V. Collapse of Napoleon

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V. Collapse of Napoleons Empire
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A. Napoleons Luck Runs Out

• 1807 Napoleon controls most of Europe
• Enemies began to grow stronger
• Copy his military methods
• Nationalism Belief that each nation (group of
  people) should have their own country

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B. End is Near

• Napoleons personality is a major reason for his
  downfall
• I love power, as a musician loves his violin
• Always wanted more land power

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C. Napoleons 3 Major Mistakes

• 1st Mistake
• Continental System Napoleon orders a naval
  blockade to prevent trade between Britain and
  Europe
• Wanted to starve Britain into submission
• Blockade was never effective

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• Britain reacted by forcing all neutral ships to
  pass through Britain
• U.S. gets involved in the middle because they
  trade with both countries
• War of 1812 Result of the blockade

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Major Result

• Continental system weakened Frances economy more
  than Britains

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2nd Mistake

• Peninsular War Napoleon invades Portugal who
  refused to follow the continental system
• Invades Portugal through Spain
• Spanish people rioted in protest
• Napoleon exiles the Spanish King and puts his
  brother Joseph on the throne

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• Britain allies with Spain and Portugal
• Guerrilla forces strike Napoleons army and kill
  around 300,000 men

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Third of May
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3rd Mistake

• Russia was Frances ally but refused to stop
  selling grain to Britain
• Grand Army 600,000 troops invade Russia in May
  1812
• Russia does not send an army to fight
• Instead, they flee deeper into Russia

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• Scorched-Earth Policy As Russians fled they
  destroy fields, kill livestock, and burn entire
  towns
• No food is left for French soldiers
• September 1812 Napoleon captures Moscow
• Expects Russians to sign a peace treaty

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• Waits in Moscow for 5 weeks Russians began to
  burn Moscow
• November 1812 Orders his starving troops to
  retreat
• Troops have no winter gear and Russian forces
  began to attack as they retreated
• Only 10,000 men are left fit to fight

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Burning of Moscow
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Retreat of the Grand Army
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D. Napoleons Downfall

• Formation of the 4th Coalition
• Britain, Russia, Prussia, Sweden
• Takes the offensive
• Napoleons army lacks skilled veterans and the
  4th Coalition captures Paris
• Elba Napoleon is sent to this island in exile

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Napoleon Abdication of His crown
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• Louis XVIII The brother of Louis XVI, becomes
  king of France

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E. The Hundred Days

• March 1, 1815 Napoleon escapes Elba and returns
  to France
• Thousands of his former men join him
• Louis XVIII is forced to flee Paris
• European allies quickly join together

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F. Final Defeat

• Battle of Waterloo Napoleon is finally defeated
  for good by the 4th Coalition
• St. Helena Far off island that Napoleon is sent
  to
• Dies there in 1821 from cancer

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Napoleons Final Defeat at WaterlooJune 18, 1815
Prussian General Blücher
DukeofWellington
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Battle of Waterloo
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Death of Napoleon
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Napoleons Tomb
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Hitler Visits Napoleons Tomb June 28, 1940