Title: Welcome to a Revolution
1(No Transcript)
2The Road to Revolution
3- Throughout this Powerpoint presentation, you will
be expected to take notes and understand all
elements that are in red.
Overview of The American Revolution!
4Definitionswrit of assistance allowed British
customs officials to search ships for smuggled
items with no warrant or causeboycott to
stop purchasing a good or using a service as a
response to a perceived wrong.
5- committees of correspondence groups formed to
write letters encouraging action against Great
Britain - repeal the removal or reversal of law.
6- minuteman - a small hand-picked fighting force
able to assemble in at a minutes notice. They
were selected from militia muster rolls by their
commanding officers. Typically 25 years of age or
younger, they were chosen for their enthusiasm,
reliability, and physical strength. The Minutemen
were the first armed militia to arrive or await a
battle. - militia - were citizen - soldiers formed to
protect their towns from foreign invasion and
ravages of war.
7More Definitions
- Stamp Act
- Boston Massacre
- Townshend Acts
- Quartering Act
- Boston Tea Party
- Intolerable Acts
You will define these from the following slides
8The French and Indian War
- France and England competed for land in America.
- France tried to protect its land by building
forts in the Ohio River Valley and by befriending
the Indians. - The English settlers angered the Indians by
clearing forests to build farms.
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10- A result of the French and Indian War was that
France lost its lands in both America and Canada - The Indians were not pleased with the British
victory and some decided to fight. - Chief Pontiac successfully fought the British
because he was able to organize different Indian
nations.
11The British Fan the Flames!
- The Proclamation of 1763 angered the colonists
because it stopped them from moving west of the
Appalachian Mountains. - Britain then decided to tax the colonists to help
pay for the French and Indian War. Colonists were
not as upset by the taxes as they were upset that
they had no voice in the government that was
forcing them to pay!
12Sugar Act and Stamp Act
- Sugar Act - British taxed sugar and molasses. Tax
paid by merchants. - Stamp Act - British imposed taxes upon all paper
products and stamped the item once the tax had
been paid. Direct tax on the colonists.
13- The Sons and Daughters of Liberty were organized
to protest British policies, both peacefully and
violently. - The Quartering Act made colonists pay for the
housing of British soldiers but was, in
actuality, another form of tax because it saved
Britain money.
14Protesting the Policies!
- Sons and Daughters of Liberty
- Benjamin Franklins visit to Parliament
15The Boston Massacre
16- Samuel Adams was an agitator and an organizer
who helped start a revolution. John Adams was a
farmer and a lawyer, who helped lead that
revolution.
http//www.knowledgerush.com/wiki_image/6/63/Samue
lAdamsSmall.jpeg
17- Because of the Quartering Act, English
soldiers, who were called redcoats because of
the color of their uniforms, were to be quartered
in American towns.
http//www2.gpmd.com/image/i/imxs0002.jpg
18- Americans didnt want British redcoats quartered
in their towns, or even in their country. - In 1768 the British fleet sailed into Boston
harbor and unloaded regiment after regiment of
redcoats.
http//www.bostonmassacre.net/images/british-troop
s-arriving.jpg
19- So when the soldiers arrived in 1768, the
colonists werent very kind to them. Sometimes
they threw snowballs or rocks.
At first, the people of Boston wouldnt provide
quarters for the redcoats. So the soldiers set up
tents on the big grassy Boston Common.
20- Most of the English soldiers didnt want to be
in America anyway. They were poorly paid, and
many were homesick.
On a freezing March day in 1770, one of the
kings soldiers was looking for work to earn some
extra money. Someone started making fun of him
and told him to get a job cleaning toilets.
http//www.flickr.com/photos/timony/108553670/
21- One thing led to another, and there was a
fight. Soon a noisy, jeering group of
troublemakers gathered in front of the Boston
Custom House.
http//www.authentichistory.com/antebellum/revolut
ion
22- They began pushing and shoving and throwing
stones at the British sentry. He got knocked down
and he called for help.
http//declarationsandexclusions.typepad.com/foolb
log/images/pelham_boston_massacre.jpg
23Capt. Thomas Preston came to the rescue with
eight British soldiers. There is some confusion
about what happened next.
- The mob is said to have taunted the redcoats,
yelling Fire! Fire! Captain Preston is said to
have yelled, Hold your fire! Then a British
soldier was hit with a big stick.
24- He claimed he heard the word fire, so he
fired his gun into the crowd. The street gang
moved forward the redcoats panicked and fired at
unarmed people.
Five Americans die, seven were wounded.
http//www.authentichistory.com/antebellum/revolut
ion
25- Samuel Adams made the most of it. He called it
the Boston Massacre and had Paul Revere engrave a
picture of the scene.
