to support a defined human
  population and material standard indefinitely,
  using prevailing technology
• What is the impact of our lifestyle on the
  earths resources?

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Evaluate your Ecological Footprint

• How does your lifestyle affect the planet?
• Please estimate the impact you have on the
  Earths Environment

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SCP

• Sustainable consumption and production (SCP) is a
  holistic perspective on how society and economy
  can be better aligned with the goals of
  sustainability. SCP can be defined as
• the production and use of goods and services
  that respond to basic needs and bring a better
  quality of life, while minimising the use of
  natural resources, toxic materials and emissions
  of waste and pollutants over the life cycle, so
  as not to jeopardise the needs of future
  generations.
• SCP is an overarching objective of and essential
  requirement for sustainable development.

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How can SC become a part of your lifestyle?

• What can we do to reduce our EF
• Your ideas in your life
• Share with the group

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Economic Localization

• Helena Norberg-Hodge The essence of
  localisation is to enable communities around the
  world to diversify their economies so as to
  provide for as many of their needs as possible
  from relatively close to homethis does not mean
  eliminating trade altogether, as some critics
  like to suggest. It is about finding a more
  secure and sustainable balance between trade and
  local production.
• Michael Shuman Community self-reliance suggests
  personal responsibility, respect for others, and
  harmony with natureaddition of the word
  community underscores that the ultimate
  objective is a social and caring one.

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Sustainable Consumption in your Community

• What can you do to encourage Sustainable
  Consumption in your community?
• For example, how can water be better protected
• Or how can alternate sources of energy be used

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Global trends in sustainability
Rio 1992
Stockholm 1972
Joburg 2002
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CSR in EU
2010
2000
2005
1995