DNA%20Fingerprinting - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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DNA%20Fingerprinting

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DNA fingerprinting has advantages over other sources of evidence ... Can be gathered from trace crime scene evidence. How do you take a DNA fingerprint? – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: DNA%20Fingerprinting


1
DNA Fingerprinting
2
Why Use DNA Fingerprinting?
  • DNA fingerprinting is a way of telling
    individuals of the same species apart
  • DNA sequences are variable and can therefore be
    used as identifying characteristics.
  • DNA fingerprinting has advantages over other
    sources of evidence (fingerprints, blood type,
    etc.)
  • Highly accurate.
  • Can be gathered from trace crime scene evidence.

3
How do you take a DNA fingerprint?
  • One way Restriction Fragment Length
    Polymorphisms (huh?) ? aka RFLP
  • Restriction enzymes are molecules that can cut
    DNA into pieces --gt each enzyme cuts at a very
    specific DNA sequence
  • While all human beings share roughly the same DNA
    sequence, there are in fact a small number of
    differences ? these differences can be seen by
    restriction enzymes

4
RFLP Animation
5
Individual 1
DNA
6
Individual 2
7
Individual 1 vs. Individual 2
Individual 1
Individual 2
8
Summary
  • Essentially, once the DNA has been cut by the
    enzymes, we will have DNA fragments of various
    sizes
  • Each individuals banding patterns should be
    different because the restriction enzymes will
    cut each persons DNA at different points
  • Fragments of different sizes will travel
    different distances along a gel when an electric
    current is passed through it

9
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis
Different banding patterns from different
individuals
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