Chapter 1 Technology

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Chapter 1 Technology Science
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• State Performance Indicator
• ?SPI 0807.T/E.2-Evaluate a protocol to determine
  if the engineering design process was
  successfully applied.
• ?SPI 0807.T/E.3-Distinguish between the intended
  benefits and the unintended consequences of a new
  technology.
• ?SPI 0807.T/E.4-Differentiate between adaptive
  and assistive engineered products (Ex food,
  biofuels, medicines, integrated pest management).

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What Is Technology?

• ?Technology refers to the products and processes
  that are designed to serve our needs.
• Technology also refers to the tools and methods
  for creating these products.
• Technology applies to any product, process, or
  knowledge that is developed to meet a need.

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• Engineering is the process of creating
  technology.
• Scientists, inventors, business owners, artists,
  and even students have also engineered new
  technologies.
• Anyone can follow the engineering design process
  to solve a problem or address a need.

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How Does Science Relate to Technology?

• Engineering uses scientific knowledge to develop
  technologies.
• Engineers use science and mathematics to create
  new technologies that serve human needs.
• There are many different types of engineers who
  develop a variety of very different products.

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What is the Engineering Design Process?

• The engineering design process has similarities
  to the scientific process.
• Like the scientific process, some steps may
  require repeating or modifying to fit different
  needs.

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Step 1 Ask Identifying Researching a Need

• Engineers define and describe the need or problem
  they are trying to solve.
• Research provides engineers with information for
  problem solving.

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Step 2 Imagine Developing Possible Solutions

• Brainstorming is the process in which a group of
  people share ideas quickly to promote additional
  ideas.
• Sometimes a possible solution to the problem
  comes from these ideas or it may take more time
  and thought.

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Step 3 Plan Making a prototype

• A prototype is a test model of the product.
• Prototypes allow engineers to see if their design
  works the way they expect it to.

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Step 4 Create Testing and Evaluating

• Prototypes are tested and evaluated.
• Engineers complete a cost-benefit analysis to
  make sure that the cost of designing and
  producing the new product is worth its benefit.

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Step 5 Improve Modifying Retesting the Solution

• If a prototype was not successful or did not work
  well, engineers would either modify their
  prototype or try a new solution.
• It is important that the engineers consider what
  was learned from the first prototype before they
  begin the design process again.

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Step 6 Communication

• Engineers often need to share their successes,
  failures, and reasoning with others.
• Engineers may explain and promote the technology
  to customers, or they may communicate with the
  public through news releases, advertisements, or
  journals.

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Technology and Society

• Technology provides solutions for many types of
  social, political, and economic needs.
• Intended Benefit- An intended benefit is the
  positive purpose for which a technology is
  designed to be used.
• Unintended Consequences- Unintended consequences
  are uses or results that engineers do not
  purposely include in the design of products. An
  unintended consequence can be beneficial.

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What is Bioengineering?

• The application of engineering to living things,
  such as humans and plants, is called
  bioengineering.
• Bioengineered technologies can be classified as
  either assistive or adaptive.

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• Assistive technologies are developed to help
  organisms without changing them. Such as glasses,
  contacts, crutches, wheel chair, cane, hearing
  aid
• Adaptive bioengineered products change the
  living organism. Such as cochlear implant, pace
  maker, organ transplant, bioengineered products
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