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Title: HTML??????


1
?3? ??????????
  • 3-1 ???????
  • 3-2 ?????
  • 3-3 ????????
  • 3-4 ?????
  • 3-5 ???????
  • 3-6 ???????
  • 3-7 ????
  • 3-8 ????????

2
3-1 ???????
  • 3-1-1 ??????
  • 3-1-2 ??????
  • 3-1-3 ??????

3
3-1 ???????-??
  • ??????(Data Model)?????????????????????????????(??
    ?????),?????????????????

4
3-1 ???????-??
5
3-1 ???????-????1
  • ??????????????????,???????????????????,??????????
    ?????????
  • ??????????????????????,?????????,??????ANSI/SPAR
    C????????,?????????????????
  • ?????????????????ANSI/SPARC??????????????

6
3-1 ???????-????2
  • ???????(Conceptual Database Design)??????????????
    ?????
  • ???????(Logical Database Design)??????????????
  • ???????????????????
  • ???????(Physical Database Design)?????????????
  • ????????????????????SQL??????????

7
3-1-1 ??????-??
  • ???????????,????
  • ????????????
  • ??????????????
  • ??????????????????
  • ?????????????

8
3-1-1 ??????-??
  • ??????????????????(Entity-Relationship
    Model,??E-R Model)???????,?????????(Entity-Relatio
    nship Diagram),??1976??Peter Chen??,?????????,????
    ????????????,????,??????????????????????

9
3-1-1 ??????-??
10
3-1-2 ??????-??
  • ?????????(Logical Data Model)??????(Relational
    Model),??????????????,??????????????(Relational
    Database Model)?
  • ??????????E. F. Codd?1970????,????????????????,???
    ?
  • ????(Data Structures)???????,???????????,????????
    ???
  • ???????(Data Manipulation?Operations)???????????
    ???????????
  • ???????(Integrity Constraints)????????????,??????
    ?????????

11
3-1-2 ??????-??
  • ?????????????????,?????????????????,???????????,??
    ??
  • ????????(Network Databse Model)?
  • ????????(Hierarchical Database Model)?
  • ????????(Relational Database Model)?
  • ??????????(Object-Oriented Database Model)?

12
3-1-2 ??????-??
13
3-1-3 ??????-??
  • ??????(Physical Data Model)?????????????????????,?
    ??????????????????????

14
3-1-3 ??????-??
15
3-2 ?????
  • 3-2-1 ????????
  • 3-2-2 ????????
  • 3-2-3 ??????????
  • 3-2-4 ??????????

16
3-2-1 ????????-??
  • ????????????????????????,??????????,??????????(Net
    work Database Model)?????????????????????(????????
    ???????),????????????????
  • ????????????????(Relationship),????1971??CODASYL
    DBTG(Conference on Data Systems Languages
    Database Task Group)????????,???DBTG??,Database
    Task Group?1960???????????????????

17
3-2-1 ????????-????(??)
  • ????????????????????,???????????????????????????,?
    ???
  • ????(Record Type)?????????????,??????????????,???
    ????????
  • ????(Link Type)?????????????,????????(Relationshi
    p),????????????(Owner Type)???????????(Member
    Type)?

18
3-2-1 ????????-????(??)
  • ????????????????????(Set Structures),?????????????
    ?(A Set of Records)????????????(A Set of
    Links),?????

19
3-2-1 ????????-??????
20
3-2-2 ????????-??
  • ????????(Hierarchical Database Model)??????????,??
    ???????????,????????????????,?????????????
  • ?1960?????????????????????????,??1970??,??????????
    ???1968?IBM??????IMS?(Information Management
    System),????????????????

21
3-2-2 ????????-????(??)
  • ???????????????????????(Root),???????????(Parent-c
    hild Relationships)???????,???????????????????????
    ?????,????
  • ????(Record Type)?????????????????????????????,??
    ?????????
  • ??????(Parent-child Relationship
    Type)????????????,????????(Relationship),????????
    ????(Parent Record Type)????????????(Child Record
    Type)?

22
3-2-2 ????????-????(??)
  • ????????????????,????????????????,?????

23
3-2-2 ????????-??????
24
3-2-2 ????????-??????1
  • ???????????????????????,?????

25
3-2-2 ????????-??????2
  • ????????(Virtual Record Type)?????????,???????????
    ,?????

26
3-2-3 ??????????-??
  • ????????????(Object-Oriented Database
    Model)?????????????????,????,?????????????????????
    ?,???C?Java????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????,???????????
    ???????????????????????

27
3-2-3 ??????????-??
  • ????????????,??????????????????,??????????????????
    ?????????????????????,??????,?????,???????????,???
    ??

28
3-2-3 ??????????-????
  • ??(State)????????(Attributes)??????,????????????,
    ??????????????,?????????,???????????????????????,
    ?????,???????????
  • ??(Behavior)??????????????,????????????,??????,??
    ???????,???????????????????
  • ???(Identity)?????????????,?????????????????

