Segregation%20

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Segregation Discrimination

• Changes in American Life
• 1880-1914
• Chapter 21 Section 3

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Essential Question

• Why do people discriminate against one another?

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Racial Discrimination

• Different Treatment of People on the Basis of Race

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4 Cultures Facing Discrimination in the U.S.
(1865-1914)
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United States Reconstruction(1865-1877)

• The Civil War Ended (1865)
• North Occupied the South (U.S. Army)
• Passed the 13th, 14th, 15th Amendments
• Helped African Americans Gain More Equality and
  Freedoms

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13th, 14th, 15th United States Amendments
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Southern Whites Take Away African American
Political Power (Voting Rights)

• Literacy Tests
• Exams Given in Latin to Prevent African Americans
  from Voting
• Most African Americans in the South were NOT
  Educated
• Cant Read Cant Vote
• Poll Taxes
• Pay a Tax in Order to Vote
• Most African Americans Could Not Afford the Tax
• No Pay Cant Vote!

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3 Methods Continued

• The Literacy Test the Poll Tax Prevented Poor
  Uneducated Whites From Voting
• Southern States Passed the Grandfather Clause
• Totally MESSED UP!
• Stated if You Had an Ancestor that Could Vote
  BEFORE 1867, Then You Could Vote.
• Why do African Americans NOT Have Ancestors that
  Voted Before 1867?

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Why Are White Southerners Afraid of African
Americans Voting?

• African Americans Would Vote for Other African
  Americans or Whites That Supported Equal Rights
• Pass Laws to Promote Equality
• Southern Whites Would Lose Political Power!
• Southern Whites Solution Was to Prevent African
  Americans From Voting!

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Jim Crow Laws

• Laws Passed by Southern States to Enforce
  Segregation
• Segregation
• Separation of Whites Blacks in Public Places
  (Parks, Schools, Libraries, Movies, Bathrooms,
  etc)

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Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)

• 4 of the 7 Supreme Court Cases YOU MUST KNOW!
• Homer Plessy Sued a Railroad Company for
  Segregated Seating on Railroad Cars
• Claimed it Violated 14th Amendment (Everyone is
  Equal)

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Supreme Courts Rulingon Plessy vs. Ferguson
(1896)

• U.S. Supreme Court Ruled Against Plessy
• Separate BUT Equal
• HUGE Mistake by the Supreme Court!

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Impact of Plessy vs. Ferguson

• Segregation was LEGAL! ?
• All Public Places Could Be Separated by Race
• Segregation and Discrimination INCREASED!
• What a MISTAKE!

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Separate But Equal?
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Segregated Schools

• Schools Were NOT Equal!
• Whites Controlled Government Positions
• Put into White Schools Facilities, Not
  Black Ones

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Booker T. Washington

• Former Slave
• Founded the Tuskegee Institute (Teacher)
• Wanted African Americans to Gain Equality Through
  Trades/Learning Skills/Getting Jobs
• Did NOT Challenge/Fight Against Segregation
• Figured Whites Would Support the Tuskegee
  Institute if He Did Not Fight Segregation

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W.E.B. Du Bois

• Harvard Educated
• Totally REJECTED Segregation!
• Founded the NAACP in 1909
• NAACP Fought to End Segregation ASAP!

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The Talented 10th

• Du Bois Believed Educated African Americans Would
  End Segregation
• Top 10 of Educated African Americans Would Lead
  the Way
• Why do You Think He Believed This?
• Was He Right?

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NAACP

• The National Association for the Advancement of
  Colored People
• Founded in 1909 by W.E.B. Du Bois
• Fought Against Segregation in the 20th Century
• Fights for Equal Rights!

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KKK

• Used Violence to Keep African Americans from
  Voting
• Used Violence to Keep Segregation
• Scared/Intimidated Anyone Who Wanted to End
  Segregation

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Ida B. Wells

• African American Journalist (Memphis Tennessee)
• Exposed Problems of Lynching
• Lost 3 Friends
• Had to Leave Because of KKK
• Read Her Story (Page 624)

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Lynching

• Extremely Powerful Images!
• Makes Me Too Nauseous to Show You!

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Discrimination in Northern States

• Many African Americans Moved to Northern States
  (No Jim Crow Laws)
• However, Blacks Could NOT Get Housing in White
  Neighborhoods
• Denied Jobs
• Still Faced Violence

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Racism Towards Asians

• Chinese Exclusion Act
• Chinese Workers Got Lower Pay Than Whites
• Faced Violent Attacks

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Racism Towards Mexicans

• Mexicans Were Forced into Peonage
• Forced to Work Until You Work off Your Debts
  (Washing Dishes at Restaurant)
• Very Similar to Slavery

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Nature vs. Nurture(Racism)
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Tolerance
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We Could Learn A lot From Crayons..
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Essential Question

• Why do people discriminate against one another?