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The%20Protestant%20Reformation

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Title: The%20Protestant%20Reformation


1
The Protestant Reformation
  • This material should be a review from your
    individual reading and work completed. Read the
    text for further explanation.
  • 1. What do you know about the Protestant
    Reformation?
  • 2. Who was Martin Luther?
  • 3. Read the Main Idea on the TOP of p. 449 and
    explain how the Protestant Reformation will
    influence the catholic church.

2
The Protestant Reformation
  • Objectives
  • 1. Analyze corruption in the catholic church in
    order to understand WHY new religious groups
    (churches) were formed, and how the catholic
    church reacted.
  • 2. Analyze the political strife within the
    Germanic provinces and how people joined the
    religious movement to try to distance themselves
    from the outside authority.

3
The CAUSE
  • Roman Catholic Church
  • Did not meet spiritual needs of Church
  • Concerned w/ worldly pursuits
  • Had mistresses, illegitimate children, built
    large palaces, etc
  • Needed money to finance expensive habits
  • Sold indulgences
  • pardons issued to reduce time in purgatory
  • (when the coin in the coffer rings, a soul from
    hell springs)
  • sold indulgences to gain for art/buildings

4
Martin Luther
  • German monk and professor in Wittenberg
  • Teachings of the Church
  • good works and faith led to salvation
  • Indulgences could make up for bad deeds
  • Luther believed
  • Salvation- justified by faith alone
  • did not believe one could work or buy their way
    into heaven
  • Bible- only source for religious truth
  • Got rid of man-made church traditions and
    followed ONLY what the Bible stated
  • didnt need priest for confession b/c of Jesus
  • Christ was the head of the church, not the Pope
  • very upset by sale of indulgences
  • (led people away from true salvation)
  • Nailed 95 Theses to church door (1517) attacking
    indulgences
  • copies spread (printing press)
  • Translated Bible into German for the people
  • 1520 further split from Church

5
Martin Luther
  • http//www.youtube.com/watch?vrZ3AFZXXX-klistPL
    C8ACBA72AB38CB21

6
Political Causes
  • German provinces Holy Roman Empire
  • Controlled by non-Germanic emperor
  • Charles V (HRE)/Charles I (Spain)
  • ruled most of Europe
  • wanted to keep all his lands united and under
    Catholic Church
  • Local Germanic rulers supported Luther against
    Charles V to prove their independence from the
    HRE
  • Glad to break away from corrupt church who
    controlled them
  • Wanted to rule themselves, not by outsider
  • Political reason to break away from churchnot
    just religious
  • 1555- forced Charles to sign the Peace of
    Augsburg each ruler to choose religion

7
John Calvin
  • Protestantism
  • The name given for people who protested the
    church and created new reformed churches
  • -many reformers began new churches, there was
    no ONE protestant church like the ONE Roman
    Catholic Church.
  • Predestination
  • Idea of John Calvin God chooses who is
    saved/damned before they lived (destiny was
    pre-set)
  • 1536- Calvin structured the city of Geneva,
    Switzerland as example of a city of God
  • Rules on colors of clothing, no jewelry, no
    dancing, no singing, church attendance mandatory,
    etc.

8
Check
  • 1. What was Luthers argument against the church
    in terms of helping people get to heaven?
  • 2. Why would the church feel threatened by Luther
    and his teachings?
  • 3. Where was Luther spreading his ideas of the
    church?
  • 4. How did Luther believe people received
    salvation?

9
  • The following chart on the Protestant Reformers
    is for review and optional.
  • Try completing it without the book first.

10
Protestant Reformers (Ch.15, Sec. 3)
Name Place Ideas
Luther
Zwingli
Calvin
Knox
Anabaptists
Henry VIII
11
The Reformation and Counter Reformation
QUESTIONS 1. What is the Protestant
Reformation? 2. Who is Martin Luther and why is
he significant? 3. How did geography and the
power struggle between political leaders and the
church assist Martin Luther in his cause?
12
  • On the following slide
  • You do NOT need to record/ memorize
  • all six of Henry VIIIs wives
  • - you do need to know his first wife
  • - you do need to know his three children since
  • they all rule England after him
  • - you do need to understand WHY England changes
    from being a Catholic country to a Protestant
    country ( Henry VIII- but why?)

13
Reformation in England
  • Henry VIII Pope called him Defender of the
    Faith
  • wife (Catherine- Spanish princess) only had
    daughter (Mary)
  • Needed son (heir) to carry on Tudor line
  • Divorce not given Henry VIII left catholic
    church
  • Wives divorced, beheaded, dieddivorced,
    beheaded, survived
  • Catherine, Princess of Spain- staunch Catholic
    divorced Mary
  • Anne Boleyn, English- protestant, bewitched
    Henry beheaded Elizabeth
  • Jane Seymour, English died in childbirth Edward
    (Henry is buried with Jane)
  • Anne of Cleves- German Princess, ugly fat
    (according to H.) divorced
  • Katherine Howard, English, 15yrs, A.Bs cousin,
    adultery- beheaded
  • Catherine Parr- English- survived him (mother for
    kids)
  • 2 changes in Church of England
  • 1) King head of church (Act of Supremacy)
  • 2) king could get a divorce
  • everything else same as Catholic church

