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Antebellum Religion and Romanticism

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Antebellum Religion and Romanticism a.k.a. The 2nd Great Awakening and the birth of American Literature – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Antebellum Religion and Romanticism


1
Antebellum Religion and Romanticism
  • a.k.a. The 2nd Great Awakening and the birth of
    American Literature

2
Social and Religious Life
  • Second Great Awakening
  • Protestant Evangelical Movement beginning in the
    1800s
  • Women greatly involved
  • The Scripture is the final authority
  • Salvation can only be achieved through a personal
    belief in Jesus Christ
  • Demonstrate true faith by performing good deeds
  • New Faiths
  • Revivals
  • Gathering to revive peoples beliefs
  • Mobile Society
  • White Americans not tied to the land
  • Possibly more mobility than any people in history
    of the world at this time
  • Ability to improve ones position in life

3
New Denominations
  • Methodists
  • Grew to the largest Protestant church
  • Personal Relationship with God
  • Methodist preachers were more common, less
    educated
  • Circuit riders traveling ministers
  • Francis Asbury
  • Peter Cartwright
  • Frequent revivals
  • Anyone can attain salvation
  • Baptists
  • Grew to the second largest Protestant
    denomination during the 2nd Great Awakening
  • Replaced Calvinist ideas w/ free will and adult
    baptisms
  • Presbyterians
  • Scotch-Irish
  • Mix of Presbyterian and Congregationalists

4
The Burned-Over District
  • Western New York was so overtook by religious
    revivals, it was compared to a wildfire
  • Charles Grandison Finney

5
Denominations Reacting Against the 2nd Great
Awakening
  • Unitarians
  • God as a unity (not trinity)
  • Rational, calm, and optimistic
  • Gains strength in New England (former Puritans)
  • Mormons
  • Joseph Smith published The Book of Mormon in 1830
    (New York)
  • Truer, simpler church
  • The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
  • Moved to Ohio and then Nauvoo, Illinois
  • Where Smith is killed
  • Brigham Young leads to Utah
  • Originally part of Mexico

6
Millennialists
  • William Miller called for the Advent of Christ in
    1843
  • When 1843 passed, changed date to October 21,
    1844
  • Seventh Day Adventist and other churches come out
    of this group

7
African American Religion
  • Spirituals
  • Spirituals folk hymns
  • African-Americans used as a double meaning, tying
    to their freedom from slavery
  • African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME)
  • Many African-Americans didnt feel welcome in
    white churches
  • Richard Allen helps to form

8
Noah Webster
  • Wanted to establish a national language
  • Promoted education
  • Created the first dictionary of American English
  • The American Spelling Book

9
Romanticism and American Arts
  • Rise in the belief of intuitive knowledge (not
    the limits of Enlightened rational knowledge)
  • Transcendentalism (see your worksheet!)
  • Ralph Waldo Emerson
  • Henry David Thoreau
  • American Antebellum Literary leaders
  • Nathanial Hawthorne (Scarlet Letter The House
    of Seven Gables)
  • Herman Melville (Moby Dick)
  • Walt Whitman (Leaves of Grass)
  • Emily Dickinson (Success is counted sweetest)
  • Edgar Allen Poe (The Raven and The Tell-Tale
    Heart)

10
Emily Dickinson
  • Success is counted sweetest
  • By those who ne'er succeed.
  • To comprehend a nectar
  • Requires sorest need.
  • Not one of all the purple host
  • Who took the flag today
  • Can tell the definition,
  • So clear, of victory
  • As he, defeated, dying,
  • On whose forbidden ear
  • The distant strains of triumph
  • Break agonized and clear!

11
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