Title: The%20Protestant%20Reformation
1The Protestant Reformation
- This material should be a review from your
individual reading and work completed. Read the
text for further explanation. -
- 1. What do you know about the Protestant
Reformation? - 2. Who was Martin Luther?
- 3. Read the Main Idea on the TOP of p. 449 and
explain how the Protestant Reformation will
influence the catholic church.
2The Protestant Reformation
- Objectives
- 1. Analyze corruption in the catholic church in
order to understand WHY new religious groups
(churches) were formed, and how the catholic
church reacted. - 2. Analyze the political strife within the
Germanic provinces and how people joined the
religious movement to try to distance themselves
from the outside authority.
3The CAUSE
- Roman Catholic Church
- Did not meet spiritual needs of Church
- Concerned w/ worldly pursuits
- Had mistresses, illegitimate children, built
large palaces, etc - Needed money to finance expensive habits
- Sold indulgences
- pardons issued to reduce time in purgatory
- (when the coin in the coffer rings, a soul from
hell springs) - sold indulgences to gain for art/buildings
4Martin Luther
- German monk and professor in Wittenberg
- Teachings of the Church
- good works and faith led to salvation
- Indulgences could make up for bad deeds
- Luther believed
- Salvation- justified by faith alone
- did not believe one could work or buy their way
into heaven - Bible- only source for religious truth
- Got rid of man-made church traditions and
followed ONLY what the Bible stated - didnt need priest for confession b/c of Jesus
- Christ was the head of the church, not the Pope
- very upset by sale of indulgences
- (led people away from true salvation)
- Nailed 95 Theses to church door (1517) attacking
indulgences - copies spread (printing press)
- Translated Bible into German for the people
- 1520 further split from Church
5Martin Luther
- http//www.youtube.com/watch?vrZ3AFZXXX-klistPL
C8ACBA72AB38CB21
6Political Causes
- German provinces Holy Roman Empire
- Controlled by non-Germanic emperor
- Charles V (HRE)/Charles I (Spain)
- ruled most of Europe
- wanted to keep all his lands united and under
Catholic Church - Local Germanic rulers supported Luther against
Charles V to prove their independence from the
HRE - Glad to break away from corrupt church who
controlled them - Wanted to rule themselves, not by outsider
- Political reason to break away from churchnot
just religious - 1555- forced Charles to sign the Peace of
Augsburg each ruler to choose religion
7John Calvin
- Protestantism
- The name given for people who protested the
church and created new reformed churches - -many reformers began new churches, there was
no ONE protestant church like the ONE Roman
Catholic Church. -
- Predestination
- Idea of John Calvin God chooses who is
saved/damned before they lived (destiny was
pre-set) - 1536- Calvin structured the city of Geneva,
Switzerland as example of a city of God - Rules on colors of clothing, no jewelry, no
dancing, no singing, church attendance mandatory,
etc.
8Check
- 1. What was Luthers argument against the church
in terms of helping people get to heaven? - 2. Why would the church feel threatened by Luther
and his teachings? - 3. Where was Luther spreading his ideas of the
church? - 4. How did Luther believe people received
salvation?
9- The following chart on the Protestant Reformers
is for review and optional. - Try completing it without the book first.
10Protestant Reformers (Ch.15, Sec. 3)
Name Place Ideas
Luther
Zwingli
Calvin
Knox
Anabaptists
Henry VIII
11The Reformation and Counter Reformation
QUESTIONS 1. What is the Protestant
Reformation? 2. Who is Martin Luther and why is
he significant? 3. How did geography and the
power struggle between political leaders and the
church assist Martin Luther in his cause?
12- On the following slide
- You do NOT need to record/ memorize
- all six of Henry VIIIs wives
- - you do need to know his first wife
- - you do need to know his three children since
- they all rule England after him
- - you do need to understand WHY England changes
from being a Catholic country to a Protestant
country ( Henry VIII- but why?)
13Reformation in England
- Henry VIII Pope called him Defender of the
Faith - wife (Catherine- Spanish princess) only had
daughter (Mary) - Needed son (heir) to carry on Tudor line
- Divorce not given Henry VIII left catholic
church - Wives divorced, beheaded, dieddivorced,
beheaded, survived - Catherine, Princess of Spain- staunch Catholic
divorced Mary - Anne Boleyn, English- protestant, bewitched
Henry beheaded Elizabeth - Jane Seymour, English died in childbirth Edward
(Henry is buried with Jane) - Anne of Cleves- German Princess, ugly fat
(according to H.) divorced - Katherine Howard, English, 15yrs, A.Bs cousin,
adultery- beheaded - Catherine Parr- English- survived him (mother for
kids) - 2 changes in Church of England
- 1) King head of church (Act of Supremacy)
- 2) king could get a divorce
- everything else same as Catholic church
14Henry, Henry, Henry
- http//www.youtube.com/watch?v3EGzHsye71c
- Horrible Histories Laws of the Tudors
- http//www.youtube.com/watch?vxXSyQVWz_A8
15Reformation in England
- Edward VI (son)
- Ruled for a short time before dying (sickly)
- Advisors strengthened break w/ Catholic church
- Gave Church lands to nobles to gain support
- Mary came to throne
- tried to force England back to Catholicism
- killed over 300 Protestants at one time (Bloody
Mary) - Married Spanish King became sick and died
- Elizabeth became queen
- advisors went back to Protestantism
- Was the son Henry always wanted
- Seen as Golden Age in English history
- Most beloved ruler in English history (to most)
- Never married
16Reformation in England
Was Henry justified in breaking from the Church?
