VARIABLES RELATED TO ARTICULATION AND PHONOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE

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• VARIABLES RELATED TO ARTICULATION AND
  PHONOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE

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I. INTRODUCTION

• There are a number of variables associated with
  speech sound acquisition.
• Research can only demonstrate correlation, not
  cause-and-effect-relationships.

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II. GENETIC FACTORS (all this in II is Ukrainetz
Spencer)

• Ukrainetz, T.A., Spencer, T.D. (2015). Sorting
  the learning disorders Language impairment and
  reading disability. In T.A. Ukrainetz (Ed.),
  School-age language intervention Evidence-based
  practices (155-205). Austin, TX Pro-Ed.

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Molecular Genetics
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Reading disabiity
SSD
Language Impairment
Genetics
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III. ENVIRONMENT
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IV.FAMILIAL AND PERSONAL FACTORS
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Intelligence
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Research shows
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Youtube video

• Down Syndrome Child Talking
• (Ciarras mom)
• What errors do you hear? Write them down as you
  listen.

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V. LANGUAGE SKILLS
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Speech sound errors especially increase when
children are trying to produce
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Izzy has an /r/ problem and a language
impairmentwere using a classroom book
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Working on /r/ with Izzy, /s/ with Gabe using
spelling book from 3rd grade classroom
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V. TONGUE THRUST

• A. Introduction

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Orofacial Myology is
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B. Characteristics of Tongue Thrust
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Youtube video

• Tongue thrust
• Dan Hanson

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On p. 188, your text says

• Treatment for tongue thrust is not provided in
  many public schools unless a child has an
  accompanying SSD.

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But in the public schools.
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ASHAs Position
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VI. SENSORY VARIABLES

• A. Oral Sensation
• Looked at oral stereognosis or form recognition
• B. Hearing Loss

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Problems found in children with significant
hearing loss (p. 181 just this on exam from
hearing loss section)
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Youtube video

• Heather Whitestone Tallahassee times interview

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C. Auditory Discrimination
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VII. ANATOMIC, NEUROLOGIC, AND PHYSIOLOGIC
FACTORS

• A. Anatomic Structures
• 1. Soft palatemay have VPI. Mobility and enough
  tissue are very important.
• Need good VP closure for pressure consonants
  especiallyfricatives, affricates, stops
• May use glottal stops for other sounds.
• May also have nasal emission and hypernasality.

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• 2. Nasopharynx

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Unrepaired cleft lip and palate
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Repaired lip and palate
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Class II malocclusion (overbite)
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Class II
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• Underbite (Class III)

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• Open bite

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Open Bite Repaired
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Problems with the tongue may include
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Ankyloglossia
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Youtube video

• Tongue tie
• ImplantDentistFortLauderdale

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Cancer of the tongue
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B. Neurological Factors
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Youtube

• Dysarthria speech
• Spastic dysarthria 1/5

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2. Cerebral Palsy
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3. Apraxia of speech
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VIII MOTOR SKILLS