The picture that Paul Revere chose to etch into
a piece of copper, so it could be printed over
and over again, showed British soldiers firing at
peaceful Boston citizens.
http//www.earlyamerica.com/portraits/samadams.htm
l
26 That wasnt the way it had happened Adams and
Revere knew that but the drawing made good
propaganda. It made people furious at the
British.
That drawing was soon seen all over the colonies.
It helped start a war.
27- There is one hero in the story of the Boston
Massacre, John Adams. John didnt want British
soldiers in Boston either. But, he was fair and
he always did what he thought was right.
He believed the redcoats should have a fair
trial. He knew they needed a good lawyer, and he
was one of the best in the colonies.
http//www.americanrevolution.com/ppl_john_adams.h
tml
28- Adams argued that the soldiers had defended
themselves against an angry mob. A Boston jury
found six of the soldiers not guilty. Two
soldiers were found guilty of manslaughter, they
were branded on their thumbs.
http//www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrals/bo
stonmassacre/scene1a.jpg
29More Taxes!!!!
30The Townshend Acts taxed imported goods brought
into the colonies, such as glass, paper, paint,
lead, and tea. Townshend thought that duties,
which were collected before the goods entered the
colonies, would anger the colonists less than the
direct taxes of the Stamp Act. The money raised
would be used to pay the salaries of British
governors and other officials in the colonies.
Samuel Adams led the protest against the
Townshend Acts.
31Declaratory Act said that Parliament had supreme
authority to govern the colonies.
32From Bad to Worse The Boston Tea Party!
33- The chief goal of the Tea Act was to raise money
for the British East India Company which was in
financial trouble - The Boston Tea Party was a bold and daring move
in which the colonists dumped thousands of pounds
of tea into the harbor in protest of the Tea Act
34Colonists react!
No Taxation Without Representation!
35Boston Tea Party
- Lower price on British tea
- Colonists still pay taxes
- Boycotted British tea
- Sons of Liberty dressed in disguise and dumped
British tea overboard
36- In response to the Boston Tea Party, Parliament
created the Coercive Acts which colonists called
the Intolerable Acts - 1. limited town meetings to once a year
- 2. shut down the port of Boston
- 3. established a new Quartering Act.
- 4.British officers who commit a crime would stand
trial in Great Britain!
37The Shot Heard Round the World
- The Intolerable Acts angered Americans who formed
the First Continental Congress. Delegates decided
to unite against Britain. They agreed to boycott
British goods, stop exporting American goods to
England, and form militias. They also sent The
Olive Branch Petition to King George in a final
attempt to avoid war.
38First Continental Congress meets in Philadelphia
39- The First Continental Congress marked a key step
in American history. - Although most delegates were not ready to call
for independence, they were determined to uphold
colonial rights. - This meeting planted the seeds of a future
independent government.
40- The majority of the colonists were neutral or
Loyalist. They did not want to leave the Mother
Country and were happy with the protection of
the greatest military force in the world.
Patriots felt that we should be independent of
England - It was too late though. War was inevitable.
41- Minutemen were busy training throughout
Massachusetts. - The British discovered that a large store of arms
was being hidden in Concord and sent out troops
to seize them by surprise. - The Sons of Liberty saw them leave, and Paul
Revere alerted the countryside.
42Conflict at Lexington and Concord
43- 70 armed minutemen were waiting for the British
in the town of Lexington outside of Concord. - The British ordered the minutemen to go home. The
colonists refused to obey. - A shot rang out and the troops fired. Eight
minutemen were killed.
44- When the British troops reached Concord, they
found that the store of arms had already been
removed. They headed back to Boston. Now the
minutemen were waiting for them. - All along the road from Concord to Boston,
farmers, blacksmiths, saddle makers, and clerks
hid behind trees, rocks, and fences. - By the time the redcoats reached Boston, more
than 200 were wounded and 73 were dead.
45- Why do people call the first gunshot at Lexington
the Shot Heard Round the World?
46Second Continental Congress
Representatives brought money to help establish
the Continental Army (i.e. pay soldiers, buy
guns, bullets, food, and uniforms
47THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE!!!
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all
men are created equal, that they are endowed by
their Creator with certain unalienable Rights,
that among these are Life, Liberty and the
pursuit of Happiness. Richard Henry Lee of
Virginia proposed the resolution that all of the
Colonists ties with Britain be dissolved!
48Who was involved?
- Benjamin Franklin
- John Adams
- Robert R. Livingston
- Roger Sherman
- Thomas Jefferson was the primary author
49So that King George could read it without his
glasses
Made sure his signature was large!
50What happened to the men who risked their lives
to sign?
See Word document The Price they paid and
Declaration of Independence The Signing 1776
51What happened after it was signed and where is it
now?
Review and Intro to next unit.