Civil War - Part 1

1
Civil War - Part 1

• Introduction
• and
• Opening Shot

2
Why is it called the Civil War?
3
Definitions of civil on the Web

• applying to ordinary citizens
• not rude
• of or occurring within the state or between or
  among citizens of the state
• of or relating to or befitting citizens as
  individuals

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Why is it called the Civil War?

• Only two choices in wars Civil War and every
  other kind of war.
• Civil War Your own country is the enemy. For
  example The Civil War was a fight of Americans
  vs. Americans on American soil.

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Civil War Friends Example

• All war is bad.
• A Civil War is particularly nasty.
• It is like when your friends fight.
• No matter what side you pick, people get hurt.

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Brother Fighting Brother

• Families were split.
• Some members of a family would join the South and
  some would join the North.
• Sometimes brothers would actually meet on the
  battlefield and fight against one another.

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Opening Shot1861

• The South was taking control of many Federal
  buildings and forts.
• (federal means U.S. Government, North, or Union)
• The North refused to give up some of their
  buildings and forts.

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Fort Sumter (a Union fort) was a key fort on the
coast of South Carolina.
North
South
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Current View of Fort Sumter
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(No Transcript)
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Illustrated Map of Charleston Harbor
Charleston, South Carolina
Fort Sumter
Atlantic Ocean
Ships
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Sea Level View of Fort Sumter
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Inside of Fort Sumter
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Cannons
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Lincoln Forces the Issue

• Lincoln refused to take the Norths troops out of
  Fort Sumter.
• The South did not want to start the shooting and
  be blamed for starting the war.
• The South warned Lincoln to not resupply the
  island fortress.
• When Lincoln decided to resupply the fort, the
  South attacked it.

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Bombardment of Fort Sumter
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(No Transcript)
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After a 34 hour bombardment Fort Sumter
surrendered and the South captured it.
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Rebuilding Fort Sumter
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Importance of Bull Run (picnic battle) July 16,
1861

• 1) 1st Major battle of the Civil War.
• 2) People were shocked by the huge number of
  casualties.
• 3) Northern soldiers retreatSouth doesnt follow
  but does win the battle.
• 4) Both the North and the South realized it was
  not going to be a quick bloodless war.

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Bull Run Video
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General Lee Invades the North

• The Southern Armies were under the command of
  General Robert E. Lee.
• The South won several battles over the North in
  1861-1862.
• General Lee decided to invade the North.

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Reasons to Invade

• 1) He hoped a win on Northern soil would force
  President Lincoln to sign a peace treaty ending
  the war.
• 2) He also hoped that England or France would see
  how strong the South was and help the Southern
  side.

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The Battle of Antietam

• September 17, 1862
• The North and the South met at a place called
  Antietam.
• They fought all day.
• At the end of the day the Union declared victory.

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Confederate Dead at Antietam
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The Importance

• 1)Antietam was the single bloodiest day in
  American History.
• Both sides added together, had 23,000 casualties.
• 2) It was the victory Lincoln had been waiting
  for.
• After the battle, Lincoln gave the Emancipation
  Proclamation.

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Lincoln at Antietam
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Antietam Video
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Emancipation Proclamation

• January 1, 1863
• Freed all the slaves in the South.
• Not the slaves in the North.
• Why?
• Because he didnt want to lose the border states.
  (MO, KY, MD, DE)