Module 4

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Module 4

• Objectives

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Introduction

• To teach from accomplishment, you must have a
  series of sentences that clearly and precisely
  state what is to be accomplished. The sentences
  are called OBJECTIVES.
• From Harry Wong, The First Days of School
• P. 217

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Objectives Introduction

• Stating clear course objectives is important
  because
• 1) objectives guide the content materials and
  the teaching method
• 2) teachers can use objectives to make sure you
  reach your goals
• 3) students will understand expectations
• 4) assessment and grading is based on the
  objectives

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Students

• When students know what they are learning, their
  performance, on average, has been shown to be 27
  percentile points higher than students who do not
  know what they are learning.
• Lohr

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Assignments and Objectives

• There is a difference between an assignment and
  an objective.
• An assignment/activity is a task the students are
  doing, but it is not measureable
• Objectives are measurable and state the desirable
  knowledge

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Assignment or Objective

• Is it an Activity/Assignment or
  Objective/Learning goal?
• Complete the adding and subtracting worksheet
• Formulate a correct solution when adding and
  subtracting fractions
• Make a travel brochure for a region.
• Demonstrate knowledge of a regions natural
  resources
• Make a simple machine.
• Identify how a simple machine functions
• Draw the food pyramid.
• Assemble a menu that includes a balance of foods
  from the food pyramid.

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Blooms Taxonomy

• Dr. Benjamin Bloom created the different levels
  of learning, known as Blooms Taxonomy
• There are six levels
• Knowledge
• Comprehension
• Application
• Analysis
• Synthesis
• Evaluation

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The Six Levels (Blooms Taxonomy)

• Each level has a group of verbs that engage a
  specific kind of thinking skill needed to
  conclude an assignment
• The verb tells what the student is going to
  perform
• The depth or level of thinking you want from a
  student on an assignment is determined by the
  level in which you select the verb
• The complexity of each level increases as you
  move from knowledge to evaluation

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KNOWLEDGE LEVEL

• Definition Student recalls or recognizes
  information, ideas, and principles in the
  approximate form in which they were learned.
• Verbs
• Write indicate List recite Label
  recognize Name tabulate State
  identify Define draw

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COMPREHENSION LEVEL

• Definition Student translates, comprehends, or
  interprets informationbased on prior learning.
• Verbs
• Explain classify express Summarize compute
  distinguish
• Paraphrase differentiate
  estimate Describe Illustrate
  compare

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APPLICATION LEVEL

• Definition Student selects, transfers, and uses
  data and principles to complete a problem or task
  with a minimum of direction.
• Verbs
• UseComputeSolve
• DemonstrateApplyConstruct

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ANALYSIS LEVEL

• Definition Student distinguishes,classifies,
  and relates the assumptions,hypotheses,
  evidence, or structure of astatement or
  question.
• Verbs
• analyze categorize diagnose compare classify
  diagram contrast debate deduct
  differentiate separate dissect
• distinguish examine infer

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SYNTHESIS LEVEL

• Definition Student originates,integrates, and
  combines ideas into aproduct, plan or proposal
  that is newto him or her.
• Verbs
• Create change combine createDesign Hypothesiz
  e compose formulateInvent Develop
  construct generate
• invent plan predict pretend
• produce reconstruct revise suggest
• visualize

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EVALUATION LEVEL

• Definition Student appraises,assesses, or
  critiques on a basis of specific standards and
  criteria.
• Verbs
• judge recommend critique justify
  appraise choose
• compare conclude decide
• defend evaluate rank
• rate select support

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NOT MEASURABLE Verbs

• Words or phrases such as know, think, appreciate,
  learn, comprehend, remember, perceive,
  understand, be familiar with, have knowledge of,
  are NOT measureable.