14
Henry, Henry, Henry
  • http//www.youtube.com/watch?v3EGzHsye71c
  • Horrible Histories Laws of the Tudors
  • http//www.youtube.com/watch?vxXSyQVWz_A8

15
Reformation in England
  • Edward VI (son)
  • Ruled for a short time before dying (sickly)
  • Advisors strengthened break w/ Catholic church
  • Gave Church lands to nobles to gain support
  • Mary came to throne
  • tried to force England back to Catholicism
  • killed over 300 Protestants at one time (Bloody
    Mary)
  • Married Spanish King became sick and died
  • Elizabeth became queen
  • advisors went back to Protestantism
  • Was the son Henry always wanted
  • Seen as Golden Age in English history
  • Most beloved ruler in English history (to most)
  • Never married

16
Reformation in England
Was Henry justified in breaking from the Church?
17
Clips from Elizabeth
  • Sickly Queen Mary and a healthy Elizabeth
  • Elizabeth being crowned
  • "No Master
  • The Transformation from girl into Queen Elizabeth
    I
  • Elizabeth The Golden Age (exploration, war
    w/Spain, Mary Queen of Scots)

18
Counter Reformation/Catholic Reformation
  • RC weakened greatly by Protestant Reformation,
    things changed in 16th Century
  • formation of the Jesuits
  • reform of the papacy
  • Council of Trent- addressed corruption
  • Jesuits (Society of Jesus)
  • founded by Ignatius Loyola
  • took vow of absolute obedience to pope
  • very missionary minded, education spread message
  • 1545 Council of Trent
  • faith good works - 7 sacraments
  • celibacy of priests - indulgences ok, but no
    selling
  • clear body of doctrine unified Catholics under
    pope

19
Counter Reformation
20
  • The following chart comparing the Roman Catholic
    Church and the Protestant beliefs is for review
    and optional.
  • Try completing it without the book first.

21
Evolution of Western Christianity
  • Compare Catholicism and Protestantism (p. 449-460)

Issue Catholicism Protestantism
How to get to heaven
Head of Christian Church
Clergy can marry?
Indulgences?
Practices should come from where/whom?
How are Christians seen on a social level? Equal?
22
For additional review
  • Not assigned Spring 2015

23
Explain.
  • 1. Explain how the political scene in Western
    Europe aided the protestant cause during the
    Protestant Reformation.
  • 2. Explain the differences among protestant
    beliefs.
  • 3. What is the technical term for Henry VIII
    severing his marriage to Catherine of Aragon,
    declaring it invalid due to church law?
  • 4. Explain the importance of Jesuits to the
    Counter Reformation. How did the Counter
    Reformation differ from the Reformation?

24
Newscast Reformations
  • With your group, you are going to create a
    newscast on the Protestant and Counter
    Reformations
  • (think 5 Wswho, what, when, where, why)
  • You need
  • Anchor(s)
  • Interviewer(s) in the field
  • Guest(s) to interview
  • Write at least a 1-page dialogue for your
    newscast, make sure every person has their own
    part recorded so you can perform it easier. A few
    will BE PERFORMED TODAY.
  • Have fun with it..

25
Example Newscast
  • Anchor Enter Name-
  • From the studio we are going to our Special
    Correspondent who is standing by with a
    protester! Mrs. Varghese, tell us about this
    protester.
  • Mrs. Varghese
  • Yes, Hello _______ . Here I find myself on this
    cold dark and dreary day talking to none other
    than the man who started this whole thing.Mr.
    Martin Luther.
  • Anchor-
  • Oh, wow, so you are actually conversing with THE
    Martin Luther? Tell us what he has been doing
    today while protesting and what exactly is his
    motivation for protesting this seemingly holy
    organization of the church.
  • Mrs. Varghese
  • Mr. Luther, what is your motivation for
    protesting and how have you been protesting?
  • Martin Luther-
  • Greetings and God Bless to everyone listening.
    Due to the corruption within the church and the
    wrongful leading of the innocent to the depths of
    hell, I find myself nailing my 95 Theses on the
    door here at the local church in Wittenburg,
    Germany.
  • Mrs. Varghese
  • And what response has the church given you, Mr.
    Luther? Oh, my goodness, Anchor _______ we
    have some angry people shouting at Mr.
    Luther.Wait.. I think my sound has been
    disconnectedhello?
  • BREAKING NEWS- The Counter Reformation is
    beginning.

26
OR
27
Reformation Posters
  • -Create a poster from either the
  • Protestant Reformers
    perspective or
  • perspective of the Catholic
    Church
  • Example
  • Choose a specific Protestant Reformer and show
    what they believed (Luther, Calvin, Zwingli,
    Henry VIII, Anabaptists)
  • OR
  • Choose a reason the Catholic church thought the
    Protestant Reformers/groups were radical and
    heretics
  • Must be in color, use entire piece of paper,
    correct spelling, legible, neat, accurate, etc.

28
Clips on Elizabeth The Golden Age
  • Things on which to take notes
  • Catholic v. Protestant relations
  • Power struggle (religion IS political)
  • Absolutism (monarchs with absolute power)
  • Historical characters
  • Elizabeth
  • Mary, Queen of Scots
  • Phillip II of Spain
  • Sir Walter Raleigh
  • Fire ships and Spanish Armada
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