????? Pest

1
???? ?? ?????? ??????

• ?????? ??????? ????? 2006

2
????? ??? ????? ???????

• ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???

3
????? Pest

• ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????
  ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????????

4
?????? Pesticide

• ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?????
  ????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ??????
  ?? ??? ?????? (???????? ????????? ??????)

5
????? ????????

• ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?? ?????????? ????? ????
  Toxic ???????? ?????? ??? ??? -
• 1 ???? ????? ?? ????? Strange .
• 2 ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????
  ???????
• (????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????????)
• 3 ???? ??? ?????? ????? (??? ????? ????
  ???? ?????)
• 4 ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? (????
• ????? ?????? ???? ???)
• 5 ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ??
  ????? ???.

6
????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????

• ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???????? -
• 1 ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????????? Label
  ?????? ????? ????? (?????) ??? ???????? ?????????
  .
• 2 ????? ????? ????? ???????? .
• 3 ????? ????? ????? ????????? .
• 4 ????????? ?????????? ??????? .
• 5 ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? .

7
(No Transcript)
8
(No Transcript)
9
(No Transcript)
10
(No Transcript)
11
?????? ??????

• ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????
  ???????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??
  ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????????
  ?? ???? ???? (?? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ????
  ????? ??? ???????)
• ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? Control ??? ?????
  ??????? ?? ?????? .
• ???????? Eradication ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????
  ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? .

12
???????? ???????? ??????? ?????

• 1 ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ?
  ??? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ?
  ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? .
• 2 ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????
  ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????
  .
• 3 ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ??? ??
  ????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???????
  ??????? .
• 4 ????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????
• 5 ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???
  ???? ???????? ???.
• 6 ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????
  ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? .
• 7 ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ????????
  ??????? ????? .

13
??? ????????

• 1 ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????
  ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????
  ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????
  ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?????.
• 2 ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???
  ??????
• A - ?????? ??????? Applied Control ??? ??????
  ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ????
  ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? .
• B ?????? ?????? Natural Control ??????
  ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????
  ??????? ???????? .

14
???????? ?????????
15
???????? ???????????

• ???????? ????? ????? -
• 1 ????? ????? Hand Picking .
• 2 ??????? ??????? Traps .
• 3 ????? ????? ?? ????? Screening .
• 4 ??????? ????? Onrushing (???? ????? ?????? ??
  ????? , ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????)

16
(No Transcript)
17
(No Transcript)
18
?????? ???????

• ????? ??????? -
• 1 ????? ??????? ??????? (???????????? ????????
  ???? ??????? ??? 60 ???? 5 ????? ????? ?????)
• 2 ????? ??????? ???????? (?????? ????? ???????
  ?????? ?????? ??? ???? 4 )
• 3 ??????? (??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????
  ??????? ??? 12 - ????? ?????????? ???????
  ??????)
• 4 ??????? (????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ????
  ???????? ??????)

19
?????? ??????

• ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????????
  ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ????????
• 1 ????? ???? ???????? (????? ?????) ?? ?????
  ????? ????? ????? .
• 2 ??????? ????? ?????? ?????
• 3 ??????? ???????? Crop Rotation .
• 4 ??????? ??????? ???????? (????? ????? ????
  ????? ????? ??????? ???????)
• 5 ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????
  ??? ??? ?? ????? (??????? ???????? ???????
  ??????? ?? ?????)
• 6 ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? (??? ?????
  ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ????
  ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????)
• 7 ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??????.

20
???????? ???????

• ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??
  ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????.
• ??????? ??????? ?? ???? -
• ????? ????? ?? (??????? ???? ????????
  ????????)
• ????? (??????? ???????)
• ?????
• ??????? ????? (????? ???? ??????)

21
(No Transcript)
22
(No Transcript)
23
(No Transcript)
24
?????? ???????

• ???????? ?????????
• ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????
  ????????
• 1 ?????? ????? ???????
• 2 - ?????? ??????
• 3 ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????????.

25
???????? ??????????

• ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ????
  ???? ???????? Pesticides ??????? ????? Pest.
• ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???????
• 1 ???? ????? ????????? ????
• 2 ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????
• 3 ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????
• 4 ??? ??????? ???????? ???????
• 5 ???? ?????? ??????? (??????????)

26
????? ???????? ??? ?????

• 1 ?????? ????? Insecticides
• 2 ?????? ???????? Acaricides
• 3 ?????? ????????? Nematocides
• 4 ?????? ????? Fungicides
• 5 ?????? ????? Herbicides
• 6 ?????? ????? Rodentocides

27
????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? Mode of
entry

• 1 ?????? ????? Stomach Pesticides
• 2 ?????? ????????? Contacts Pesticides
• 3 ?????? ?????? Systemic Pesticides
• 4 ????? ? ????? Gases
• 5 ???? ????? Repellents
• 6 ???? ????? Attractants

28
????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???
????? Mode of action

• 1 ???? ???? ??????? ???????? Physical Poisons
  (??????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????
  ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????
  ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???????
  ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????
  ???????)
• 2 ???? ???? ??? ???????????? Protoplasmic
  Poisons (???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???????????? ???
  ????????? ? ????????? ??????????? ??????????????)
• 3 ?????? ???????? Respiratory Poisons (???
  ????????????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ????
  ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ?????
  ??? ??????? ?????????)

29

• 4 ???? ????? nerve Poisons ???? ?? ??????
  ?????? ????
• ???????????? ???????? ???????? (DDT )
• ???????????? ???????? ?????????? ???????????
  (??????? ??????? ???????)
• ???? ??????? ?? ?????? (??????? ???????)
• ?????? ?????? ????? (????????)
• ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????
• 5 ?????? ?????? (??????? ???????? ?????????
  ????? ??????)

30
????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????

• 1 ?????? ??? ????? Inorganic Compounds
• ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ???
  ????????????
• 2 ?????? ????? Organic Compounds
• ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????
• A ?????? ???????? ????? (OP ) ???????
  ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????
  ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? .

31

• B ?????? ???????? ????? ( OC ) ???? ??????
  ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????
• C ?????? ???????? ( C ) ???? ???? ?????
  ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????
• D ?????? ?????????????? ????? ????????
  ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????
  ???????? ?????? ????????
• E ?????? ??????????? ( SP ) ???????? ????
  ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????
  ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????
• F ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????

32
????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? (??????????)
Formulations

• 1- ?????? ????? Dusts
• 2 ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? (?????? ?????)
• 3 ?????? ????? ????? Wet able Powder (??????)
• 4 ???????? ????? (??? ?????????Emulsions (
• 5 ????????? Aerosols ????? ????? ??? ???
• 6 ?????? ??????? Smoke Generators
• 7 ??????? Gases
• 8 ????? ????? ????????? Animal Dips

33
(No Transcript)
34
(No Transcript)
35

• 9 ?????? ????????? Animal Dressings
• 10 ???? ??????? ????? ????????
• 11 ???? ????? ??? ?????? (???? ????? ?????)
• 12 ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????
• 13 ?????? ??????? Larvicide's
• 14 ???????? ???????
• 15 ?????? ??????
• 16 ?????? ???????
• 17 ?????? ???????

36
??????? ????

• ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????
  ?????? ??????? Active Ingredient ?? ???? ????
  ????? ????? ???? .
• ???????? Resistance ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????
  ?? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????
  ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????
  .
• ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? LD50 ?? ???? ??????
  ???? ???? ??? 50 ?? ????? ????????? ????????
  ?????????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????
  ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????
  ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? .
• ???? ?? ??? ?????? PHI ?????? ??????? ?????
  ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ??????? .