29
3-2-3 ??????????-??
  • ???????,???????????????????,??????????????Car?Car1
    ?Car2?Car3???,????????????,???????
  • ????,?????????,????,?????????????????,????????????
    ,????????,??????????????????(Instance)?

30
3-2-3 ??????????-??
  • ??(Inheritance)??????????????,????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????

31
3-2-3 ??????????-????
  • ?????????????????(Class Hierarchy),?????

32
3-2-3 ??????????-??????
  • ????????(Object-oriented Database)???????????,????
    ?????????????,?Java????????(Class),???????????????
    ????,????Java????Book??,????
  • class Book
  • public String b_no
  • public String title
  • public float price
  • public Author getAuthor()
  • public Publisher getPublisher()

33
3-2-3 ??????????-?????
  • ??????????????????????????,?????

34
3-2-4 ??????????-??
  • ????????????(Object-relational Database
    Model)???????????????????,?????????????,??????????
    ?????????,?????????(Structured Attributes),???????
    ???(User-defined Type)?
  • ??????(International Standards Organization,
    ISO)??????SQL??????????????,??SQL 99?SQL
    3,?SQL99??????,???????????????,????????????,?????
    ?SQL?????

35
3-2-4 ??????????-?????
  • ???????????????????(Nested Relations),????,???????
    ??????????????,????????????,??????????????Authors
    ???????address????,?????

36
3-2-4 ??????????-????????
  • ??????????????????,?????

37
3-3 ????????
  • 3-3-1 ???????
  • 3-3-2 ?????
  • 3-3-3 ?????
  • 3-3-4 ????????

38
3-3-1 ???????
  • ?????????????????????????????????,????
  • ????(Single-user)?
  • ????(Multi-user)?

39
3-3-2 ?????
  • ??????????(Scope)??,??
  • ???(Desktop)?
  • ????(Workgroup)?
  • ???(Enterprise)?

40
3-3-3 ?????
  • ???????????,????????????????????????????,????
  • ???????(Centralized Data Processing)?
  • ???????(Distributed Data Processing)?

41
3-3-4 ????????
  • ????????????????????,????????????????????,????
  • ?????????
  • ?????????
  • ?????????
  • ???????????
  • ???????????

42
3-3 ?????
  • ????(Architecture)???????????????,??????????,?????
    ????????????,?????????????????????????????????
  • ?????????????????,????
  • ???????(Centralized Processing Architectures)?
  • ???????(Distributed Processing Architectures)?

43
3-5 ???????-??
  • ???????(Mainframe)??,?????????IBM?????????????(Sys
    tems Network Architecture, SNA),?????????????,????
    ????,???????(Terminals)??????
  • ????????,?????????????????????,???????????????,??
    ???????,???????????,??????????????????,???????????
    ???

44
3-5 ???????-??
45
3-6 ???????
  • 3-6-1 ??????
  • 3-6-2 ???????
  • 3-6-3 ???????
  • 3-6-4 ???????
  • 3-6-5 ????

46
3-6 ???????-???
  • ?????????????(Frontends)???????(Backends),????????
    ???,????
  • ??(Frontend)??????????,??????????????,??????????
  • ??(Backend)???????????????

47
3-6 ???????-?????
48
3-6-1 ??????-??
  • ????????(File Sharing Architecture)?????????,?????
    ????,??????????????????,??????????????????(File
    Server)?
  • ???????????????,???????????,??????????????????????
    ?,??????????????????????,??????????????,??????????
    ?(File Server Model)?

49
3-6-1 ??????-??
50
3-6-2 ???????-??
  • ??????????????,?????????,?????(Server)????(Client)
    ,????
  • ???(Server)????????????(Service)????(Provider)???
  • ???(Client)????????????????(Request)????(Requeste
    r)?

51
3-6-2 ???????-??
52
3-6-3 ???????-??
  • ??????????????(Two-Tier Client/Server
    Architecture)?
  • ??????????????,??
  • ???(Presentation Tier)???????????,??????????????,
    ????????(Business Logic)???????(Data Processing
    Logic)?
  • ???(Data Tier)???????,????????,????????????????

53
3-6-3 ???????-??
54
3-6-3 ???????-??
  • ????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????,??????????????????,????????????????
    ???,?????????
  • ?????????????????????????,????????,?????????????10
    0???????????
  • ?????(Flat Client)????????????????????????,???????
    ????????????,???????????????????

55
3-6-4 ???????-??
  • ?????????,??????????????(Business Logic
    Tier),????????????(Three-Tier Client/Server
    Architecture),???????????????????????????????????(
    Application Server)?
  • ???????(Application Server)?????????????,?????????
    ?????,??????????????????????,????,????????????????

56
3-6-4 ???????-??
57
3-6-4 ???????-??
  • ????????????????????????????,?????????????????????
    ???,??????????
  • ???????????,????,?????????????????,??????????????
  • ?????????????,???????????????
  • ??????????????????????????,??????????????,????????
    ??????????

