Working with Analogies

1
Working with Analogies
Choose a logical word to complete an analogy,
using synonyms, antonyms, homonyms,
categories/subcategories, whole/part, functions,
verb forms, rhymes, scrambled words, homophones. 
2
Analogies test your ability to

• Recognize the relationship between the words in a
  word pair
• Recognize when two word pairs display equal
  relationships

3
Old
Young
4
To answer an analogy question you must

• Recognize the relationship between the words in
  the given word pair
• Select the answer containing words related to one
  another in most nearly the same way
• Recognize when two word pairs display equal
  relationships

5
Analogies look like this

• Up Down Over Under
• Up is to Down as Over is to Under

6
In what ways could these pairs of words be
related?

• The relationship will always have to do with the
  meaning of the words

7
Examples of possible relationships in an analogy

• Synonyms or antonyms
• A part to the whole
• A member to the category that contains it
• Cause to effect (or effect to cause)
• Varying degrees of a quantity or quality
• Object to function

8
Here is one example of Synonym relationships

• InfantBabyGrown-Up _________?

InfantBabyGrown-UpAdult
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Here is one example of Antonym relationships

• BigSmallFull_______?

BigSmallFullEmpty
10
Here is one example of Part to Whole
relationships

• WheelCarBranch_______?

WheelCarBranchTree
11
Here is one example of Member to Category
relationships

• AppleFruitCarrot_______?

AppleFruitCarrotVegetable
12
Here is one example Matters of Degree
relationships

• WarmHotCool______?

WarmHotCoolFrigid
13
Here is one example of Object to Function
relationships

• TruckTransportOven______?

TruckTransportOvenbake
14
I-TryCan you identify the relationship?

1. Synonyms or antonyms
2. A part to the whole
3. A member to the category that contains it
4. Cause to effect (or effect to cause)
5. Varying degrees of a quantity or quality
6. Object to function

• PLATOONSOLDIER
• HOTSCALDING
• STARVATIONBINGING
• GILLSBREATHING
• PERSUASIVECONVINCING
• SOCCERSPORT

15
PRACTICECan you identify the relationship?

1. Synonyms or antonyms
2. A part to the whole
3. A member to the category that contains it
4. Cause to effect (or effect to cause)
5. Varying degrees of a quantity or quality
6. Object to function

b

• PLATOONSOLDIER
• HOTSCALDING
• STARVATIONBINGING
• GILLSBREATHING
• PERSUASIVECONVINCING
• SOCCERSPORT

e
a
f
a
c
16
Approaches that may be helpful in answering
analogy questions

• Try to determine the precise relationship between
  the words in the given pair
• Form a sentence that captures the relationship
  between the two words
• Then look for the answer choice containing the
  word pair whose relationship is closest to that
  of the given pair and can be expressed in a
  similar fashion

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Example

• APPLE FRUIT
• Salad Mix
• Orange Banana
• Juice Can
• Slice Core
• Butterfly Insect

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Example

• APPLE FRUIT
• Salad Mix
• Orange Banana
• Juice Can
• Slice Core
• ButterflyInsect

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How do you know if you have a good sentence?

• Look at the answer choices
• If more than one answer choice seems to fit, then
  your sentence is too general
• If none of them work, then your sentence is too
  specific

20
Example

• PEN WRITE
• Pencil Sharpen
• Ink Blue
• Letter Compose
• Knife Cut
• Mistake Erase

21
Example

• PEN WRITE
• Pencil Sharpen
• Ink Blue
• Letter Compose
• Knife Cut
• Mistake Erase

22
Helpful Approaches cont

• Pay attention to the order of the words in the
  pair
• Pay attention to the parts of speech
• The relationships you need to explain will be
  constant relationships
• Analogy questions are vocabulary intensive
• Remember that a single word can have several
  different meaning
• Never decide on the best answer without reading
  all the answer choices
• Practice recognizing and formulating
  relationships between word pairs

23
Practice

• Large Big
• Remember Forget
• Triumph Success
• Nostril Smell
• Audio Hear
• E. Glasses See

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Practice

• Large Big
• Remember Forget
• Triumph Success
• Nostril Smell
• Audio Hear
• E. Glasses See

25
Practice

• Bat Hitter
• Score Win
• Walk Run
• Mars Venus
• Stick Hockey Player
• Basketball Hoop

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Practice

• Bat Hitter
• Score Win
• Walk Run
• Mars Venus
• Stick Hockey Player
• Basketball Hoop

27
Practice

• Come Came
• Walk Walking
• Ride Rode
• Left Arrived
• Did Had Done
• See Seen

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Practice

• Come Came
• Walk Walking
• Ride Rode
• Left Arrived
• Did Had Done
• See Seen

29
Online Practice

• Analogies Game
• Awesome Analogies
• Gamequarium Analogies
• Analogy of the Day

30
Written Practice

• Sampler Daily Analogies
• Understanding Analogies
• Analogies Worksheet
• Analogies Dining
• Analogies Notes
• Analogies Graphic Organizer