Psy 260: Survey in Cognition and Perception - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Psy 260: Survey in Cognition and Perception

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Title: Psy 260: Survey in Cognition and Perception


1
Psy 260 Survey in Cognition and Perception
  • Dr. Susan Brennan

2
Psy 260 Cognition Perception
  • Graduate TAs Luciane Pereira-Pasarin
  • Vera Hau
  • Undergrad TA Rachel Turetsky
  • Syllabus, supplementary materials, announcements,
    and updated information will be posted on
    Blackboard.
  • http//blackboard.sunysb.edu

3
Using Blackboard
  • Your Blackboard user ID is the same as your Net
    ID.
  • Find your ID from your SOLAR account. Under
    Personal Portfolio, go to link "Get Your
    NetID". (It's often, but not always, your first
    initial and first 7 letters of your last name.)
  • Password your SBU ID number (or whatever
    youve changed it to).

4
Required Texts
  • Reed, Cognition Theory and Applications (6th
    Ed.)
  • Francis et al., CogLab (classic experiments,
    simulated)

5
Exams
  • Two midterms, each covering a different part of
    the course Oct 24th, Dec 12th.
  • Final Exam (cumulative) 12/19 5 PM
  • No make-up or alternative times. Check your
    calendar now!

6
Simulated Experiments (CogLab)
  • Nine individual experiments (you choose from a
    set of related expts). You run yourself as a
    subject and collect your own data.
  • Interpret your data. If your data don't match
    the classic results, explain what you think led
    to the unusual pattern.
  • Print out your data and turn in the paper copy by
    the deadline.

7
Grading
  • Higher midterm score 100 pts possible
  • Final exam 100 pts possible
  • 9 CogLabs 90 pts possible
  • Pop quizzes for extra credit
  • You are expected to attend class
  • and to take both midterms.

Slide 0
8
What does psychology mean to you?
9
  • "Cognitive psychology refers to all processes
    by which the sensory input is transformed,
    reduced, elaborated, stored, recovered, and
    used."
  • (Ulrich Neisser, 1967)

10
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Social/Health Psychology
  • Personality Psychology
  • Biopsychology

11
Scientific psychology (A whirlwind history)
  • Nature vs. Nurture
  • Kant the skeptic

12
Scientific psychology (A whirlwind history)
  • Nature vs. Nurture
  • Kant the skeptic
  • Structuralism
  • H. von Helmholtz
  • Wundt introspection
  • Hermann Ebbinghaus

13
Structuralism
  • Late 1800s
  • Goal Find fundamental elements of thought.
  • Method Introspection.
  • Problem Introspection is limited to current,
    mid-level cognitive processes. And it's biased.

14
Scientific psychology (A whirlwind history)
  • Nature vs. Nurture
  • Kant the skeptic
  • Structuralism
  • H. von Helmholtz
  • Wundt introspection
  • Hermann Ebbinghaus
  • Functionalism
  • W. James the critic

15
Scientific psychology (A whirlwind history)
  • Nature vs. Nurture
  • Kant the skeptic
  • Structuralism
  • H. von Helmholtz
  • Wundt introspection
  • Hermann Ebbinghaus
  • Functionalism
  • W. James the critic
  • Gestalt psychology

16
Scientific psychology (A whirlwind history)
  • Nature vs. Nurture
  • Kant the skeptic
  • Structuralism
  • H. von Helmholtz
  • Wundt introspection
  • Hermann Ebbinghaus
  • Functionalism
  • W. James the critic
  • Gestalt psychology
  • Behaviorism
  • John Watson
  • B. F. Skinner

17
Behaviorism
  • Early Mid 1900s
  • Goal Eliminate explanations based on the mind.
  • Method Study behavior. Learning is defined as a
    change in behavior.
  • But is that all there is?

18
Scientific psychology (A whirlwind history)
  • Nature vs. Nurture
  • Kant the skeptic
  • Structuralism
  • H. von Helmholtz
  • Wundt introspection
  • Hermann Ebbinghaus
  • Functionalism
  • W. James the critic
  • Gestalt psychology
  • Behaviorism
  • John Watson
  • B. F. Skinner
  • Cognitive Revolution
  • George Miller
  • Donald Broadbent
  • Allen Newell
  • Herb Simon
  • Piaget
  • Chomsky

19
Cognitive Psychology (thats us)
  • 1950s onward
  • Input ? Processing ? Output
  • Person responds to stimulus as he or she
    interprets it.
  • Method We study behavior, assuming that it
    reflects cognition.

20
Figure 1.3 (p. 9)Source Adapted from
Biological Psychology (5th ed.), by J. W. Kalat.
Cognitive Neuroscience
21
Human information processing
  • Perception
  • Attention
  • Memory (sensory, STM, LTM)
  • Higher level processes
  • - Language - Mental imagery
  • - Categorization - Problem solving
  • - Reasoning - Judgment

22
Figure 1.1 (p. 3)Stages of an
information-processing model
23
Bottom-up processing
24
Top-down processing
25
Human information processing
  • Perception
  • Attention
  • Memory (sensory, STM, LTM)
  • Higher level processes
  • - Language - Mental imagery
  • - Categorization - Problem solving
  • - Reasoning - Judgment

26
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