17Clips from Elizabeth
- Sickly Queen Mary and a healthy Elizabeth
- Elizabeth being crowned
- "No Master
- The Transformation from girl into Queen Elizabeth
I - Elizabeth The Golden Age (exploration, war
w/Spain, Mary Queen of Scots)
18Counter Reformation/Catholic Reformation
- RC weakened greatly by Protestant Reformation,
things changed in 16th Century - formation of the Jesuits
- reform of the papacy
- Council of Trent- addressed corruption
- Jesuits (Society of Jesus)
- founded by Ignatius Loyola
- took vow of absolute obedience to pope
- very missionary minded, education spread message
- 1545 Council of Trent
- faith good works - 7 sacraments
- celibacy of priests - indulgences ok, but no
selling - clear body of doctrine unified Catholics under
pope
19Counter Reformation
20- The following chart comparing the Roman Catholic
Church and the Protestant beliefs is for review
and optional. - Try completing it without the book first.
21Evolution of Western Christianity
- Compare Catholicism and Protestantism (p. 449-460)
Issue Catholicism Protestantism
How to get to heaven
Head of Christian Church
Clergy can marry?
Indulgences?
Practices should come from where/whom?
How are Christians seen on a social level? Equal?
22For additional review
23Explain.
- 1. Explain how the political scene in Western
Europe aided the protestant cause during the
Protestant Reformation. - 2. Explain the differences among protestant
beliefs. - 3. What is the technical term for Henry VIII
severing his marriage to Catherine of Aragon,
declaring it invalid due to church law? - 4. Explain the importance of Jesuits to the
Counter Reformation. How did the Counter
Reformation differ from the Reformation?
24Newscast Reformations
- With your group, you are going to create a
newscast on the Protestant and Counter
Reformations - (think 5 Wswho, what, when, where, why)
- You need
- Anchor(s)
- Interviewer(s) in the field
- Guest(s) to interview
- Write at least a 1-page dialogue for your
newscast, make sure every person has their own
part recorded so you can perform it easier. A few
will BE PERFORMED TODAY. - Have fun with it..
25Example Newscast
- Anchor Enter Name-
- From the studio we are going to our Special
Correspondent who is standing by with a
protester! Mrs. Varghese, tell us about this
protester. - Mrs. Varghese
- Yes, Hello _______ . Here I find myself on this
cold dark and dreary day talking to none other
than the man who started this whole thing.Mr.
Martin Luther. - Anchor-
- Oh, wow, so you are actually conversing with THE
Martin Luther? Tell us what he has been doing
today while protesting and what exactly is his
motivation for protesting this seemingly holy
organization of the church. - Mrs. Varghese
- Mr. Luther, what is your motivation for
protesting and how have you been protesting? - Martin Luther-
- Greetings and God Bless to everyone listening.
Due to the corruption within the church and the
wrongful leading of the innocent to the depths of
hell, I find myself nailing my 95 Theses on the
door here at the local church in Wittenburg,
Germany. - Mrs. Varghese
- And what response has the church given you, Mr.
Luther? Oh, my goodness, Anchor _______ we
have some angry people shouting at Mr.
Luther.Wait.. I think my sound has been
disconnectedhello? - BREAKING NEWS- The Counter Reformation is
beginning.
26OR
27 Reformation Posters
- -Create a poster from either the
- Protestant Reformers
perspective or - perspective of the Catholic
Church - Example
- Choose a specific Protestant Reformer and show
what they believed (Luther, Calvin, Zwingli,
Henry VIII, Anabaptists) - OR
- Choose a reason the Catholic church thought the
Protestant Reformers/groups were radical and
heretics - Must be in color, use entire piece of paper,
correct spelling, legible, neat, accurate, etc.
28Clips on Elizabeth The Golden Age
- Things on which to take notes
- Catholic v. Protestant relations
- Power struggle (religion IS political)
- Absolutism (monarchs with absolute power)
- Historical characters
- Elizabeth
- Mary, Queen of Scots
- Phillip II of Spain
- Sir Walter Raleigh
- Fire ships and Spanish Armada