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How to Write Objectives Using Verbs

• Every objective needs to have an action verb that
  will show what the teacher wants the students to
  accomplish.
• Choose a verb from the six levels of Blooms
  Taxonomy

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An Easy Method For Writing Objectives

• The ABCD Method
• A Audience
• B Behavior
• C Condition
• D Degree

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The A in ABCD Method

• Audience Who are your learners?
• Students
• Teachers
• Staff members

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The B in ABCD Method

• Behavior What? What do you expect them to be
  able to do? Should be an observable behavior. If
  you cant touch it, see it, hear it, taste it, or
  smell it, you cant be sure your audience really
  learned it.

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The C in ABCD Method

• Condition How? Under what circumstances or
  context will the learning occur?

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The D in ABCD Method

• Degree How much? How much will be accomplished,
  how well will the behavior need to be performed
  and to what level? Do you want total mastery
  (100), or 80

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EXAMPLE OBJECTIVES(Comprehensive level)

• (C) Given a paragraph in a newspaper article
• (A) the student
• (B) will be able to accurately identify the
  grammatical subject for each sentence and explain
  his or her decision
• (D) for all sentences given

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EXAMPLE OBJECTIVES(problem solving/ synthesis
level)

• ( C) given a current events topic
• the student
• (B) will be able to write grammatically correct,
  well crafted opinion essay of three-five pages
• (D) Over two to three days

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Practice Behavior Exercises

• Choose the most appropriate behavior to fill in
  the blank
• Given a map of the United States the students
  will _________the state capitals with a 100
  accuracy.
• label
• demonstrate
• know
• categorize

label
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Practice Behavior Exercises

• Choose the most appropriate behavior to fill in
  the blank
• Given a list of ten words the students will
  _________ them correctly.
• alphabetize
• apply
• understand
• operate

alphabetize
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Practice Behavior Exercises

• Choose the most appropriate behavior to fill in
  the blank
• The learner will, using a protractor, _______
  ten angles correctly.
• grasp
• bisect
• comprehend
• derive

bisect
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Practice Condition Exercises

• Choose the most appropriate condition to fill in
  the blank
• ___________ the student will season and cook a
  roast until medium rare.
• using marbles
• with 80 accuracy
• given a recipe
• given a platter

given a recipe
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Practice Condition Exercises

• Choose the most appropriate condition to fill in
  the blank
• _________ the student will state in which food
  group they belong.
• With 100 accuracy
• With a food pyramid
• Given a list of foods
• With a refrigerator

given a list of foods
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Practice Degree Exercises

• Choose the most appropriate degree to fill in the
  blank
• The student will solve 10 algebraic equations
  _______ without a calculator.
• using a safety procedure
• within ¼ inch
• and comprehend them
• in ten minutes

in ten minutes
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Practice Degree Exercises

• Choose the most appropriate degree to fill in the
  blank
• The student will solve 25 multiplication
  problems________
• and understand
• with 85 accuracy
• using a round number
• with a diagram

with 85 accuracy
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Practice Degree Exercises

• Choose the most appropriate degree to fill in the
  blank
• Given a globe students will ________identify the
  5 continents.
• correctly
• with a calculator
• given a map
• incorrectly

correctly
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Examples of Objectives from our teachers

• 6th grade science
• Students will identify different energy forms to
  include potential and kinetic.
• Students will identify energy connections in the
  classroom and record daily energy uses in a
  journal.

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Example of Objectives from our teachers

• 6th grade social studies
• Describe the economic systems in Africa by
  creating a job vacancy advertisement.

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Example of Objectives from our teachers

• 7th grade language arts
• Journal The student will write toe express or
  reflect on ideas.
• SRA The student will use a variety of strategies
  to determine a texts main idea.
• DOL The student will recognize standard usage
  and appropriate word choice. The student will
  also proofread for correct punctuation,
  capitalization, and spelling.

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Conclusion

• When writing objectives always make it where
  there is a measurable result after instruction
• Always post objectives so the students are aware
  of what they will be learning
• Use strong verbs when writing objectives

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Resources

• Microsoft PowerPoint
• Microsoft Clip Art
• Harry Wong, The First Days of School
• http//itc.utk.edu/bobannon/writing_objectives.ht
  ml