Matter and Change

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Matter and Change

• Unit 1

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Matter

• Matter- anything that takes up space has mass
• Properties of Matter (Substance)
• Mass amount of matter an object contains
• Physical property quality of a substance that
  can be seen or measured without changing the
  substances composition, can be used to identify
  a substance.
• Color Density
• Solubility (ability to dissolve) Melting point
• Odor Boiling point
• Hardness

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density mass/Volume

• d m/V

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Physical Properties of Matter- States of
Matter

• Solid
• matter that has definite volume shape
• Particles vibrate around a fixed position

• Liquid
• matter that flows
• has definite volume, not shape

• Gas
• matter that has no definite volume or shape,
  takes the shape volume of its container
• Moves freely and randomly

• Plasma
• high temperature state where the electrons are
  pulled away from the nucleus of the atom, called
  ionized gas
• Moves freely and randomly

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States of Matter- What state of matter is
represented by each picture?
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Physical Changes

• A change in matter that does NOT change the
  composition of the substance
• Melting/ Freezing
• Boiling/ Condensing
• CHANGING STATES OF
• MATTER IS A PHYSICAL
• CHANGE!!!
• Dissolving
• Break/ Cut/ Tear
• Grind/ Crush

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Chemical Change

• A change in which one or more substances is
  changed into a different substance, something new
  is formed.
• A chemical reaction

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Examples

• Burn/ explode
• Rot/ decompose
• Ferment
• Digest
• Corrode/ rust

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Chemical Properties

• Ability of a substance to undergo a chemical
  reaction and form something new
• Flammability/ Immflamability
• Reactivity
• Oxidation
• Acidity/ Basicity

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Mixtures physical blend of 2 or more substances

• Heterogeneous mixture not uniform in
  composition, can easily distinguish separate
  components
• Homogeneous mixture uniform in composition,
  cannot see each separate component

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Solutions Some Terms to Know

• Solute the stuff that gets dissolved
• Solvent the stuff doing the dissolving

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Another Name for Homogeneous Mixture ? Solutions

• Types of Solutions (solute-solvent)
• Gas-Gas air (CO2 in N2)
• Liquid-Gas water vapor in air
• Gas-Liquid CO2 in soda
• Liquid-Liquid vinegar (acetic acid in water)
• Solid-Liquid salt water
• Solid-Solid sterling silver (copper in silver)

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Separating a Mixture

• 1. Physically removing pieces

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Separating a Mixture

• Distillation a liquid is boiled to produce a
  vapor that is then condensed again to a liquid.
  Based on a mixture of 2 liquids that have
  different boiling points.

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Separating a Mixture

• Chromatography used to separate a mixture in
  which the components or pigments are 2 or more
  different colors.