37
????? ?????? ????????
??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???? ??????? LD50 ???? LD50 ?????
IA ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? 15 lt ???/????? 0 20 ???/?????
IB ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? 5 - 50 20 - 200
II ????? ????? X ??? 50 - 500 200 - 2000
III ????? ????? X ????? 500 - 2000 2000 - 5000
IV ????? ????? X ????? 2000 5000 gt 5000 gt
38
??????? Insects
39
(No Transcript)
40
(No Transcript)
41
(No Transcript)
42
(No Transcript)
43
(No Transcript)
44
(No Transcript)
45
(No Transcript)
46
(No Transcript)
47
???????? ??????? Control vitality

• ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????
  ??? ???
• 1 ??????? Predators??? ???? (?????? ) ????
  ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????
• ?????? ?????? (??????? ) ????? ?????? ??????
• 2 ??????? Parasites
• ????? ???????? ??????? ( ????? ) ???? ???? ???
  ?????
• ???? ??????? ( ????? ) ????? ???? ?????
  ?????????

48
(No Transcript)
49
???????? ?????????? Biological Control

• ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???
  ????? ??????? Insect Pathology ?????
• ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ( B.T )
• ???? ?????? ?????? Delta Endotoxin
• ???????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????????
• ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????
  ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????
  Blast Spores ???? ???? ?????? ??????? Mycotoxins
  ????? ?????? ???? ?????? (???? ????????)

50
????? ?????? Plants Diseases

• ????? Disease ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????
  ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? (?? ????
  ????? ?? ?????? ???????) ???? ????? ???? ??? ???
  ?? ??????? ??? ?????.
• ????? Symptoms ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ?? ???
  ?????? ???? ???????
• ?????
• ????? Infection
  ?????? Host

51

• ?????? ?????? Pathogen ?????? ?????? ?? ????
  ??? Fungi , ??????? Bacteria , ???? Virus
• ???????? ???? ????? -
• ?????? ???????
  ??? Erysiphe
• ?????? ??????
  ??? Bremia
• ??????? ???
  Uromyces
• ????????
• ???? ????? ??????? -
• ????? ???? ??????? ???
  Cercospora
• ????? ??????? ???? ???? Fusarium , Rhizoctonia
  
• ??????? ??????? ????? ???
  Phytophthora
• ?????? ?????????
  ??? Pythium

52
(No Transcript)
53
(No Transcript)
54
???????? ??????? Fungicides

• ?? ???????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???
  ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????
  ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ???
  ??????? ??????? ???????
• ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???
• 1 ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????
  ??????
• Air borne infections ????
• A ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? (??????
  ??????)?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????
  ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???????
• B ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??? ???
  ?????? (?????? ???????)?????? ???? ?????? ??????
  ???????????? ?? ?????????
• C ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???
  ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ??? ????? (?????
  ??????? Botrytis )?????? ??? ?????? ???????????
  ?? ?????? ?????? ?????????????

55

• 2 ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? Seed borne
  infection ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??
  ??????? ????? ?????? ??????
• ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????
  ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????
  ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ????
  ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? (??????????
  ??????)
• 3 ?????? ???? ?? ?????? Soil borne infection
  ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????
  ?????? ??????? ?????? (??? ?????? ???????? ??
  ????????????)

56
1 ???????? ??????? ?????????

• A ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? 4 250
  ??????
• B ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?????
  ??????? ??? ???? ???????
• C ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????
  ????? ?????? ????? 1 1.5
• D ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????
  ????? ??? ??????
• E ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????
• F ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? 4 6
  ??????

57
????? ??????? ??? ?????

• 1 ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ???
  ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?????
  ??????
• 2 ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????
  ?????? ??? ???????? ???????
• 3 ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???
  ????????
• 4 ????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????
  ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ????????????
• 5 ????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????
  ??????? ??? ??? ????????
• ?????
• 1 ?????? ??? ?????????? (????? ?????
  ???????? ???????)
• 2 ?????? ??????? (??????? ????????)
• 3 ?????? ???????????? (????????)
• 4 ?????? ???????? (??????? 50 ??????? 75 (

58
2 ???????? ??????? ????????

• A ???? ????? (1 ??? ??????? ???? 1 ??? ??? ??
  ?????? 100 ??? ???)
• ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????????
  ?????
• B ????? ?????
• C ??????? ?????? (??????? ??????) ??????? ???
  ?????
• D- ??????? ?????? ???????? (????????)???????
  ????? ??????
• E ????? ???????? ? ????? ???? ??????
• ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????
  ????? (????????? ????????)

