French%20Revolution

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French Revolution

• 1789-1815

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Preview to the French Revolution
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Inspired by

• American Revolution(1776-1783) Why? What was
  their purpose of fighting? (See last Chapter 10
  Sec. 4
• Handout

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Short Clip on the American Revolution

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vWjfrexe61XI
• Take notes on how the Revolution came about

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Difference between the Revolutions

• French Revolution more complex Violent, radical,
  and established a new political and social order
• Longer and more complicated

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Why did the people of France revolt?

• Read background to the revolution
• Create a list of the reasons
• Be ready to explain why the reasons you choose
  were significant to revolt

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Background to the Revolution
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French People rebelled because

• A. Inequality within their society
• Three Estates
• Clergy
• A. 130,000 in population
• B. Owned 10 of the land
• C. Exempt from taxes
• D. Class split Higher clergy sided with
  nobility
• poor parish priests sided with commoners.

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2. Nobility

• 350,000 in population
• Owned 25-30 of the land
• Held many of leading positions in the government,
  military, law courts, and high church
• Exempt from taxes
• Held privileges
• Expand power at the expense of the king

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3. Commoners

• 75-80 of the population
• Divided within by education, occupation, and
  wealth
• Owned 35-40 of the land, but most had none
• Most were still tied to land by Feudalism
• Some were artisans(skilled labor)

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Cont Commoners

• Bourgeoisie middle class
• 8 of the population
• Owned 20-25 of the land
• Included Merchants, lawyers, bankers, doctors,
  held public offices, writers
• Double edge sword Some lived like nobility,
  while others were peasants.
• Both wanted to Rebel!

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B. Financial Crisis

• Bad Harvests
• Food shortages
• Inflation (prices rise) WHY?
• Unemployment
• 1/3 of the population is poor
• Money goes to War, King Louis XVI luxuries, etc.

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Snap shot of the French Revolution

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vIF4lPWU_qxYfeature
  related

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Last Straw

• Third estate is not happy. Knows first and second
  estate will join together.
• They separate and make the National Assembly
• Create a new constitution and the Tennis Court
  Oath

• King Louis XVI needed to raise taxes
• Calls for the Estates to meet at Versailles
• First and Second Estate decide to form a
  Constitutional Monarchy and each get one vote

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Smart Start

• What situations or events are allowing the
  revolution to be taking place?

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Now, Would the King be Happy?

• King sent out reinforcement to get the rebellious
  Third Estate
• But the peasants beat him to the punch
• Stormed the Bastille(pg. 328) (Loaded with
  weapons and was a prison)
• Took it down brick by brick
• Started the Great Fear

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Down with the King and on with Man!

• National Assembly adopted
• Declaration of the Rights of Man (page 332 and
  336)
• What did this copy?
• Who did it refer to?

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Women take charge and DEMAND!!!!!

• Women storm the Palace of Versailles and demand
  the King and Queen to feed their children
• Up to this point, the King and Queen ignored all
  that was going on
• The women forced the royal family back to Paris
  and from this point on they became prisoners of
  the revolution

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Church attacked as well

• National Assembly in need of money
• Seizes all lands of the Church and sells
• Forced to create a new constitution that stated
• Officials of the church are to be elected by the
  people
• They were then to be paid by the state which made
  the Government in control of religion

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New Constitution, Fear, War lead closer to the
end of King

• N. A. developed Constitution of 1791
• Limited monarchy (King would be a figure and new
  government would make the laws)
• Officials would be elected (those only who paid
  specific amount in taxes and over 25)

• By 1791,old order gone, but some were still not
  happy and felt left behind
• King Louis made things hard and tried to flee
  Paris.
• Other countries feared revolution in their
  countries, so they attacked France

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War declared on France 1792

• Everywhere you hear the cry that the king is
  betraying us, the generals are betraying us, that
  nobody can be trustedthat Paris will be taken in
  six weeks by the Austrianswe are on a volcano
  ready to spout flames Observer of the revolution

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More Change of Power

• People unhappy about the war
• People were starving, defeated, and miserable
• Created the Paris Commune
• Took the King Captive
• Called themselves ordinary patriots without fine
  clothes.
• Wanted the right to vote
• Most were the elite of their neighborhoods

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Power in demandso is blood!

• People call for the head of King Louis 16th
• Want to end the old regime
• Jean Paul Marat Newspaper editor Friend of the
  people enflames peoples hatred for the elite,
  clergy, and king.
• He himself is murdered (Charlotte Corday) in 1793

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Head of the king does not solve the problems

• Factions develop These are dissenting groups of
  previous revolutionary groups who take matters
  into own hands
• Could not decide whether or not to kill the king
• A. Mountain (represented radicals in Paris)
• B. Girondins (represented provinces outside of
  Paris)

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Read aloud the fate of King Louis XVI (pg. 338)
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More problems arise

• Favoritism
• Refusal of the new rule and power
• European monarchs(Prussia, Austria, Spain,
  Portugal, Britain, and Netherlands) outraged at
  the Kings death
• Committee of Public Safety developed in response
  to invasion

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The Call for EVERYONES head!

• Reign of Terror (1793-1794)
• Maxmilien Robsepierre gains power (page 338)
• Wipe out those who opposed the new regime
• Close to 40,000 were put to the guillotine
• Could be anyone (Read page 340 Crushing
  Rebellion)
• Revolution gets out of control

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Republic of Virtue?

• Read with a partner The Republic of Virtue pg.
  320
• What changes were being made?
• Were they positive or negative?
• What do you think will happen next?

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What about the Young People in France during this
time?

• Read out loud with partner Young People page
  340-341

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Nation in Arms and the Directory

• French government raised a huge army to defend
  itself
• Napoleon in charge and successful
• Creates a sense of Nationalism (Pride in ones
  country)

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Down with Robspierre

• Robspierre beheaded
• Directory is formed..But what is it?
• Read the last red heading on page 342 to find
  out. Take own notes.

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Video Liberte, Egalite, Fraternite

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vwXsZbkt0yqo

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NAPOLEON RISES TO POWER!

• Complete the sequence chart on page 351 for
  tomorrow
• You can also be working on your stories and final
  exam study guide! ?