Russian Revolution

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Russian Revolution

• How do you resist oppressive rule- with violent
  or non-violent action?

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Facts on Russia

• Geography
• Russian occupied 1/6th of the earth's land
  surface
• it occupied 1/2 of Europe and 1/3 of Asia
• it had frontiers with twelve countries
• it was washed by twelve seas from three oceans
• Southern Russia is sub-tropical
• Northern Russia is within the Arctic Circle 1/3
  of the land is permanently frozen.

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Facts on Russia

• People
• total population 1897 - approximately 110 million
  
• three quarters of the population was Slavic
• the remaining quarter belonged to 180 different
  nationalities
• 125 languages were spoken
• 40 religions were practiced - the main religion
  was Orthodox Christianity

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Causes

• Autocracy- ruler has unlimited power
• Russo-Japanese War- in 1905, Russians lost a war
  with Japan
• Serfs were not emancipated until 1860s- life did
  not get much better for them
• Industrialization- low wages, bad working
  conditions, child labor.

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Autocracy
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Czar Nicholas II and Family
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Peasant Conditions
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Peasants
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Peasants
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Workers in Moscow
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Strikes/Revolutionary Movements

• Poor conditions led to strikes and revolutionary
  movements
• Bolsheviks- radical Marxists who believed the
  proletariat- or workers, would overthrow the Czar
• Vladimir Lenin- leader of the Bolsheviks- in
  hiding until WW1

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Vladimir Lenin
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Bloody Sunday

• 200,000 workers and their families marched to the
  Czars palace.
• They wanted better working conditions, more
  freedom, and an elected legislature
• They were led by a priest and had a signed
  petition
• Over 1,000 wounded and hundreds killed

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Cossacks
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WW1

• Russia not prepared for War- over 4 million died
  in 1st year.
• Czar Nicholas moves to war front to rally troops-
  leaves wife in charge of Russia
• She ignored advisors and listened only to
  Rasputin- a holy man who put his friends in
  charge

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Rasputin
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Rasputin
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March Revolution

• Rasputin was murdered by Russian nobility- now
  the Czar did not have support of Nobles OR common
  people
• Women in Petrograd led a strike- riots flared up
  all over the country over shortages of bread and
  fuel

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Petrograd
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Bread Line
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Down with the Autocracy! Down with the War!!

• Soldiers disobeyed orders to shoot citizens
• Czar Nicholas gives up the throne and a temporary
  government is put in place
• Germans ship Lenin back to Russia by train- hoped
  Lenin would hurt Russian war effort

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Lenin
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Bolsheviks Gain Power

• Bolsheviks gain power in Soviets- local councils
  made up of workers, peasants, soldiers
• Russians pull out of WW1
• Czar and family executed by revolutionaries
• Civil war ends in 1921- Bolsheviks win

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Duma Messenger
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Revolutionary Comparison

• The Russian revolution was more like the French
  revolution than the American revolution
• French/Russians wanted to destroy society and
  replace it with something else- Americans built
  on English society

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