Cell Organelles - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Cell Organelles

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Cell Organelles The different structures of the cell Cell Wall: a rigid covering Rigid outer layer found in plant and bacteria cells. Provides protection from ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Cell Organelles


1
Cell Organelles
  • The different structures of the cell

2
Cell Wall a rigid covering
  • Rigid outer layer found in plant and bacteria
    cells.
  • Provides protection from physical injury
  • Provides skeletal support.
  • Contains openings that make it totally permeable.

3
Plasma Membrane the fluid gate
  • Composed of protein of lipid (fat) molecules.
  • Acts as a boundary to contain cytoplasm
  • Selectively permeable membrane to select
    chemicals that can pass in and out of cells.

4
Cytoplasm the medium for movement
  • Jelly-like material that fills cells.
  • Made mostly of water.
  • Serves as a molecular soup in which organelles
    are suspended in.
  • The medium for transport.

5
Cytoskeleton the scaffolding
  • Microtubules and microfilaments provide structure
    and support for the cell.

6
Nucleus the command center
  • Consists of nuclear envelope, nucleolus,
    chromatin, and nucleoplasm
  • Long thin strands of chromatin (DNA) contains
    instructions for cell metabolism and heredity.
  • Nuclear membrane has pores for movement of
    materials in and out of nucleus.

7
Endoplasmic ReticulumSmooth Rough
  • Large workspace for the cell.
  • Rough appearance due to the presence of
    ribosomes
  • Smooth ER connected to Rough ER.
  • Smooth ER has different functions for different
    cells. Storage of enzymes, and the production and
    storage of lipids.

8
Mitochondria Power packs
  • Create ATP - the cells chemical energy.
  • Can number from 1 to 1000s inside eukaryotic
    cells.
  • Folds in the Cristae increase the surface area
    for addition production of ATPs
  • Matrix inside contains hundreds of enzymes.

9
Golgi Apparatus
  • Mainly devoted to processing the proteins
    synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
  • Modifies the proteins for distribution.

10
Lysosomes Cleaning up
  • Contain powerful enzymes which can be used to
    break down large food particles into smaller
    molecules or destroy damaged organelles.
  • Might digest healthy organelles to provide the
    cell with extra energy.

11
VacuolesStorage and packaging
  • Membrane-bound sacs found in cytoplasm. Same type
    of material as the plasma membrane.
  • Help in waste disposal, transport, storage, and
    growth.
  • Much larger in plant cells. They aid in giving
    the plant cell support when filled with water.
  • Also store important substances like salts,
    minerals, and nutrients.
  • Contractile vacuoles are specialized to pump
    water out of the cell.

12
Vesicles transport carries
  • Small vacuoles
  • Usually formed at Golgi apparatus.
  • Carry protein molecules to other organelles or
    the plasma membrane.

13
Ribosome the protein workbench
  • Site of protein synthesis
  • Found on the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Inside the cell animation. Click here.
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