58
3-6-5 ????-??
  • ????(N-Tier Architecture)????????????????,N?????3?
    4?5??,??????????????????
  • ????????????????????????????????????????,???,?????
    ??????????????

59
3-6-5 ????-???????
60
3-7 ????
  • 3-7-1 ??????????
  • 3-7-2 ???????
  • 3-7-3 ???JDBC

61
3-7 ????
  • ??????(Middleware)???????????????,????????????????
    ??????????
  • ????,???????????????????,?????????????????????????
    ????

62
3-7-1 ??????????-??
  • ??????????,?????????????????????????,?????????????
    ??????????????????
  • ???????????????????????,???????????????????????,??
    ???????????????????????

63
3-7-1 ??????????-????????
64
3-7-1 ??????????-??????
65
3-7-2 ???????-??
  • ???????????????
  • ODBC?
  • OLE DB?
  • OLE DB?ODBC??????OLE DB??????????????,????????????
    ???????????????????

66
3-7-2 ???????-ODBC(??)
  • ???????????????ODBC?(Object Database
    Connectivity),ODBC????????????????????,?????ODBC
    API?(ODBC Application Program Interface)??????????
    ??,ODBC??????????,????
  • ODBC???????(ODBC Driver Manager)??ODBC?????????,?
    ??????ODBC???????ODBC API???
  • ODBC????(ODBC Driver)????????????????,???ODBC
    API?????????????????API???

67
3-7-2 ???????-ODBC(??)
68
3-7-2 ???????-OLE DB(??)
  • OLE DB(???OLE-DB?OLEDB)???????????????API(Applicat
    ion Program Interface),???ODBC?,?????????????????
  • OLE DB???COM(Component Object Model)?????????,????
    ????????????????,?????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????

69
3-7-2 ???????-OLE DB(??)
70
3-7-3 ???JDBC-??
  • ????????????????JDBC?(Java Database
    Connectivity)????????Java????,???Java????????????
  • ?Java??????,??????JDBC??????(JDBC Driver
    Interface)???,?JDBC API,JDBC????????????
  • ?????????????????????
  • JDBC????????????????????

71
3-7-3 ???JDBC-??
72
3-8 ????????
  • 3-8-1 ???????????
  • 3-8-2 ????????????
  • 3-8-3 ???????????
  • 3-8-4 ????
  • 3-8-5 ????

73
3-8 ????????-??
  • ????????????????,??????????????,????????????????,?
    ???????????(Centralized Database System)?
  • ????????????????,?????????????,????????????,??????
    ?????,????????
  • ??????????????,???????????????????????????,???????
    ?,???????????????(Distributed Database System)?

74
3-8 ????????-??
75
3-8-1 ???????????-??
  • ????????(Distributed Database, DDB)??????????????
    ???,?????,???????????????????????????
  • ????????????(Distributed Database Management
    System, DDBMS)???????????,?????????,?????????????
    ?????????,???????,???????????,?????????(Transparen
    t)?

76
3-8-1 ???????????-??
  • ?????????????????????,??????(Sites)????(Nodes)???,
    ??????(Communication Network)??,????????(Local
    Area Network)?????(Wide Area Network)?
  • ??????????1N??,??????????(??),???????(??),???????
    ??????,????????????????

77
3-8-1 ???????????-??
78
3-8-2 ????????????-??
  • ?????????????????????????????
  • ?????(Reliability)????(Availability)?????????????
    ???,??????????????????,????????????????
  • ????????????????????????,???????????????????????
  • ????????(Local Autonomy)?????????????,???????????
    ???

79
3-8-2 ????????????-??
  • ??????????????????,??????????????????
  • ?????????????????????????
  • ????????????????,??????????????
  • ???????????????????????

80
3-8-3 ???????????
  • ??????????(Homogeneous Distributed Database
    System)
  • ??????????????????????,??????????????????
  • ??????????(Heterogeneous Distributed Database
    System)
  • ???????????????????,??????SQL Server?Oracle,?????
    ????????????????????????

81
3-8-4 ????-??
  • ??????(Data Fragmentation)????????????????(Fragmen
    t),???????????????????,??????????????????????
  • ????????????,????????????????,????????????????????
    ??????

82
3-8-4 ????-????
  • ????(Horizontal Fragmentation)
  • ?????????????,????????????????,???????????

83
3-8-4 ????-????
  • ????(Vertical Fragmentation)
  • ?????????????,????????????????,???????????

84
3-8-5 ????-??
  • ??????(Data Replication)??????????????,??(Replicat
    ion)?????????,?????????????(Master),?????????????(
    Replica),???????????????????????,????????????????
  • ????????????????????,????
  • ????(No Replication)
  • ????(Complete Replication)
  • ????(Partial Replication)

85
3-8-5 ????-??
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