3 ???????? ??????? ????????
59
??????? ?????????

• ????? ??????? Weeds ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????
• (??? ????? ???) ??? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???
• ??????? -
• 1 ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????
  ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????
• 2 ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? Allelopathy ????
  ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ????
  ??????? (?????? ????? ????? ???????)
• 3 ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????
  ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????
  ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????
  ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????

60

• 4 ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????
  ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???
  ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ????
• 5 ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????
  ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????
  ????? ????? ??? ?????
• 6 ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??
  ???????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??????
  ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????
  ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????????
  ?????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???????
• 7 ????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ???????
  ???????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ????????

61
????? ???????

• ???? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????????
  ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????
  ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??
  ????? ????? ??????? ???????

????? ???????
??? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????????
1 ????? ??? ??? ????? 2 ?????? ??? ????
????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ????????
?????? ?? ????? (?????? ????? ??????
??????? ??????) 3 ?????? ??? ?????? ???????
????? ???????? ???? (??? ????? ?????? ???????
??????)
62
????? ???????

• ??? ??? ???? ?????
• 1 ????? Annuals ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????
  ????? ????? (??????? ????? ???????
  ????????)
• 2 ?????? ????? Biennials ???? ???? ?????? ??
  ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????
  ?? ??? ??? (????? ????????)
• 3 ????? Perennials ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????
  ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????
  (?????? ????? ?????? ??????)

63
(No Transcript)
64
?????? ???????Herbicides

• 1- ??? ????? ??????? Mode of action
• ?????? (????) ??????
• 2 ??? ????? ???????? Time of application
• ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ????????
• 3 ??? ????? ????
• ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????

65

• 4 ??? ???????? ?????????
• ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???
• A ??????? ??????????
• B ??????? ??????? (???????)
• C ?????????? (???????? ?? ????? ??????? ,
  ????? , ???????)
• D ????????
• E ?????????
• F ????????????
• G ?????????????
• H ????????? ? ???????? ( ??????? ?? ??????
  2,4 D )

66
?????? ???????

• ???? ?????? Vertebral Pests ??? ???? ?????
• ????? ???????? -
• 1 ?????? ????? Humicides ?????? ???
• A Biological warfare (??? ???????? ??????
  ?????? ????????)
• B Chemical warfare (??? ??????? ?????? ????
  ?????)
• 2 ?????? ??????? Rodenticides
• ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???????? ?????
  ????? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????
  ??????? ???? ???? ???
• ????? ????????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ??
  ??? ????? ????? ????? 10 ????? ?? ????? ??? ????
  ????? 20 ??? ??????? ????????

67
????? ???????
68
???? ?????? ???? ???????

• 1- ???? ?????? ????? -
• ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????
• 2 ??????Shyness ????? ?? ????? ????? ??????
• ???? ??? ?? ????
• 3 ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????
• ?????? ???????
• 4 ????? New phobia ????? ????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ??
  ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??? .
• 5 ???????? ??????? Common Suicide ?? ???????
  ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????
  ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? (??? ??? ?????
  ???????)

69
????? ???????

• 1 ?????? ??????? ?????
• 2 ????? ?????? -
• ???? ??????? Faeces
• ???? ??????? Foot Prints
• ???? ????? ?????? Gnawing
• ????? ????? Food Remains

70
(No Transcript)
71
(No Transcript)
72
???????? (????????? ?????)

• 1- ??? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ???????
  ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???????
  ??????? ?? ???? ????? (????? ??????)
• 2 ??? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????
  ??? ??????? ??????
• 3 ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??????
  ???????????????
• 4 ???????
• 5 ????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????????
• 6 ??????? ?????? ??????

73
?????? ???????
?????? ?????? Acute Poisons

• ?????? ??????? Chronic Poisons

???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? Fast Acting ??????
?????
??? ??????? ???? ???? ???? Slow
Acting ??????????
74
THANK YOU